1535944

[SUSANNA KEENE.FTW]

Grew up in exile in England.
Slain while besieging Alnwick Castle.
Crowned 17 March 1057/8.
Slew Macbeth (who slew Malcolm's father).
Provided assistance to English resistance against the Normans.

Burial.
Made an alliance with Thorfinn the Mighty of Orkney, ruler of
Scotland north of the Tay. This alliance upset the English, who
exerted great control over Malcolm. Eventually, Malcolm allowed
the northern alliance to dwindle away.
Overthrew Macbeth with English arms & money.
Macbeth siezed the throne of Scotland in 1040 after defeating
and killing Duncan I near elgin. He based his claim to the
crown on his wife's royal descent (Duncan's former wife Sybal).
Malcolm III, son of Duncan I, and Earl Siward of Northumberland
defeated Macbeth at Dunsinane in 1054, but they did not
dethrone him. Three years later, Malcolm III killed Macbeth at
Lumphanan. Macbeth's stepson Lulach reigned for a few months,
and then Malcolm III succeeded him as king. William Shakespeare
based his play, Macbeth, one of his greatest tragedies, upon a
distorted version of these events which he found in Raphael
Holinshed's 'Chronicle of Scottish History.' The only kernel of
historical truth in the play is Duncan's death at the hand of
Macbeth. From this fact, Shakespeare drew his portrait of
ambition leading to a violent and tragic end (REF: 'The World
Book Encyclopedia', 1968, p M4, "Ancestrial Roots of Sixty
Colonists Who Came to New England between 1623 and 1650", 1969,
Frederick Lewis Weis, p 111, "Royalty for Commoners", Roderick
W. Stuart, 1993, p 2

REF: Scottish History website: Malcolm III Canmore (big head)
was the first in a succession of kings of Scotland, who were
under heavy English pressure or favor. Malcolm III took
Scotland from MacBeth with English help, and it was the
beginning of a process whereby Scottish Lords were "bought" or
bribed with money and/or gifts (titles & lands) to promote
English causes in Scotland. As previously mentioned, Malcolm
III grew up in exile in England and spoke English as his
primary tongue. He also visited Normandy, made friends there,
and was also under their influence. The English looked upon
Malcolm favorably, not for his sake, but because it was
established English policy to get Scots to recognise the
English as their Overlords by influencing the Kings of
Scotland, and their counselors -- or if that failed, by force.
Once Malcolm was 'firm' on the throne, he forgot many of his
"obligations" to England, and instead made a treaty with
Thorfinn the Mighty, leader of the Northern Vikings in
Scotland, in 1059. This, of course, upset English plans
greatly. Now Malcolm III had a powerful ally to the north.
Malcom was not a wise or consistent leader though, and the
treaty dissolved in time. Instead, he married Margaret, an
English Princess who had taken refuge in Scotland along with
her brother Edgar the Aetheling, after the Norman conquest of
England begun in 1066. Most of all Anglo-Saxon (English)
Nobility fled to the Lowlands of Scotland as safe haven from
the Norman invaders. This is the beginning of the separation of
Lowland Scotland and the Highlands and the Isles of Scotland.
Under Malcolm III 'big or great head', and his successors, the
foundations of feudalism were laid, at any rate, in southern
Scotland. Malcolm's English wife Margaret, a saintly and very
determined young woman, set herself to introduce to her
husband's court English fashions and customs. She took the
Scottish clergy in hand, much to their dismay, sought to impose
the religious practices prevalent in England, (Anglo-Saxon
England), celibacy, poverty, and so on. Scot's clergy prior to
this had been allowed to marry. Due directly to Margaret
Canmore's influences, Scottish court life assumed a decidely
English tinge, while in the church a system of regular diocesan
episcopacy gradually took shape. Malcolm, being educated and
raised since the age of nine in England, was inclined to share
his wife's views and during his reign shifted the cultural
center of his Kingdom southwards into was had been Anglo-Saxon
territory (Lothian area), only recently absorbed as a Scottish
region, thereby seriously offending the Celtic north and west.
Malcolm III, eyeing selfishly his southern neighbors lands in
north England, conducted a series of border raids into
Northumberland and Cumberland. This, of course, provoked a
retaliatory response on the part of the Normans, led by William
the Conqueror himself in 1071. William I invaded Scotland and
forced the foolish Malcolm to pay homage to him. This did quell
Malcolm's raids on England........for a while. In 1093 an
attack on Northumberland (again) , by Malcolm, was repulsed and
Malcolm III was killed by one of his Norman friends named
Morel. Queen Margaret, for her part, died three days later,
piously uttering a prayer of thanks that "...such sadness
should have been sent, to purify my final moments." She was in
due course canonized. Over the next three decades, Scotland was
in turmiol, ruled over by a succession of weak, insecure kings.
During this pitiful succession of inadequate kings, the Normans
found themselves more and more easy Overlords of any and all
Scots Kings. Normans began to take lands in lowland Scotland
much as they did in Ireland.
Grew up in exile in England. 1st Scots king to speak English as
his primary tongue.

Records not imported into INDI (individual) Gramps ID I2204:

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Skipped subordinate line Line 50127: 4 TEXT Date of Import: Aug 7, 2000