Click to enlarge/reduce the GenoMap image Hide this GenoMap frame

Family Subtree Diagram : ..Elizabeth Stewart (1437)X

PLEASE NOTE: If you do not see a GRAPHIC IMAGE of a family tree here but are seeing this text instead then it is most probably because the web server is not correctly configured to serve svg pages correctly. see http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/SVG:Server_Configuration for information on how to correctly configure a web server for svg files. ? Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Biological Child Biological Child Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Parent Biological Child (seven children) (a child) (a child) (two children) (seven children) (seven children) (a child) (a child) (a child) (two children) (a child) (a child) (four children) (two children) 1168 Agatha de Ferrers 1190 - 1236 Joan Plantagenet 45 45 1205 Angharad verch Llewelyn 1209 Dafydd ap Llywelyn Fawr 1234 Helen verch Llewelyn 1215 Tegwared- Y- Baiswen Gwenllian verch Ednyfed ap Cynwrig 1236 Llywelyn ap Gruffydd 1129 - 1176 Iowerth Drwyndwn ap Owain 47 47 1148 Marared verch Madog 1166 - 1216 John Plantagenet of England 49 49 Signed the Magna Charta
Ruled 1199-1216

---

Signed the Magna Carta in 1215. Reigned 1199-1216.

King John (December 24, 1167 - October 19, 1216) was King of England from 1199 to 1216. He was the youngest brother of King Richard I who was known as "Richard the Lionheart". Nicknames are "Lackland" (in French, sans terre) and "Soft-sword".

John is best known for angering the barons to rebellion, so that they forced him to agree to the Magna Carta in 1215, and then signing England over to the Pope to get out of the promises he made in that Great Charter. The truth, however, is that he was no better or worse a king than his immediate predecessor or his successor (which is still not much of a compliment).

Born at Oxford, he was the fifth son of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and was always his father's favourite son, though being the youngest, he could expect no inheritance (hence his nickname, "Lackland"). In 1189 he married Isabel, daughter of the Earl of Gloucester. (She is given several alternative names by history, including Hawise (or Avice), Joan, and Eleanor.) They had no children, and John had their marriage annulled on the grounds of consanguinity, some time before or shortly after his accession to the throne, which took place on April 6, 1199. (She then married Hubert de Burgh).

Before his accession, John had already acquired a reputation for treachery, having conspired sometimes with and sometimes against his elder brothers, Henry, Geoffrey and Richard. In 1184, John and Richard both claimed that they were the rightful heir to the Aquitaine, one of many unfriendly encounters between the two. The 1185 though, John was given rule over Ireland, whose people grew to despise him, causing John to leave after only six months. During Richard's absence on crusade, John attempted to overthrow his designated regent, despite having been forbidden by his brother to leave France. This was one reason the older legend of Hereward the Wake was updated to King Richard's reign, with "Prince John" as the ultimate villain and the hero now called "Robin Hood". However, on his return to England in 1194, Richard forgave John and named him as his heir.

On Richard's death, John was not universally recognised as king. His young nephew, Arthur of Brittany, the posthumous son of his brother Geoffrey, was regarded by some as the rightful heir, and John eventually disposed of him around 1203, thus adding to his reputation for ruthlessness. In the meantime, he had married, on August 24, 1200, Isabella of Angouleme, who was twenty years his junior. Isabella eventually produced five children, including two sons (Henry and Richard). At around this time John also married off his illegitimate daughter, Joan, to the Welsh prince, Llywelyn the Great, building an alliance in the hope of keeping peace within England and Wales so that he would be free to recover his French lands. The French king had declared most of these forfeit in 1204, leaving John only Gascony in the southwest.

As far as the administration of his kingdom went, John was quite a just and enlightened ruler, but he won the disapproval of the barons by taxing them. Particularly unpopular was the tax known as scutage, which was a penalty for those who failed to supply military resources. He also fell out with the Pope by rejecting Stephen Langton, the official candidate for the position of Archbishop of Canterbury. This resulted in John's being excommunicated. He was having much the same kind of dispute with the church as his father had had before him. Unfortunately, his excommunication was an encouragement to his political rivals to rise against him. Having successfully put down the Welsh uprising of 1211, he turned his attentions back to his overseas interests and regained the approval of Pope Innocent III.

The European wars culminated in a defeat which forced the king to accept an unfavourable peace with France. This finally turned the barons against him, and he met their leaders at Runnymede, near London, on June 15, 1215, to sign the Great Charter called, in Latin, Magna Carta. Because it had been signed under duress, however, John felt entitled to break it as soon as hostilities had ceased. It was the following year that John, retreating from a threatened French invasion, crossed the marshy area known as The Wash in East Anglia and lost his most valuable treasures, including the Crown Jewels, as a result of the unexpected incoming tide. This was a terrible blow, which affected his health and state of mind, and he succumbed to dysentery, dying on October 18 or October 19, 1216, at Newark in Lincolnshire*, and is buried in Worcester Cathedral in the city of Worcester. He was succeeded by his nine-year-old son as King Henry III of England.

