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Family Subtree Diagram : .Elizabeth de Berkeley (1400)

PLEASE NOTE: If you do not see a GRAPHIC IMAGE of a family tree here but are seeing this text instead then it is most probably because the web server is not correctly configured to serve svg pages correctly. see http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/SVG:Server_Configuration for information on how to correctly configure a web server for svg files. ? Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child (three children) (a child) (five children) (nine children) (seven children) (a child) (a child) (a child) (four children) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (three children) (a child) 1400 - 1455 Alianore Berkeley 55 55 1351 - 1428 John de Berkeley 77 77 1353 Elizabeth de Bettleshorne 1400 - 1478 Elizabeth de Berkeley 78 78 1398 Maurice Berkeley 1310 - 1385 Katherine Clivedon 75 75 1308 Margaret de Mortimer Catherine de Botetourt 1329 Joane de Berkeley 1330 John de Berkeley 1334 Roger de Berkeley 1336 Thomas de Berkeley 1337 Alphonsus de Berkeley 1271 - 1326 Maurice de Berkeley 55 55 1295 Millicent de Berkeley 1298 - 1345 Maurice de Berkeley 47 47 1299 John de Berkeley 1302 Eudo de Berkeley 1301 Peter de Berkeley 1306 John de Berkeley 1307 - 1362 Isabel de Berkeley 55 55 1310 Peter de Berkeley 1255 - 1309 Joan de Ferrers 54 54 1239 - 1321 Thomas de Berkeley 82 82 1234 William Champeron 1262 Henry Champeron 1274 Margaret de Berkeley 1289 - 1314 Eve la Zouche 25 25 1277 John de Berkeley 1279 James de Berkeley 1280 Thomas de Berkeley 1281 Isabel de Berkeley 1297 Alice de Berkeley 1218 - 1281 Maurice de Berkeley 63 63 1218 - 1276 Isabel Fitzroy Fitzrichard de Chilham 58 58 1191 - 1276 Joan de Somery 85 85 1187 - 1243 Thomas de Berkeley 56 56 1186 - 1270 Richard Fitzroy 84 84 1188 - 1265 Rohese Dover 77 77 1212 Lorette Dover 1218 Margaret Fitzjohn 1166 - 1216 John Plantagenet of England 49 49 Signed the Magna Charta
Ruled 1199-1216

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Signed the Magna Carta in 1215. Reigned 1199-1216.

King John (December 24, 1167 - October 19, 1216) was King of England from 1199 to 1216. He was the youngest brother of King Richard I who was known as "Richard the Lionheart". Nicknames are "Lackland" (in French, sans terre) and "Soft-sword".

John is best known for angering the barons to rebellion, so that they forced him to agree to the Magna Carta in 1215, and then signing England over to the Pope to get out of the promises he made in that Great Charter. The truth, however, is that he was no better or worse a king than his immediate predecessor or his successor (which is still not much of a compliment).

Born at Oxford, he was the fifth son of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and was always his father's favourite son, though being the youngest, he could expect no inheritance (hence his nickname, "Lackland"). In 1189 he married Isabel, daughter of the Earl of Gloucester. (She is given several alternative names by history, including Hawise (or Avice), Joan, and Eleanor.) They had no children, and John had their marriage annulled on the grounds of consanguinity, some time before or shortly after his accession to the throne, which took place on April 6, 1199. (She then married Hubert de Burgh).

Before his accession, John had already acquired a reputation for treachery, having conspired sometimes with and sometimes against his elder brothers, Henry, Geoffrey and Richard. In 1184, John and Richard both claimed that they were the rightful heir to the Aquitaine, one of many unfriendly encounters between the two. The 1185 though, John was given rule over Ireland, whose people grew to despise him, causing John to leave after only six months. During Richard's absence on crusade, John attempted to overthrow his designated regent, despite having been forbidden by his brother to leave France. This was one reason the older legend of Hereward the Wake was updated to King Richard's reign, with "Prince John" as the ultimate villain and the hero now called "Robin Hood". However, on his return to England in 1194, Richard forgave John and named him as his heir.

