General Notes

[Joanne's Tree.1 GED.GED]

More About Charles I dit Charlemagne:
Occupation: Roi des Francs (768-814)

ID: I40218
Name: Charles I dit CHARLEMAGNE 1
Sex: M
Birth: 2 APR 747 in Aachen, Allemagne 1
Death: 28 JUN 814 in Aachen, Allemagne 1
Occupation: BET. 768 - 814 Roi des Francs 1
Reference Number: 40218
Note:
[Lessard.FTW]

Charlemagne, in Latin Carolus Magnus (Charles the Great) (742-814), king of the Franks (768-814) and Emperor of the Romans (800-14), who led his Frankish armies to victory over numerous other peoples and established his rule in most of western and central Europe. He was the best-known and most influential king in Europe in the Middle Ages.
Early Years Charlemagne was born probably in Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle), on April 2, 742, the son of the Frankish king Pepin the Short and the grandson of Charles Martel. In 751 Pepin dethroned the last Merovingian king and assumed the royal title himself. He was crowned by Pope Stephen II in 754. Besides anointing Pepin, Pope Stephen anointed both Charlemagne and his younger brother Carloman.

Within the year Pepin invaded Italy to protect the pope against the Lombards, and in 756 he again had to rush to the pope's aid. From 760 on, Pepin's main military efforts went into the conquest of Aquitaine, the lands south of the Loire River. Charlemagne accompanied his father on most of these expeditions.

Campaigns When Pepin died in 768, the rule of his realms was to be shared between his two sons. Charlemagne sought an alliance with the Lombards by marrying (770) the daughter of their king, Desiderius (reigned 757-774). In 771 Carloman died suddenly. Charlemagne then seized his territories, but Carloman's heirs took refuge at the court of Desiderius. By that time Charlemagne had repudiated his wife, and Desiderius was no longer friendly. In 772, when Pope Adrian I appealed to Charlemagne for help against Desiderius, the Frankish king invaded Italy, deposed his erstwhile father-in-law (774), and himself assumed the royal title. He then journeyed to Rome and reaffirmed his father's promise to protect papal lands. As early as 772 Charlemagne had fought onslaughts of the heathen Saxons on his lands. Buoyed by his Italian success, he now (775) embarked on a campaign to conquer and Christianize them. That campaign had some initial success but was to drag on for 30 years, in which time he conducted many other campaigns as well. He fought in Spain in 778; on the return trip his rear guard, led by Roland, was ambushed, a story immortalized in The Song of Roland. In 788 he subjected the Bavarians to his rule, and between 791 and 796 Charlemagne's armies conquered the empire of the Avars (corresponding roughly to modern Hungary and Austria).

Coronation Having thus established Frankish rule over so many other peoples, Charlemagne had in fact built an empire and become an emperor. It remained only for him to add the title. On Christmas Day, in 800, Charlemagne knelt to pray in Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome. Pope Leo III then placed a crown upon his head, and the people assembled in the church acclaimed him the great, pacific emperor of the Romans.

Charlemagne's biographer, Einhard, reported that the king was surprised by this coronation and that had he known it was going to happen, he would not have gone into the church that day. This report has led to much speculation by historians. Charlemagne probably desired and expected to get the imperial title and he subsequently used it. In 813 he designated his sole surviving son, Louis, as his successor, and personally crowned him.

Administration Charlemagne established a more permanent royal capital than had any of his predecessors. His favorite residence from 794 on was at Aix-la-Chapelle. He had a church and a palace constructed there, based in part on architectural borrowings from Ravenna and Rome. At his court he gathered scholars from all over Europe, the most famous being the English cleric Alcuin of York, whom he placed in charge of the palace school.

Administration of the empire was entrusted to some 250 royal administrators called counts. Charlemagne issued hundreds of decrees, called capitularies, dealing with a broad range of topics from judicial and military matters to monasteries, education, and the management of royal estates.

