John Plantagenet of Gaunt , Duke of Lancaster 
John Plantagenet of was born in Bavon Abbey, Ghent, Flanders. John Plantagenet of's father was Edward III Plantagenet King of England and his mother was Philippa d' Avesnes , of Hainault. His paternal grandparents were Edward II Plantagenet King of England and Isabella Princess of France; his maternal grandparents were William III d' Avesnes , Count of Hainault and Jeanne de Valois. He had four brothers named Edward "The Black" Prince of, Lionel, Edmund and Thomas. He died in Leicester Castle, London, Middlesex, England. He was buried in St Pauls Cathedral, London, Middlesex, England.General Notes
John of Gaunt, Earl of Richmond, 4th son of King Edward III, was b. 1340, styled of Gaunt from the place of his birth, who had been created Earl of Richmond in 1342, was advanced to the Dukedom of Lancaster by his father, Edward III, in the 36th year of his reign. After the decease of his 1st wife, Blanch, the great heiress of the Duke of Lancaster, he m. Constance, elder dau. and co-heiress of Peter, King of Castile, and in her right assumed the title of King of Castile and Leon, in which regal dignity, as well as in those of Duke of Lancaster, Earl of Richmond, Derby, Lincoln, and Leicester, he had summons to parliament; he was likewise Duke of Aquitaine and a knight of the Garter. On the decease of Edward III, this prince was joined in the administration of affairs during the minority of his nephew, Richard II. He subsequently attempted the conquest of Spain at the head of a fine army, and landing at the Groyne, advanced to Compostella, where he was met by John, King of Portugal, between whom and his eldest dau., the Lady Philippa, a marriage was concluded. Thence he marched into Castile and there ratified a treaty of peace, by which he abandoned his claim to the throne of Castile and Leon in consideration of a large sum of money and the marriage of Henry, Prince of Asturias, with his only dau. by his 2nd wife, the Lady Katherine Plantagenet. In the latter part of his life he dwelt in retirement, having incurred the displeasure of King Richard by a motion which he had made in parliament that his son, Henry of Bolingbroke, should be declared heir to the crown. He d. at Ely House, Holborn, in 1399.
John of Gaunt m. 1st, in 1359, Lady Blanche Plantagenet, the eventual heiress of the Duke of Lancaster, and had by her, Henry, Philippa, and Elizabeth. He m. 2ndly, Constance, elder dau. and co-heir of Peter, King of Castile, and by her had an only dau., Katherine. The duke m. 3rdly, in 1396, Catherine, dau. of Sir Payn Roet, Guyenne King of Arms, and widow of Sir Otho de Swynford, Knt., by whom, before marriage, he had issue, John, Henry, Thomas, and Joan. These [last] children were legitimated by act of parliament for all purposes, save succession to the throne, in the 20th Richard II and derived their surname from the castle of Beaufort, the place of their birth. John of Gaunt, was s. by his eldest son, Henry Plantagenet, b. 1366, surnamed of Bolingbroke, Earl of Hereford, who, upon the deposition of Richard II, was called to the throne as King Henry IV, when his great inheritance, with the Dukedom of Lancaster, and the Earldoms of Hereford, Derby, Lincoln, and Leicester, merged in the crown. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 432, Plantagenet, Earls of Chester, &c.]
----------
John OF GAUNT, DUKE OF LANCASTER, also called (1342-62) EARL OF RICHMOND, or (from 1390) DUC (duke) D'AQUITAINE (b. March 1340, Ghent--d. Feb. 3, 1399, London), English prince, fourth but third surviving son of the English king Edward III and Philippa of Hainaut; he exercised a moderating influence in the political and constitutional struggles of the reign of his nephew Richard II. He was the immediate ancestor of the three 15th-century Lancastrian monarchs, Henry IV, V, and VI. The term Gaunt, a corruption of the name of his birthplace, Ghent, was never employed after he was three years old; it became the popularly accepted form of his name through its use in Shakespeare's play Richard II.
Through his first wife, Blanche (d. 1369), John, in 1362, acquired the duchy of Lancaster and the vast Lancastrian estates in England and Wales. From 1367 to 1374 he served as a commander in the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) against France. On his return he obtained the chief influence with his father, but he had serious opponents among a group of powerful prelates who aspired to hold state offices. He countered their hostility by forming a curious alliance with the religious reformer John Wycliffe. Despite John's extreme unpopularity, he maintained his position after the accession of his ten-year-old nephew, Richard II, in 1377, and from 1381 to 1386 he mediated between the King's party and the opposition group led by John's younger brother, Thomas of Woodstock, earl of Gloucester.