On Richard's death, John was not universally recognised as king. His young nephew, Arthur of Brittany, the posthumous son of his brother Geoffrey, was regarded by some as the rightful heir, and John eventually disposed of him around 1203, thus adding to his reputation for ruthlessness. In the meantime, he had married, on August 24, 1200, Isabella of Angouleme, who was twenty years his junior. Isabella eventually produced five children, including two sons (Henry and Richard). At around this time John also married off his illegitimate daughter, Joan, to the Welsh prince, Llywelyn the Great, building an alliance in the hope of keeping peace within England and Wales so that he would be free to recover his French lands. The French king had declared most of these forfeit in 1204, leaving John only Gascony in the southwest.

As far as the administration of his kingdom went, John was quite a just and enlightened ruler, but he won the disapproval of the barons by taxing them. Particularly unpopular was the tax known as scutage, which was a penalty for those who failed to supply military resources. He also fell out with the Pope by rejecting Stephen Langton, the official candidate for the position of Archbishop of Canterbury. This resulted in John's being excommunicated. He was having much the same kind of dispute with the church as his father had had before him. Unfortunately, his excommunication was an encouragement to his political rivals to rise against him. Having successfully put down the Welsh uprising of 1211, he turned his attentions back to his overseas interests and regained the approval of Pope Innocent III.

The European wars culminated in a defeat which forced the king to accept an unfavourable peace with France. This finally turned the barons against him, and he met their leaders at Runnymede, near London, on June 15, 1215, to sign the Great Charter called, in Latin, Magna Carta. Because it had been signed under duress, however, John felt entitled to break it as soon as hostilities had ceased. It was the following year that John, retreating from a threatened French invasion, crossed the marshy area known as The Wash in East Anglia and lost his most valuable treasures, including the Crown Jewels, as a result of the unexpected incoming tide. This was a terrible blow, which affected his health and state of mind, and he succumbed to dysentery, dying on October 18 or October 19, 1216, at Newark in Lincolnshire*, and is buried in Worcester Cathedral in the city of Worcester. He was succeeded by his nine-year-old son as King Henry III of England.

*Footnote: Newark is now within the County of Nottinghamshire, close to its long boundary with Lincolnshire.

Was King John illiterate?

For a long time, school children have been taught that King John had to approve the Magna Carta by attaching his seal to it because he could not sign it, being unable to read or write. The textbooks that said that were the same kind that said Christopher Columbus wanted to prove the earth was round. Whether the original authors of these errors knew better and oversimplified because they were writing for children, or whether they had been misinformed themselves, the result was generations of adults who remembered mainly two things about "wicked King John," and both of them wrong. (The other one being that if Robin Hood had not stepped in, Prince John would have embezzled the money raised to ransom King Richard.) In fact, King John did sign the draft of the Charter that was hammered out in the tent on Charter Island at Runnymede on 15 - 18 June 1215, but it took the clerks and scribes working in the royal offices some time after everyone went home to prepare the final copies, which were then sealed and delivered to the appropriate officials. In those days, legal documents were sealed to make them official, not signed. (Even today, many legal documents are not considered effective without the seal of a notary public or corporate official, and printed legal forms such as deeds say "L.S." next to the signature lines. That stands for the Latin locus signilli ("place of the seal"), signifying that the signer is using a signature as a substitute for a seal.) When William the Conqueror (and his wife) signed the Accord of Winchester in 1072, for example, they and all the bishops signed with crosses, as illiterate people would later do, but it was because it was the legal practice, not because the bishops could not write their own names.

