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Family Subtree Diagram : ..Alphonso of Castile (1155)

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The count, Don Garc a, was about to be married to Do a Sancha, sister and presumed heiress of Bermudo, king of León, but was assassinated as he was entering the church of San Juan Bautista in León by a party of Castilian nobles, exiles from their own country, who had taken refuge in Leon.

Ferdinand now married Sancha instead. He reigned in Castile with the title of king from 1033. In 1038, when his father-in-law Bermudo was killed in battle with Ferdinand at Tamaron, Ferdinand took possession of León as well, by right of his wife. He overran the Moorish section of Galicia, and set up his vassal as count in what is now northern Portugal. With northern Spain consolidated, Ferdinand, in 1056, proclaimed himself emperor of Hispania. The use of the title was resented by the emperor Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor supported by Pope Victor II in 1055, as implying a claim to the headship of Christendom, and as a usurpation on the Holy Roman Empire. It did not, however, mean more than that the sovereign of León was the chief of the princes of the peninsula, and that Spain was independent of the Empire.

Although Ferdinand had grown in power by this strife with Bermudo of León, and though at a later date he defeated and killed his brother García of Navarre, he ranks high among the kings of Spain who have been counted religious. To a large extent he may have owed this reputation to the military victories over the Moors, in which he initiated the period of the Christian reconquest of the peninsula.

But there can be no doubt that Ferdinand was profoundly pious. Towards the close of his reign he sent a special embassy to Seville to bring back the body of Santa Justa. The then king of Seville, Motadhid, one of the local princes who had divided the caliphate of Cordova, was himself a sceptic and poisoner, but he stood in wholesome awe of the power of the Christian king. He favoured the embassy in every way, and when the body of Santa Justa could not be found, helped the envoys, who were also aided by a vision seen by one of them in a dream, to discover the body of Isidore of Seville instead. The Doctor's body was reverently carried away to León, where the church of San Juan Bautista was reconsecrated to receive the relics.

Ferdinand died on the feast of Saint John the Evangelist, June 24 1065, in León, with many manifestations of ardent piety, having laid aside his crown and royal mantle, dressed in the robe of a monk and lying on a bier covered with ashes, which was placed before the altar of the church of Saint Isidore. 1013 - 1067 Sancha de Leon 54 54 Sancho Jiminez 0985 - 1035 Sancho Jiminez 50 50 Sancho III Jimeno (The Great) of Navarre (c. 985-October 18 1035) was born to Garcia the Tremulous of Pamplona and Jimena Fernandez. He ascended the throne in 1004, inheriting Navarre, Aragon, Sobrarbe and Ribagorza. Having gone further than any previous Christian monarchs in uniting the principalities of Spain, his life's work was undone, from a modern point-of-view, when he divided his domains shortly before his death, like any feudal lord, to provide for his sons.

With his nephew, king Alfonso V of Leon and Count Garconchez of Castile, he led a combined attack against Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir (died 1002; "Almanzor" among the Christians), conquering further territories in the south.

Relation between the three Christian entities soured after the assassination of Count Garcia in 1027. In the ensuing hostilities Sancho occupied first Castile and later on, Leon.

This was the height of his rule which extended from the borders of Galicia in the west to the county of Barcelona in the east and he styled himself Rex Hispaniarum, "King of the Spains". Sancho was married to Mu a Mayor S nchez, daughter of count Sancho I of Castile. Besides four legitimate sons he also fathered one by his mistress Sancha de Aybar. Before his death in 1035 Sancho divided his possessions among his sons. Fernando got Castile, Garc a received Navarre and the Basque country and Gonzalo got Sobrarbe y Ribagorza. The illegitimate son Ramiro obtained the county of Aragon, which was elevated to a kingdom. Munia Elvira Sanchez D. 1000 Garcia of Pamplona Ancestor of the Queens of England, France, and Sicily, and Queen of the Romans, daughters of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence and Beatrice of Savoy.

