• General Notes

  [Johnson.FTW]
  
  [1144734.FTW]
  
  Cause of Death:<CAUS> Drowned in River Calycandus, Cilicia.
  Custom Field:<_FA# > Called Barbarossa or Red Beard.  House of Hohenstaufen.@@S005967@@
  Custom Fiel d:<_FA#> Emperor in 1155.  German national hero.@@S005967@@
  Custom Field:<_FA#> 1176Lombard League & Pope Alexander III defeats him at Battle of Legnano.@@S0059 67@@
  Custom Field:<_FA#> (First victory of infantry over feudal cavalry).@@S0059 67@@
  Custom Field:<_FA#> Died on the 3rd Crusade;  buried somewhere in the Holy Land.@@S005864@@line 45 p 47@@S005967@@
  Custom Field:<_FA#> Duke of Alsace & Swab ia.@@S005864@@line 45 p 47@@S005967@@
  REFN: 4791
  [G675.ged]
  Friedrich I, 'Barbar ossa' Emperor Of The Holy Roman Empire called
  Barbarossa or Red Beard, succee ded his uncle Conrad III as king of
  Germany in 1152. He became Holy Roman Emp eror in 1155. The German people
  admired and respected him as a great national hero. In 1180, he defeated
  his great rival for power in Germany, Henry the L ion, Duke of Saxony and
  Bavaria. With the help of loyal princes and an able a dministration, he
  enforced his authority in Germany and the Slavic borderland s to the east.
  He was less successful in a bitter struggle against Pope Alexan der III
  and the Lombard League of North Italian cities. The League defeated
  Frederick at the Battle of Legnano in 1176. It was in this battle that
  foot soldiers recorded their first great victory over feudal cavalry. The
  Lombard cities forced Frederick to grant them self-government in the
  Peace of Constan ce in 1183. The Emperor
  started on the Third Crusade to the Holy Land in 1189, but drowned the
  next year while crossing a river. A German legend, however, says that
  Barbarossa never really died but is sleeping beside a huge table in the
  Kyffhauser Mountains. When his beard grows completely around the table,
  the legend says, he will arise and conquer Germany's enemies.
  Frederick I (H oly Roman Empire), called Frederick Barbarossa (1123?-90),
  Holy Roman emperor and king of Germany (1152-90), king of Italy
  (1155-90), and as Frederick III , duke of Swabia (1147-52, 1167-68). He
  was born in Waiblingen, the son of Fr ederick II of Hohenstaufen, duke of
  Swabia (1090-1147), and the nephew of Con rad III, king of Germany. Conrad
  III, favoring Frederick over his own son, on his deathbed recommended to
  the German princes that Frederick be chosen for the German kingship and
  the imperial throne. Accordingly, after the death of his uncle in 1152,
  Frederick Barbarossa was made German king and elected Holy Roman emperor.
  He conceived of his imperial title as a grant from God, throu gh the
  German princes, and wished to restore the glory of the Roman Empire. H e
  consequently decided to consolidate the imperial position
  in Germany and I taly and began by issuing a general order for peace among
  the princes of Germ any, at the same time granting them extensive
  concessions. In 1154 he proceed ed to Italy, where he received the Lombard
  crown at Pavia. The following year he was crowned Holy Roman emperor by
  Pope Adrian IV, whose authority Frederic k had reinstated before his
  coronation.
  In 1156 Pope Adrian aroused Frederic k against the papacy by implying in a
  letter to him that the emperor held lan ds only as a fief from the pope.
  Two years later Frederick incurred the hosti lity of the Lombards by
  demanding recognition of all his royal rights, includ ing his power to
  appoint the imperial podesta, or governor, in every town. Su ch cities as
  Milan, Piacenza, Brescia, and Crema considered that demand a den ial of
  their communal liberties and in 1158 began a struggle that lasted unti l
  1183 and required Frederick to lead five expeditions to Italy. Between
  11 58 and 1162 Frederick warred with Milan and its allies, subduing that
  city an d confirming claims to other Italian cities. Meanwhile Frederick
  had set up a series of antipopes in opposition to the reigning pope,
  Alexander III, who e spoused the cause of the Milanese and their allie

Details of Frederick I Barbarossa's family with Beatrix de Burgundy