*Footnote: Newark is now within the County of Nottinghamshire, close to its long boundary with Lincolnshire.

Was King John illiterate?

For a long time, school children have been taught that King John had to approve the Magna Carta by attaching his seal to it because he could not sign it, being unable to read or write. The textbooks that said that were the same kind that said Christopher Columbus wanted to prove the earth was round. Whether the original authors of these errors knew better and oversimplified because they were writing for children, or whether they had been misinformed themselves, the result was generations of adults who remembered mainly two things about "wicked King John," and both of them wrong. (The other one being that if Robin Hood had not stepped in, Prince John would have embezzled the money raised to ransom King Richard.) In fact, King John did sign the draft of the Charter that was hammered out in the tent on Charter Island at Runnymede on 15 - 18 June 1215, but it took the clerks and scribes working in the royal offices some time after everyone went home to prepare the final copies, which were then sealed and delivered to the appropriate officials. In those days, legal documents were sealed to make them official, not signed. (Even today, many legal documents are not considered effective without the seal of a notary public or corporate official, and printed legal forms such as deeds say "L.S." next to the signature lines. That stands for the Latin locus signilli ("place of the seal"), signifying that the signer is using a signature as a substitute for a seal.) When William the Conqueror (and his wife) signed the Accord of Winchester in 1072, for example, they and all the bishops signed with crosses, as illiterate people would later do, but it was because it was the legal practice, not because the bishops could not write their own names.

Henry II had at first intended for his son Prince John to be educated to go into the Church, which would have meant Henry did not have to give him any land, but in 1171 Henry began negotiations to betroth John to the daughter of Count Humbert III of Maurienne-Savoy (who had no son yet and so wanted a son-in-law), and after that there was no more talk of making John a churchman. John's parents were both well educated -- Henry II spoke some half dozen languages, and Eleanor of Aquitaine had attended lectures at what was about to become the University of Paris, in addition to what they had been taught of law and government, religion, and literature -- and John was one of the best educated kings England ever had. Some of the books the records show he read were: De Sacramentis Christianae Fidei by Hugh of St. Victor, Sentences by Peter Lombard, The Treatise of Origen, and a history of England that was probably Robert Wace's Roman de Brut, based on Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae.
 1205 De Meschines 1210 - 1263 Margred Verch Llwelyn 53 53 1437 - 1510 Elizabeth Stewart 73 73 1400 - 1463 John Stewart 63 63 1432 Janet Campbell 1379 - 1449 Robert Stewart 70 70 1368 Margaret Stewart 1415 Agnes Stewart 1402 Walter Stewart 1404 Alan Stewart 1406 David Stewart 1407 Stewart 1408 Robert Stewart 1340 - 1420 Robert Stewart 80 80 1334 - 1372 Margaret Graham 38 38 1370 Isobel Stewart 1366 Mary Stewart 1362 Murdock Stewart 1375 Marjory Stewart 1360 Beatrix Stewart 1364 Janet Stewart 1302 - 1347 John Graham 45 45 Notes from www.stirnet.com

Sir John Graham, 9th Earl of Menteith (d c06.03.1346-7)
BP1934 merely identifies this son as Sir John, living in 1317. TSP (identifying him as a younger son of Sir Patrick by Annabella of Strathearn) reports a suggestion that he was the Sir John who became Earl of Menteith through his marriage.
m. (before 05.1334) Mary Stewart, Countess of Menteith (dau of Alan, 7th Earl of Mentieth)
 1306 Mary Stewart D. 1308 Alan Stewart 1260 Marjorie of Fife D. 1300 Alexander Stewart Maud 1208 - 1266 Malcolm of Fife 58 58 1250 Colbán of Fife 1185 Alice Corbet 1175 Duncan of Fife 1160 Walter Corbet 1165 Alice de Valognes 1125 - 1165 Simon Corbet 40 40 1156 Alice Corbet 1159 Roger Corbet 1135 - 1219 William de Valognes 84 84 1138 1175 Sibyl de Valognes 1206 - 1253 Elen ferch Llewelyn 47 47 1151 - 1222 Robert Corbet 71 71 In 1086 the manor was held of Earl Roger by Alnod. It later belonged to the Corbet family of Shropshire, who were no doubt enfeoffed by Earl Roger or one of his sons before their earldom of Shrewsbury was forfeited in 1102. William Corbet held a knight's fee of the honor of Wallingford in 1166, (fn. 58) and Robert Corbet of Caus (Salop) held Dawley as one fee in 1212. (fn. 59) William son of Ranulf of Whitchurch (Salop) was Robert Corbet's attorney in litigation about woodland in Dawley in 1199, (fn. 60) and in 1235 Maud of Whitchurch (de Albo Mona sterio, or de Blancmuster) held the fee in Dawley.