The empire did not expand after 800; indeed, already in the 790s the seacoasts and river valleys experienced the first, dreaded visits of the Vikings. Charlemagne ordered a special watch against them in every harbor, but with little effect. He died before their full, destructive force was unleashed on the empire.

Evaluation Charlemagne is important not only for the number of his victories and the size of his empire, but for the special blend of tradition and innovation that he represented. On the one hand, he was a traditional Germanic warrior, who spent most of his adult life fighting. In the Saxon campaigns he imposed baptism by the sword, and he retaliated against rebels with merciless slaughter. On the other hand, he placed his immense power and prestige at the service of Christian doctrine, the monastic life, the teaching of Latin, the copying of books, and the rule of law. His life, held up as a model to most later kings, thus embodied the fusion of Germanic, Roman, and Christian cultures that became the basis of European civilization.

Contributed by: Lester K. Little Funk + Wagnall's Encyclopedia

German was the language spoken in his family. He had little formal education and was fond of swimming and hunting. When grown, he stood 8 feet tall "after the measure of his own feet which were very long." He had fair complexion, ruddy face, auburn hair, fine open countenance, large sparkling eyes, high forehead, and a foot in width; an appearance that inspired love and respect. His loins were broad and his waist well proportioned, a giant in strength as well as in stature. He wore the Frank's style of clothing, a linen tunic, scarlet breeches, leather bands around his legs, vest made of otter skins, and a white or blue cape.

Charles had 19 children by 9 wives. He died 28 Jan 814 of pleurisy.

WFT, Volume 12, Pedigree #2272  PLAC 251
2  SOUR S332582
3  DATA
4  TEXT Date of Import: 14 Jan 2004
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[daveanthes.FTW]

GIVN Charlemagne, Emperor of
SURN Holy Roman Empir
NSFX [King of The Fra
AFN 9GCC-89
EVEN King of the Franks
TYPE Ruled
DATE BET 768 AND 814
PLAC Aachen
EVEN Austrasia; Neustria; and northern Aquitaine.
TYPE Ruled
DATE 768
PLAC Northern France
EVEN Carolingia
TYPE Ruled
DATE BET 768 AND 771
EVEN Holy Roman Emperor of the West
TYPE Coronation
DATE 25 DEC 800
PLAC Rome
EVEN Verdun
TYPE Battle of
DATE 782
PLAC Verdun (Alsace-Lorraine)
EVEN Avars on the Danube
TYPE Battle of
DATE 796
PLAC Danube
EVEN Built Aachen Cathedral
TYPE Achievements
DATE BET 793 AND 804
PLAC Aachen,France
EVEN with and subjugated the Saxons
TYPE at War
DATE BET 772 AND 785
PLAC Saxony
EVEN With Arabs in northeastern Spain
TYPE at War
DATE 778
PLAC Spain
EVEN against the Avars
TYPE at War
DATE BET 791 AND 796
PLAC The Balkans.
EVEN Lombardy
TYPE Conquered
DATE 773/774
PLAC Lombardy (Burgundy)
EVEN Lombardy
TYPE Conquered
DATE 774
PLAC Italy
EVEN Moorish Spain
TYPE Invaded
DATE 777
PLAC Spain
EVEN by Basques
TYPE Defeated
DATE 778
PLAC Roncesvalles in the Pyrenees.
EVEN Rome
TYPE Visited
DATE 774
PLAC Rome,Italy
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 17:48:57
****************************************************************
EVEN
TYPE Acceded
DATE 768aka Charles the Great. Had two more mistresses: Adalind, son Theodric (807-818) a cleric.
unknown, son Richbod (800-844) abbott of St-Riquier. King of the Lombards 774. Holy Roman Emperor.