Sometimes García II, III, IV or V (died 1000-1004), called the Trembling, the Tremulous, or the Trembler. D. 1035 Jimena Fernandez de Cea 0996 - 1028 Alfonso de Leon 32 32 Sources:

   1. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1206, 1196
   2. Abbrev: Pullen010502.FTW
      Title: Pullen010502.FTW
      Note:
      Call number:
      Text: Date of Import: Jan 5, 2002
   3. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1196
      Text: b 996
   4. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1196
      Text: d 05 May 1028
   5. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1206
      Text: no date
   6. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1196
      Text: m 1014  0991 - 1022 Elvira Menendez de Goncalves 31 31 Ximenia de Leon 0953 - 0999 Vermundo de Leon 46 46 0951 - 1017 Elvira de Castile 66 66 0926 - 0955 Ordo de Leon 29 29 0900 - 0951 Ramiro de Leon 51 51 0873 - 0924 Ordo of Asturias, Leon and Galicia 51 51 0830 - 0866 Ordoño of Asturias and Galicia 36 36 Sources:

   1. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1534
      Text: no parents
   2. Abbrev: Pullen010502.FTW
      Title: Pullen010502.FTW
      Note:
      Call number:
      Text: Date of Import: Jan 5, 2002  0827 Munia D. 0870 Munio de Asturias Leodegundis de Asturias Odoarioa de Asturias Fruela de Asturias Vermundo de Asturias 0790 - 0850 Ramiro of Asturias 60 60 0798 Uracca of Castile 0750 - 0797 Vermundo of Asturias 47 47 0760 Ursinda Munilona Atulphez 0730 - 0765 Fruela de Cantabria 35 35 0718 Vimara of Asturias 0738 - 0797 Bermudo of Asturias 59 59 0670 Pedro of Cantabria 0693 Alfonso of Asturias 0646 - 0687 Ervik of the Visigoths 41 41 0633 Liubigotona Balthes of the Visigoths 0640 Cixillo of the Visigoths 0590 - 0652 Ardabast of the Visigoths 62 62 0627 Flavia Glausuinda Tavira of the Visigoths 0610 Ervigio of Asturias 0570 Athanagild of the Visigoths 0573 Flavia Juliana 0529 - 0586 Leovigild of the Visigoths 57 57 Leovigild (reigned 569/572 - April 21, 586) was one of the more effective Visigothic kings of Spain, the restorer of Visigothic unity, ruling from his capital newly established at Toledo, where he settled towards the end of his reign. (The Iberian Visigothic monarchy is sometimes called the "Kingdom of Toledo".) The capital at Toledo, established in the previous reign, marked the first move inland of a center of culture from the Mediterranean coast or the southern Tartessus. Leovigild and his brother were declared co-kings in 568 after a short period of anarchy which followed the death of King Athanagild, whose widow, Goisvintha, he married, his first wife, Theodosia, mother of his sons, having died. Leova, who was favored by the Visigoth nobles, ruled the Visigothic lands north of the Pyrenees, until his death in 572. Leovigild began his sole reign of the reunited Visigoth territories by seizing the Byzantine-ruled city of Córdoba, where the Byzantines had recently answered Athanagild's call for help by establishing a stretch of Byzantine territory in the southeast of the Iberian peninsula. Leovigild also ousted the Germanic Suevi from their strongholds at Léon and Zamora, thus enlarging his kingdom to the north and west as well, but for another generation the Eastern Roman emperor retained a base in southeastern Spain, which retained its old Roman name of Hispania Baetica.

Leovigild further reinforced possibilities of a peaceful future succession, a perennial Visigothic issue, by associating his two sons, Hermenegild and Reccared, with himself in the kingly office and placing certain regions under their regencies. Hermenegild, the elder, he married to a Frankish princess Inguthis|Ingund, daughter of King Sigebert I, the Austrasian king at Metz.

The Visigoths were still a military aristocracy in the peninsula, and Arianism was still the royal religion. New monarchs had to be ratified by the nobles, even though this was merely a form. Visigoths and their subjects were still separately governed according to two distinct law codes. During Leovigild's reign, Leander, an Ibero-Roman who was Catholic bishop of Seville, together with the princess Ingunthis, convinced her husband Hermenegild, the eldest son of Leovigild, to convert to Catholic Christianity, and defended the convert in an uprising (583 - 584 CE) that occasioned his father's reprisals. Leovigild was not in general a bitter foe of the Catholic Christians, although he was obliged to punish them when they conspired against him with his external enemies. He ruled in part through the local prestige of the Catholic bishops, some of whose sees had almost four centuries' standing. For the Arian monarch, Catholicism was the religion of his Roman subjects, and Arianism was a rallying-point to counter his Byzantine enemies in the south; conversion was a preamble to treason. After besieging and taking Byzantine Seville, Leovigild took his son prisoner in C rdoba, and banished him safely north to Valencia, where he was murdered by Leovigild's agents (585)- and later canonized as Saint Hermenegild by Sixtus IV at the urging of Philip the Catholic. The Frankish princess was delivered to the Eastern Emperor Tiberius II Constantine and was last heard of in Africa. Leovigild had exiled the troublesome bishop, too, who spent the years before Hermenegild's rebellion, 579 to 582, at the court of Byzantium; the Roman Catholic Church has canonized him as Saint Leander of Seville. Gregory the Great gives some vivid details of Byzantine venality and Arian fanaticism in a highly colored Catholicizing version of these events (Dialogi, III, 31,).

