• General Notes

  Louis IV d'Outremer: King of France 936 to 954, member of the Carolingian dynasty.
  
  Born September 10, 920 at Laon, Aisne, France, the son of King Charles III and Princess Eadgifu of England.
  
  He was only three years old when his mother took him "over the sea" to the safety of England after his father was imprisoned. Hence the nickname.
  
  On the death of his father in 936, Louis was summoned back to France and crowned king. Effectively, his sovereignty was limited to the town of Laon and to some places in the north of France, Louis displayed a keenness beyond his years in obtaining the recognition of his authority by his feuding nobles. Nonetheless, his reign was filled with conflict in particular with Hugh the Great, count of Paris.
  
  In 939 Louis became involved in a struggle with the Emperor Otto the Great on the question of Lorraine, but then married Otto's sister Gerberge (914 - May 5, 984), Princess of Germany and they had two sons and a daughter:
  Lothair, (941-986) Western Frankish King
  Charles, (954-986) Duke of Lower Lortharingia
  Mathilde King Louis IV died September 10, 954 at Reims, Marne, France and is interred there at Saint-Remi Cathedral. He was succeeded by his son Lothair.
  
  
  Sources:
  
     1. Abbrev: The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants
        Title: Gary Boyd Roberts
  
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  Louis D'Outremer", (Louis from Overseas),
  also called Louis IV "Transmarinus" .
  
  During father Charles III "the Simple"'s struggle with Hugh the Great, Ogive (Eadgifu) daughter of Saxon Kind Edward took Louis to England. Recalled to France in 936, crowned June 19 at Laon.
  
  Louis IV, in German, Ludwig IV, called The Bavarian (1287?-1347), Holy Roman emperor (1314-47) and king of Germany (1314-47), son of Louis II, duke of Bavaria (1228-1294). Louis IV warred with Frederick III, called the Fair, a rival candidate for the imperial crown, from 1314 to 1322, and then until 1326 with Leopold I, Frederick's brother, also a rival emperor. Pope John XXII refused to crown Louis IV and excommunicated him in 1324. Louis invaded Italy in 1327, occupied Rome from 1327 to 1330, and secured his coronation in 1328 from Nicholas V, whom he proclaimed pope in 1328. Nicholas abdicated as antipope in 1330. During the series of armed conflicts that began in 1337 between England and France, called the Hundred Years' War, Louis at first sided with England but later aided France. In 1338 the electoral princes of the Holy Roman Empire declared that emperors no longer needed papal confirmation of their election. He was succeeded as Holy Roman emperor by Charles IV of the house of Luxembourg.
  
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Details of d'Outremer, Transmarinus' family with Gerberga of Saxony