Note:

From: 'Harlington: Manors', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 3: Shepperton, Staines, Stanwell, Sunbury, Teddington, Heston and Isleworth, Twickenham, Cowley, Cranford, West Drayton, Greenford, Hanwell, Harefield and Harlington
(1962), pp. 261-67. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=22361. Date accessed: 06 September 2007.
 1173 - 1240 Llewelyn ap Iorweth 67 67 He was a Prince of Gwynedd and eventually ruler of much of Wales. Although he is often referred to as a Prince of Wales, his official title was "Prince of Aberffraw and Lord of Snowdonia" (the first "official" Prince of Wales was his son, Dafydd). He was also known as Llywelyn the Great or, in Welsh, Llywelyn Fawr.
Llywelyn was born in 1173, possibly at Dolwyddelan, the grandson of Owain Gwynedd. Little is known about his father Iorwerth Drwyndwn, who may have died when Llywelyn was an infant. Gwynedd was ruled by his uncles Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd and Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd, but by 1188 the young Llywelyn was already in arms against them. In 1194, with the aid of his cousins Gruffydd and Maredydd ap Cynan, he defeated Dafydd in a battle at the mouth of the river Conwy. Rhodri died in 1195 and in 1197 Llywelyn captured Dafydd and expelled him from Gwynedd to spend the remainder of his life in England. Llywelyn went on to capture the castle of Mold in 1199.
He consolidated this conquest in 1205 by marrying Joan of England, illegitimate daughter of King John of England. His main rival in Wales was Gwenwynwyn ab Owain of Powys. When Gwenwynwyn fell out with King John in 1208, Llywelyn took advantage of the situation to annex southern Powys and northern Ceredigion. In 1210 however relations between Llywelyn and King John deteriorated, and John restored Gwenwynwyn to the rule of southern Powys. In 1211 John invaded Gwynedd and Llywelyn was forced to come to terms, losing all his lands east of the river Conwy. In alliance with other Welsh princes, Llywelyn was able to recover many of these lands in 1212 and took the castles of Deganwy and Rhuddlan in 1213. Llywelyn allied himself with the barons who forced John to sign the Magna Carta. He had now established himself as the leader of the independent princes of Wales and captured Cardigan and Cilgerran. At Aberdyfi in 1216 he held what could be regarded as a Welsh parliament to adjudicate on the territorial claims of the lesser princes. Gwenwynwn of Powys allied himself with King John the same year, but was again driven from southern Powys by Llywelyn, this time for good.
Following King John's death Llywelyn concluded a treaty, the Peace of Worcester, with his successor Henry III whereby he was confirmed in possession of all his recent conquests. From then until his death Llywelyn was a dominant force in Wales, though there were further outbreaks of hostilities with marcher lords such as Hubert de Burgh and sometimes with the king. Llywelyn was a notable castle builder, his castles at Deganwy and Castell y Bere being among the best examples.
Llywelyn's marriage to Joan has an unusual history. Following the birth of a legitimate heir, Dafydd ap Llywelyn, and a daughter, Elen (who was married off to the Norman Earl of Chester), Joan committed adultery with William de Braose or Breos, a Norman noble of south Wales who had allied himself with Llywelyn by the marriage of his daughter, Isabella, to Llywelyn's son, Dafydd. On learning of the affair in 1230, Llywelyn executed de Braose and Joan was imprisoned. Some time later, she was forgiven and restored to her position as princess, dying in 1237. Llywelyn himself died in 1240 and was buried at the abbey of Aberconwy. His stone coffin can be seen in Llanrwst parish church.
In his later years Llywelyn had devoted much effort to ensuring that his only legitimate son Dafydd would inherit the whole of Gwynedd, rather than dividing it with his older but illegitimate brother, Gruffydd who according to Welsh law had equal rights of inheritance. Llywelyn had departed from tradition by naming Dafydd as his sole heir, as he recognised the Welsh custom of dividing inheritance equally amongst all male sons prevented a cohesive polity from forming, preventing a united Wales. Gruffydd was killed attempting to escape from the Tower of London in 1244, leaving the field clear for Dafydd, but Dafydd himself died without heirs in 1246, and was eventually succeeded by his nephew, Gruffydd's son, Llywelyn the Last.
(Wikipedia)
 Generated by GenoPro®. Click here for details.