HIST CHARLEMAGNE, OF CHARLES I THE GREAT,  EMPEROR OF THE WEST, CAROLIGIAN KING OF THE FRANKS, SON OF PEPIN THE SHORT, MAYOR OF THE PALACE.
HIST IN 774, CHARLEMAAGNE INVADED ITALY IN SUPPORT OF THE POPE AND WAS CROWNED, KING OF THE LOMBARDS.  HE TOOK NORTHEASTERN SPAIN FROM THE MOORS IN 778 AND ANNEXED BAVARIA IN 788.  AFTER A LONG
STRUGGLE, HE SUBJUGATED AND CHRISTIANIZED THE SAXONS.
HIST
HIST FROM THE WRITINGS OF EINHARD vita KAROLI MAGNI, ASSISTANT TO THE KING: KING CHARLES WAS HEARTBROKEN OVER THE DEATH OF HIS CHILDREN WHO SUCCEDED HIM IN DEATH, WHOM HE CARED FOR DEEPLY.  HE WEPT
OPENLY IN COURT. FOR THE KING WAS A SENSATIVE AND
HIST CHARLEMGNE WAS OPEN AND LOVED TO MAKE FRIENDS AND ALWAYS KEPT THE ONES HE MADE.
HIST HE TOOK HIS CHILDREN EVERYWHERE, NEVER LEAVING AACHEN WITHOUT THEM. IN SOME WAYS HIS CHILDREN FELT HE WAS OVERPROTECTIVE, ESPECIALLY WITH HIS DAUGHTERS, WHO WERE KEPT AT THE PALACE UNTIL HIS DEATH.
HIST HE HAD A KIND DISPOSITION THAT NEVER LEFT, EVEN IN THE FACE OF CONFLICT.  HIS ILLEGITAMATE SON PEPIN 'THE HUNCHBACK' PLOTTED TO OVERTHROW HIM  IN 792. HE WAS SUPPOSEDLY HELPED BY QUEEN FASTRADA. HE DIVORCED FASTRADA AND SENT PEPIN TO A
DATE 31 MAY 2000

TITL Final.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Feb 1, 1999

TITL pennington.FTW
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
PAGE Tree #1222
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Aug 19, 1997

TITL Fredbani.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Oct 5, 2000
ALIA Emp Holy Rom Emp; Charles the /Great/
SOUR World Family Tree Vol. 2, Ed. 1
Brderbund Software, Inc.
Release date: November 29, 1995

TITL Fredbani.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Oct 5, 2000
EVEN
TYPE Station
PLAC King of the Franks
EVEN
TYPE Theocracy
PLAC Demanded for himself the supreme position within and authority over the Church.
Spouses:
1.X Mathalgard, - born: ABT 766 @@ Prussia
2. Himiltrud, - born: ABT 746 @@ Prussia
3. Desiderata, - born: ABT 755 @@
4. Vinzgau, Hildegarde of - born: 757 @@ Prussia
5. Fastrada, - born: ABT 763 @@
6. Gerswind, - born: ABT 768 @@
7. Regina, - born: ABT 770 @@ Prussia
8. Luitgard, - born: ABT 774 @@
9. Galiena, - born: ABT 780 @@ Prussia
10. Adelheid, - born: ABT 785 @@ Prussia

TITL tree1.ged
REPO
CALN
MEDI Other
DATA
TEXT Date of Import: Oct 20, 1999
In 794, Charlemagne signs an agreement with Offa, King of England, to encourage trade between Europe and England.
Charlemagne
Charlemagne (shple-mp) (Charles the Great) or Charles I (shplem), 742?-814, emperor of the West (800-814), Carolingian king of the Franks (768-814). The son of PEPIN THE SHORT, he consolidated his rule in his own kingdom, invaded Italy in support of the pope, and in 774 was crowned king of the Lombards. He took NE Spain from the MOORS (778) and annexed Bavaria (788). After a long struggle (772-804) he subjugated and Christianized the Saxons. In 800 he restored LEO III to the papacy and was crowned emperor by him on Christmas Day, thus laying the basis for the HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE and finalizing the split between the Byzantine and Roman empires. Charlemagne ruled through a highly efficient administrative system. He codified the law in his various dominions, and his court at AACHEN was the center for an intellectual and artistic renaissance. The end of his reign was troubled by raids by the NORSEMEN. His son, LOUIS I, was named co-emperor in 813 and succeeded on his father's death. Charlemagne's legend soon enhanced and distorted his actual achievements, and he became the central figure of a medieval romance cycle.
Source:
The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia is licensed from Columbia University Press. Copyright  1995 by Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.