In 1386 John departed for Spain to pursue his claim to the kingship of Castile and Leon based upon his marriage to Constance of Castile in 1371. The expedition was a military failure. John renounced his claim in 1388, but he married his daughter, Catherine, to the young nobleman who eventually became King Henry III of Castile and Leon.
Meanwhile, in England, war had nearly broken out between the followers of King Richard II and the followers of Gloucester. John returned in 1389 and resumed his role as peacemaker.
His wife Constance died in 1394, and two years later he married his mistress, Catherine Swynford. In 1397 he obtained legitimization of the four children born to her before their marriage. This family, the Beauforts, played an important part in 15th-century politics. When John died in 1399, Richard II confiscated the Lancastrian estates, thereby preventing them from passing to John's son, Henry Bolingbroke. Henry then deposed Richard and in September 1399 ascended the throne as King Henry IV. [EncyclopÊdia Britannica CD '97]
-
Ancestor Pedigree Chart
-
*There are earlier generations for the ancestor(s) indicated. See their page(s) for details (click name)
- b.24 Dec 1166 in Kings Manor House, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England d.19 Oct 1216 in Newark Castle, Nottinghamshire, England
- b.01 Oct 1207 in Winchester Castle, Winchester, Hampshire, England d.16 Nov 1272 in Westminster Palace, London, Middlesex, England
- b.1188 in Angouleme, Charente, Poitou-Charentes, France d.31 May 1246 in Fontevault Abbey, Fonervrault, Maine-et-Loire, France
- b.17 Jun 1239 in Westminster Palace, London, Middlesex, England d.07 Jul 1307 in Burgh-on-The-Sand near Carlisle, Cumberland, England
- b.1198 in Aix-en-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhone, France d.19 Aug 1245 in France
- b.1217 in Aix-en-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhone, France d.25 Jun 1291 in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England
- b.~ 1201 in Chambery, Savoie, Rhone-Alpes, France d.Dec 1266 in France
- b.25 Apr 1284 in Caernarvon Castle, Caernarvonshire, Wales d.21 Sep 1327 in Berkeley Castle, Thornbury, Gloucestershire, England (murdered)
- b.15 Aug 1166 in Zamora, Leon, Spain d.24 Sep 1230 in Villaneuva de Sarria, Lugo, Spain
- b.19 Aug 1201 in Leon, Spain d.30 May 1252 in Seville, Spain
- b.~Jun 1180 in Burgos, Castile, Spaine d.08 Nov 1244 in Burgos, Castile, Spaine
- b.1244 in Burgos, Castile, Spain d.28 Nov 1290 in Grantham, Lincolnshire, England
- b.~ 1172 in Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne, Ile-de-France, France d.21 Sep 1239 in Abbeville, Somme, Picardy, France
- b.1216 in Dammartin, Seine-et-Marne, Ile-de-France, France d.15 MAR 1278/79 in Abbeville, France
- b.17 Apr 1199 in Aumale, Seine-Inferieure, Normandy, France d.Sep 1250 in Normandy, France
- b.13 Nov 1312 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England d.21 Jun 1377 in Shene Palace, Richmond, Surrey, England
- b.25 Apr 1214 in Poissy, Yvelines, Ile-de-France, France d.25 Aug 1270 in Near Tunis, Tunisia
- b.03 Apr 1245 in Poissy, Yvelines, Ile-de-France, France d.05 Oct 1285 in Perpignan, Pyrenees-Orientales, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
- b.~ 1221 in St Maime B, France d.21 Dec 1285 in Paris, Seine, Ile-de-France, France