Leovigild's last year was troubled by open war with the Franks along his northernmost borders.

The Visigoths in Spain considered themselves the heirs of Western Roman imperial power, not its enemies. Until Leovigild's reign, the Visigoths minted coins that imitated the imperial coinage of Byzantium which circulated from Byzantine possessions in Baetica. From the reign of Leovigild onwards however, the Visigoth kingdom issued coarse coinage of its own designs. While facing the rebellion in southern Spain, Leovigild struck an issue of tremisses with a cross on steps on the reverse, a design which had been introduced for the very first time on Byzantine solidi by emperor Tiberius II (578-582 CE).

City-oriented Ibero-Roman culture continued to erode during Leovigild's reign. There evolved in Visigothic Spain the new post-Imperial pattern of regional and local overlordship based upon regional dukes (duces), who were military leaders, and lords of smaller districts or territories called counts (comes). A similar evolution was taking place in Italy, and, more slowly, in the East as well. The new ducal administrations tended to coincide with the old Roman provinces, and the territories of the counts with the old cities and their small hinterlands.

With the death of Leovigild, his other son Reccared, who had converted to Catholicism in 589, brought religious and political unity to link the Visigoths with their subjects. But the Catholicizing of Visigothic Spain encouraged the rise of the bishops and the decline of the institution of kingship itself. In 633 a synod of bishops at Toledo usurped the nobles' right to confirm the election of a king. With loyalties transferred to the local bishop, as both inspiration and the fount of patronage, when the Moors threatened in the 8th century, wider-scale resistance could not be coordinated, and the bishoprics collapsed one after another.

Perhaps Leovigild was correct in perceiving Arianism as the bastion of Visigothic kingship. 0526 Theodosia of Carthage 0554 Reccared of the Visigoths 0540 Pedro Augusto 0510 Paulus of Arabisso 0600 - 0653 Chinaswind of the Visigoths 53 53 0596 Rikiberga 0629 Favila of Cantabria 0584 - 0633 Swinthila of the Visigoths 49 49 0585 Theodora of the Visigoths 0615 Luibigooa of the Visigoths 0698 - 0739 Hermesinda Balthes of Asturias 41 41 Atulpho Coimbra 0700 Isisbuto of Coimbra 0670 - 0711 Wittica of the Visigoths 41 41 0655 - 0701 Egicca of the Visigoths 46 46 0762 - 0800 Diego Rodriguez of Castile 38 38 0770 Paterna of Castile Roderigo Frolaz 0744 Sancha Gundemarez 0650 Pedro of Cantabria 0680 Hermensinda Pelayez D. 0737 Pelayo of Asturias 0685 Gaudiosa 1011 - 1076 Robert Capet- Burgundy 65 65 1016 Helie de Semur-en- Brionais 1049 Hildegarde of France 0970 - 1032 Damas de Semur-en- Brionais 62 62 0980 Aremburge de Vergy 0946 - 1002 Henry de Vergy 56 56 1133 - 1158 Blanche of Narvarre Jiminez 25 25 Gutina de Castile 0755 Uzenda Numila de Coimbra 0910 - 0970 Fernan Gonzalez de Lara 60 60 Ancestor of Eleanor of Castile, Queen of King Edward I. D. 0932 Gonzalo Fernandez de Castile & Burgos Sources:

   1. Abbrev: University of Hull Royal Database (England)
      Title: Brian Tompsett, Dept of Computer Science, University of Hull Royal Database (England) (copyright 1994, 1995, 1996)base (England)base (England). copyright 1994, 1995, 1996.
      Note:
      Call number:

      usually reliable but sometimes includes hypothetical lines, mythological figures, etc

      WWW, University of Hull, Hull, UK HU6 7RX bct@tardis.ed.ac.uk
      Text: no title
   2. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1532
      Text: no parents
   3. Abbrev: Pullen010502.FTW
      Title: Pullen010502.FTW
      Note:
      Call number:
      Text: Date of Import: Jan 5, 2002
   4. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1532
      Text: d aft 919
   5. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1532
      Text: no date/place  D. 5 Aug 935 Muniadomna de Castile D. 1031 Toda Garcez de Castile Oneca Garcez de Castile D. 1007 Urraca Fernanda de Castile Gonzalo Fernandez Sancho Fernandez Nuno Fernandez de Castile Sources:

   1. Abbrev: University of Hull Royal Database (England)
      Title: Brian Tompsett, Dept of Computer Science, University of Hull Royal Database (England) (copyright 1994, 1995, 1996)base (England)base (England). copyright 1994, 1995, 1996.
      Note:
      Call number:

      usually reliable but sometimes includes hypothetical lines, mythological figures, etc

      WWW, University of Hull, Hull, UK HU6 7RX bct@tardis.ed.ac.uk
   2. Abbrev: Pullen010502.FTW
      Title: Pullen010502.FTW
      Note:
      Call number:
      Text: Date of Import: Jan 5, 2002  Munia Fernandez Fronilda Fernandez Ramiro Gonzalez de Castile Fernando Nunez Sources:

   1. Abbrev: Pullen010502.FTW
      Title: Pullen010502.FTW
      Note:
      Call number:
      Text: Date of Import: Jan 5, 2002  Nunio Fernandez de Amaya de Castile D. 0860 Nunio Nunez de Branosera Argilo 0870 - 0925 Sancho Garces 55 55 Sources:

   1. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1531
      Text: K of Navarre, s of Garcia Iñiguez K of Pamplona & Urraca de Aragón
   2. Abbrev: University of Hull Royal Database (England)
      Title: Brian Tompsett, Dept of Computer Science, University of Hull Royal Database (England) (copyright 1994, 1995, 1996)base (England)base (England). copyright 1994, 1995, 1996.
      Note:
      Call number:

      usually reliable but sometimes includes hypothetical lines, mythological figures, etc

      WWW, University of Hull, Hull, UK HU6 7RX bct@tardis.ed.ac.uk
      Text: s of García Inigo Jiménez Prince of Navarre & Oneca Rebelle de Sanguesa
   3. Abbrev: Pullen010502.FTW
      Title: Pullen010502.FTW
      Note:
      Call number:
      Text: Date of Import: Jan 5, 2002
   4. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1531
      Text: d 925  0874 Urraca Anzarez de Aragon 0919 Garcia Sanchez D. 0885 Garcia Inigo Jiminez Note:

    [Pullen010502.FTW]

    Sources dont say which wife is the mother of who. See Europäisch Stammtafeln Bund II tafel 43.

Sources:

   1. Abbrev: Pullen010502.FTW
      Title: Pullen010502.FTW
      Note:
      Call number:
      Text: Date of Import: Jan 5, 2002
   2. Abbrev: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Nevill
      Title: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler, Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville (published by author 1978)evilleeville. published by author 1978.
      Note:
      Call number:

      J.H. Garner
      Page: chart 1531
      Text: d 887  Oneca Rebelle de Sanguesa Jimena Garcia de Navarre Jimeno Garces of Pamplona 0812 - 0893 Aznar Galindo de Aragon 81 81 0792 - 0867 Galindo Aznarez de Aragon 75 75 Guldregut of Aragon 1026 - 1086 Guillaume of Acquitaine 60 60 1067 - 1107 Raymond de Macon 40 40 1069 Guido of Burgundy 1155 - 1214 Alphonso of Castile 58 58 Alfonso VIII (November 11, 1155 - October 5, 1214), king of Castile only, and grandson of Alfonso VII, is a great name in Spanish history, for he led the coalition of Christian princes and foreign crusaders who broke the power of the Almohades at the battle of the Navas de Tolosa in 1212.

His personal history is that of many medieval kings. He succeeded to the throne, in infancy, on the death of his father, Sancho. Though proclaimed king, he was regarded as a mere name by the unruly nobles to whom a minority was convenient. The devotion of a squire of his household, who carried him on the pommel of his saddle to the stronghold of San Esteban de Gormaz, saved him from falling into the hands of the contending factions of Castro and Lara, or of his uncle Ferdinand of León, who claimed the regency.

The loyalty of the town of Ávila protected his youth. He was barely fifteen when he came forth to do a man's work by restoring his kingdom to order. It was only by a surprise that he recovered his capital Toledo from the hands of the Laras. His marriage with Leonora of Aquitaine, daughter of Henry II of England, brought him under the influence of the greatest governing intellect of his time. Alfonso VIII was the founder of the first Spanish university, the studium generale of Palencia, which, however, did not survive him.

During his reign, Castile annexed the province of Logroño.