OCCU Emperor of the West
TYPE Book
AUTH Stuart, Roderick W.
PERI Royalty for Commoners
EDTN 3d
PUBL Genealogical Publishing co., Inc, Baltimore, MD (1998)
ISB 0-8063-1561-X
TEXT 171-41
TYPE Book
AUTH Å or c:Weis, Frederick Lewis
PERI Ancestral Roots
EDTN 7th
PUBL Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., Baltimore, MD (1999)
TEXT 50-13; 146-13; 148-13
ACED
DATE 0768
PLAC King of France
CROW
DATE 25 DEC 0800
PLAC Holy Roman EmperorKing of Franks (767-814), King of Lombards (774); Emperor of Romans (800-814).
TYPE E-Mail Message
AUTH Richard Borthwick<rgbor@@cyllene.uwa.edu.au >
TITL Lineage to Charlemagne, in re [sources listed]
DATE 30 Jan 1998
LOCA GEN-MEDIEVAL-L@@rootsweb.com/PowerMac 6500>Applications>Reunion>Documents-source
DATE 9 MAY 2000

GIVN Charlemagne Emperor of the
SURN HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE
DATE 15 Dec 2000
HIST: @@N545@@

GIVN Charlemagne Emperor Of The
SURN HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE
AFN 9GCC-89
REPO @@REPO1097@@
TITL Ancestral File (R)
AUTH The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
PUBL Copyright (c) 1987, June 1998, data as of 5 January 1998
ABBR Ancestral File (R)
_MASTER Y
DATE 12 SEP 2000
TIME 01:00:00

SURN Franks
GIVN Charlemagne
_UID 630F41CAEFC20147943C95ED4A7817B354C8
!Also known as Charles the Great, Reigned from 768 to 814 A.D.
Wordsworths Handbook of Kings and Queens
TITLE:KING OF THE FRANKS
MARRIAGE DATE: 0770 (DIV)
DATE 19 Jan 2001
TIME 16:02:06

Charlemagne, Emperor Of The HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE
GIVN Charlemagne, Emperor of
SURN Holy Roman Empir
NSFX [King of The Fra
AFN 9GCC-89
EVEN King of the Franks
TYPE Ruled
DATE BET 768 AND 814
PLAC Aachen
EVEN Austrasia; Neustria; and northern Aquitaine.
TYPE Ruled
DATE 768
PLAC Northern France
EVEN Carolingia
TYPE Ruled
DATE BET 768 AND 771
EVEN Holy Roman Emperor of the West
TYPE Coronation
DATE 25 DEC 800
PLAC Rome
EVEN Verdun
TYPE Battle of
DATE 782
PLAC Verdun (Alsace-Lorraine)
EVEN Avars on the Danube
TYPE Battle of
DATE 796
PLAC Danube
EVEN Built Aachen Cathedral
TYPE Achievements
DATE BET 793 AND 804
PLAC Aachen,France
EVEN with and subjugated the Saxons
TYPE at War
DATE BET 772 AND 785
PLAC Saxony
EVEN With Arabs in northeastern Spain
TYPE at War
DATE 778
PLAC Spain
EVEN against the Avars
TYPE at War
DATE BET 791 AND 796
PLAC The Balkans.
EVEN Lombardy
TYPE Conquered
DATE 773/774
PLAC Lombardy (Burgundy)
EVEN Lombardy
TYPE Conquered
DATE 774
PLAC Italy
EVEN Moorish Spain
TYPE Invaded
DATE 777
PLAC Spain
EVEN by Basques
TYPE Defeated
DATE 778
PLAC Roncesvalles in the Pyrenees.
EVEN Rome
TYPE Visited
DATE 774
PLAC Rome,Italy
DATE 9 SEP 2000
TIME 17:48:57