Henry II had at first intended for his son Prince John to be educated to go into the Church, which would have meant Henry did not have to give him any land, but in 1171 Henry began negotiations to betroth John to the daughter of Count Humbert III of Maurienne-Savoy (who had no son yet and so wanted a son-in-law), and after that there was no more talk of making John a churchman. John's parents were both well educated -- Henry II spoke some half dozen languages, and Eleanor of Aquitaine had attended lectures at what was about to become the University of Paris, in addition to what they had been taught of law and government, religion, and literature -- and John was one of the best educated kings England ever had. Some of the books the records show he read were: De Sacramentis Christianae Fidei by Hugh of St. Victor, Sentences by Peter Lombard, The Treatise of Origen, and a history of England that was probably Robert Wace's Roman de Brut, based on Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae.
 1166 Suzanne de Warenne 1172 - 1233 Isabel de Briwere 61 61 1170 Fulbert de Douvres D. 1198 John Fulbert de Douvres 1148 - 1225 Roese de Lucy 77 77 Lewis C Loyd points out that, according to Robert de Torigni, when the Justiciar entered religion he was succeeded by his grandson Richard, son of Geoffrey. Roese therefore succeeded her brother, not her father or grandfather, and the inference to be drawn is that Richard the younger and Roese were Geoffrey's children by a first wife, and Geoffrey the younger his son by a second wife. [Complete Peerage VIII:257 note (c)] 1287 - 1373 John Clivedon 86 86 1288 Emme 1262 - 1333 Matthew Clivedon 71 71 1327 John Betteshorne 1329 Goda 1215 - 1270 Richard de Dover de Chilham 55 55 1305 - 1380 John de Betteshorne 75 75 1237 - 1281 Raymond Clivedon 44 44 1240 - 1304 Elizabeth Aller 64 64 1215 - 1272 John Aller 57 57 1190 Ralph Aller 1155 Raher Aller D. 1147 William de Douvres FitzRalph Ralph FitzWilliam D. 1130 Fulbert de Douvres From Douvres, in Bessin east of Bayeaux, Normande, not Dover, ENG

From History of Kent by W.H. Ireland (1829), "Fulbert de Dover's Tower was erected by Fulbert de Lucie, who accompanied the Conquerer to England. Being appointed one of the knights to defend the fortress, by John de Fiennes, he assumed the name of Dover, and on his personal services being no longer required at the castle, retired to his baronial residence of Chilham."
 Athelix 1280 Roger de Betteshorne 1120 - 1178 Geoffrey de Lucy 58 58 GEOFFREY DE LUCY (b), of Newington, son of Geoffrey, son and heir of Richard DE LUCY "the Loyal," justiciar of England (c).
(c) Bracton's Note Book, c 1159, which quotes verbatim the official report of a verdict given in Hilary term (1223) . . . Lewis C Loyd points out that, according to Robert de Torigni, when the Justiciar entered religion he was succeeded by his grandson Richard, son of Geoffrey. Roese therefore succeeded her brother, not her father or grandfather, and the inference to be drawn is that Richard the younger and Roese were Geoffrey's children by a first wife, and Geoffrey the younger his son by a second wife. The available evidence does not, however, exclude the possibility that the younger Geoffrey was illegitimate.[Complete Peerage VIII:257-8, XIV:457, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)] 1120 Roesia de Clare 1293 - 1361 Thomas de Berkeley 68 68 John de Betteshorne Sources:
Text: GEDCOM file submitted by Samuel, http://worldconnect.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GED&db=samuel1944&id=I30897. Created on 21 NOV 2007. Imported on 6 Dec 2008.
Text: GEDCOM file, Samuel.
Text: GEDCOM file submitted by Samuel, http://worldconnect.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GED&db=samuel1944&id=I30897. Created on 21 NOV 2007. Imported on 6 Dec 2008. Margaret Renald de Betteshorne Sources:
Text: GEDCOM file submitted by Samuel, http://worldconnect.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GED&db=samuel1944&id=I30897. Created on 21 NOV 2007. Imported on 6 Dec 2008.
Text: GEDCOM file, Samuel.
Text: GEDCOM file submitted by Samuel, http://worldconnect.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GED&db=samuel1944&id=I30897. Created on 21 NOV 2007. Imported on 6 Dec 2008. Maude de Ivez 1217 Matthew de Clivedon 1170 - 1189 Matthew de Cliveden 19 19 Maud de Montagu 1140 - 1166 William de Cliveden 26 26 1129 - 1197 Hawise de Beaumont 68 68 1110 - 1164 Richard de Montagu 54 54 1120 - 1230 Alice de Monte Acuto 110 110 1157 William de Montagu 1140 Drew de Montagu 1070 - 1156 William de Monte Acuto 86 86 Generated by GenoPro®. Click here for details.