The July 16 1212 battle of Las Navas de Tolosa is considered a major turning point in the history of Medieval Iberia. The forces of King Alfonso VIII of Castile were joined by the armies of his Christian rivals, Sancho VII of Navarre, Peter II of Aragon and Alfonso II of Portugal in battle against the Muslim Almohad rulers of the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula. Caliph al-Nasir led the Almohad army.

The Pope called European knights to a crusade.

The defeat of the Almohads signaled the beginning of a long decline in the power of the Moors in the Iberian Peninsula, and gave further momentum to the Christian Reconquest begun by the kingdoms of northern Iberia centuries before. D. 1092 Constance Capet- Burgundy 0897 - 0959 Sancha de Pamplona 62 62 1137 - 1188 Ferdinand of Castile 51 51 0646 - 0687 Ervik of the Visigoths 41 41 0615 Luibigooa of the Visigoths Nuno Alfonsez de Amaya D. 1122 Alberada de Macon 1020 Amorie de St. Jean France Manor de Arbitot Came with 4 sons as Companion in arms with William the Conqueror 0497 - 0531 Clotilda Franks 34 34 0563 - 0586 Ingunda of Austrasia 23 23 0492 - 0531 Amalaric of the Ostrogoths 39 39 0986 - 1057 Renaud de Macon 71 71 1020 - 1087 William de Macon 67 67 William I (1020 – 1087), called the Great (le Grand or Tête Hardie) was Count of Burgundy and Mâcon from 1057 to 1087. He was a son of Renaud I and Adelaide, daughter of Richard II of Normandy. William was the father of several notable children, including Pope Callistus II.
In 1057, he succeeded his father and reigned over a territory larger than that of the Franche-Comté itself. In 1087, he died in Besançon and was buried there in the cathedral of St John.
William married Stephanie of Longwy and had several children
(Wikipedia)
 0848 Alfonso of Asturias and Galicia 0812 Oneca de Pamplona 1035 - 1074 Henry Capet- Burgundy 39 39 He died shortly before his father and failed to succeed in Burgundy.

HENRY who died during his father's life in 1066; married Sibylle, daughter of Renaud, Count of Burgundy.
(Fenwick Allied Ancestry, page 98)
 1060 Ermentrude of Burgundy 1061 Renaud of Burgundy 1065 Stephen of Burgundy 1071 Adelaide of Burgundy 1072 Bertha of Burgundy 1073 Eudes of Burgundy 1074 Hugh of Burgundy 1076 Stephanie of Burgundy 1075 Clemence of Burgundy 0990 - 1017 Aelis Adelaide of Normandy 27 27 0940 - 1000 Geoffrey de Semur 60 60 0970 - 1010 Maud de Chalons 40 40 Lambert de Semur Thibault de Semur Geoffrey de Donzy Ella de Semur 0918 - 0956 Arlebuud de Semur 38 38 0930 - 0976 Adelaide of Vermandois 46 46 # Note:

Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 118-20

Title: The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968
Page: 6, 10, 80 0924 - 0978 Lambert de Chalons 54 54 Elizabeth Chalons 0898 Robert d' Autun 0900 Ingeltrude 0830 - 0920 Galindo Asnarez 90 90 0763 - 0812 Centuelle of Gascony 49 49 Adelino of Gascony 0640 Cixillo of the Visigoths 1062 - 1102 Etienne de Bourgogne 40 40 0902 - 0970 Ramon of Ribagerza 68 68 0996 - Deceased Ordono Bermudez De LEÓN CHAN7 Oct 2004 0930 - 0970 Ava of Ribagorza 40 40 CHAN7 Oct 2004