- b.1268 in Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, Ile-de-France, France d.29 Nov 1314 in Fontainebleau, Seine-et-Marne, Ile-de-France, France
- b.2 FEB 1207/08 in Montpellier, Herault, Languedoc, France d.27 Jul 1276 in Valencia, Spain
- b.1247 in Barcelona, Spain d.28 JAN 1270/71 in As a result of miscarriage
- b.~ 1216 in Hungary d.12 Oct 1251 in Huesca, Spain
- b.1292 in Paris, Seine, Ile-de-France, France d.22 Aug 1358 in Castle Rising, Norfolk, England
- b.30 May 1201 in Troyes, Aube, Champagne, France d.07 Jul 1253 in Pamplona, Navarre, Spain
- b.~ 1210 in Troyes, Aube, Champagne, France d.22 Jul 1274 in Pamplona, Navarre, Spain
- b.~ 1216 in Foix, Ariege, France d.12 Apr 1256 in Provins, Brie, France
- b.JAN 1271/72 in Pamplona, Navarre, Spain d.02 Apr 1305 in Chateau-de-Vincennes, France
- b.Sep 1216 in Paris, Seine, Ile-de-France, France d.ABT 8 FEB 1249/50 in Egypt
- b.1248 in Arras, Paris, France d.02 May 1302 in Paris, Seine, Ile-de-France, France
- b.~ 1224 in Brabant, Lorraine, France d.29 Sep 1288
- b.MAR 1339/40 in Bavon Abbey, Ghent, Flanders d.3 FEB 1398/99 in Leicester Castle, London, Middlesex, England
- b.~ 1182 in Oizy, Namur, Belgium d.~ 1244 in Clairefontaine, Autelbas, Luxembourg, Belgium
- b.01 May 1218 in Oizy, Namur, Belgium d.1256 in Holland
- b.02 Jun 1202 in Constantinople, Turkey d.10 FEB 1279/80 in Valenciennes, Nord, Nord-Pas-de-Calais France
- b.1247 in Hainault, Flanders, Beglium d.22 Aug 1304
- b.1210 in Holland d.1234
- b.~ 1228 in Holland d.~ 1284
- b.1210 in Brabant, Lorraine, France d.1267
- b.~ 1286 in Avesnes, Pas-de-Calais, Normandy, France d.07 Jun 1337 in Valenciennes, France
- b.~ 1176 in Limburg, Belgium d.02 Jul 1226
- b.1217 in Luxemburg d.24 Nov 1281
- b.Jul 1186 in Namur, Luxemburg d.17 FEB 1246/47
- b.~ 1255 in Luxemburg d.1311
- b.~ 1190 in Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, Argonne/Lorraine, France d.13 Nov 1239 in Gaza, Palestine
- b.~ 1222 in Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, Argonne/Lorraine, France d.23 Nov 1275
- b.~ 1192 in Dreux, Eure-et-Loire, Beauce/Centre, France d.17 MAR 1241/42 in Bar-le-Duc, Meuse, Argonne/Lorraine, France
- b.24 Jun 1311 in Mons, Hainault, Belgium d.15 Aug 1369 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England
- b.25 Apr 1214 in Poissy, Yvelines, Ile-de-France, France d.25 Aug 1270 in Near Tunis, Tunisia
- b.03 Apr 1245 in Poissy, Yvelines, Ile-de-France, France d.05 Oct 1285 in Perpignan, Pyrenees-Orientales, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
- b.~ 1221 in St Maime B, France d.21 Dec 1285 in Paris, Seine, Ile-de-France, France
- b.12 MAR 1269/70 in Vincennes, Val-de-Marne, France d.16 Dec 1325 in Nogent-le-Roi, Eure-et-Loir, France
- b.2 FEB 1207/08 in Montpellier, Herault, Languedoc, France d.27 Jul 1276 in Valencia, Spain
- b.1247 in Barcelona, Spain d.28 JAN 1270/71 in As a result of miscarriage
- b.~ 1216 in Hungary d.12 Oct 1251 in Huesca, Spain
- b.~ 1291 in Valois now Oise, Picardy, France d.1342 in Fontenelle, Yonne, Bourgogne, France
- b.1220 in Anjou, France d.1285 in Naples, Italy
- b.~ 1248 in Naples, Italy d.06 May 1309 in Cassanova near Naples, Italy
- b.~ 1227 in Provence, France
- b.~ 1273 in Naples, Italy d.31 Dec 1299
- b.~ 1240 in Hungary d.01 Aug 1272 in Hungary
- b.~ 1257 in Budapest, Hungary d.25 Mar 1323 in Naples, Italy
- b.1240 in Kuthen, Hungary
-
John Plantagenet of and Constance de were married in a religious ceremony in June 1371.
Page last modified