CHAN7 Oct 2004 0931 - 0995 Garcia Fernandez of Castile 64 64 CHAN7 Oct 2004 0918 Garsende of Fesenzac CHAN7 Oct 2004 0950 - 7 FEB 1016/1017 Sancho Garcia of Castile CHAN7 Oct 2004 0830 - 0876 Galindo Aznarez of Aragon 46 46 0895 Raoul de Dijon D. 0870 Eudes de Troyes Wandilmode of Worms D. 0844 Guiquin de Soissons D. ~0844 of Orleans Aleran Worms 0935 - 0994 Sancho of Pamplona 59 59 Ancestor of the Queens of England, France, and Sicily, and Queen of the Romans, daughters of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence and Beatrice of Savoy. Andragota Galindez 0890 - 0970 Garcia of Navarre 80 80 Ancestor of the Queens of England, France, and Sicily, and Queen of the Romans, daughters of Raymond Berengar IV of Provence and Beatrice of Savoy. 0830 - 0876 Galindo Aznarez of Aragon 46 46 Sancha Garces of Pamplona Sancha Garces of Pamplona D. 1007 Urraca Fernanda de Castile D. 0978 Fernando Bermudez de Cea Elvira Diaz D. 0958 Bermudo Nunez de Cea D. 0870 Munio de Asturias 1020 - 1054 Garca Sanchez de Njera of Pamplona 34 34 0930 Aragonta Pelaez 0951 - 1017 Elvira de Castile 66 66 0880 - 0960 William of Fezensac 80 80 D. 0985 Odo of Fezensac D. 0995 Bernard of Armagnac Fredelon of Gause 0629 Favila of Cantabria 0693 Alfonso of Asturias 1040 - 1109 Alfonso Jiminez of Castile and Leon 69 69 Alfonso VI (before June 1040 - July 1, 1109), nicknamed the Brave, was king of León from 1065 to 1109 and king of Castile since 1072 after his brother's death. Much romance has gathered round his name.

In the cantar de gesta of the Cid, he plays the part attributed by medieval poets to the greatest kings, and to Charlemagne himself. He is alternately the oppressor and the victim of heroic and self-willed nobles--the idealized types of the patrons for whom the jongleurs and troubadours sang. He is the hero of a cantar de gesta which, like all but a very few of the early Spanish songs, like the cantar of Bernardo del Carpio and the Infantes of Lara, exists now only in the fragments incorporated in the chronicle of Alfonso the Wise or in ballad form.

His flight from the monastery of Sahagun, where his brother Sancho endeavoured to imprison him, his chivalrous friendship for his host Almamun of Toledo, caballero aunque moro, "a knight although a Moor", the passionate loyalty of his vassal Peranzules, and his brotherly love for his sister Urraca of Zamora, may owe something to the poet who took him as a hero.

They are the answer to the poet of the nobles who represented the king as having submitted to taking a degrading oath at the hands of Ruy Diaz de Vivar (El Cid), in the church of Santa Gadea at Burgos, and as having then persecuted the brave man who defied him.

When every allowance is made, Alfonso VI stands out as a strong man fighting as a king whose interest was law and order, and who was the leader of the nation in the reconquest. He impressed himself on the arabs as a very fierce and astute enemy, but as a keeper of his word. A story of Muslim origin, which is probably no more historical than the oath of Santa Gadea, tells of how he allowed himself to be tricked by Ibn Ammar, the favourite of Al Mutamid, the king of Seville. They played chess for an extremely beautiful table and set of men, belonging to Ibn Ammar. Table and men were to go to the king if he won. If Ibn Ammar gained he was to name the stake. The latter did win and demanded that the Christian king should spare Seville. Alfonso kept his word.

Whatever truth may lie behind the romantic tales of Christian and Muslim, we know that Alfonso represented in a remarkable way the two great influences then shaping the character and civilization of Spain.

At the instigation, it is said, of his second wife, Constance of Burgundy, he brought the Cistercian Order into Spain, established them in Sahagun, chose a French Cistercian, Bernard, as the first archbishop of Toledo after the reconquest on May 25, 1085, married his daughters, Urraca the legitimate and Teresa of Leon, the illegitimate, to French princes, and in every way forwarded the spread of French influence -- then the greatest civilizing force in Europe. He also drew Spain nearer to the Papacy, and it was his decision which established the Roman ritual in place of the old missal of Saint Isidore -- the Mozarabic rite.

On the other hand he was very open to Arabic influence. He protected the Muslims among his subjects and struck coins with inscriptions in Arabic letters. After the death of Constance he perhaps married and he certainly lived with Zaida, said to have been a daughter-in-law of Al Mutamid, Muslim king of Seville. Alfonso's wife Isabel, who bore him the only son, Sancho, among his many children, may have been this Zaida, who became a Christian under the name of Maria or Isabel.

Sancho, Alfonso's designated successor, was slain at the battle of Ucles in 1108. 1105 - 1157 Alfonso of Castile 52 52 Alfonso VII of Castile (March 1, 1104/5 - August 21, 1157) , nicknamed the Emperor, was the king of Castile and Leon since 1126, son of Urraca of Castile and Count Raymond (the third?) of Burgundy.

He is a dignified and somewhat enigmatical figure. A vague tradition had always assigned the title of emperor to the sovereign who held Leon as the most direct representative of the Visigoth kings, who were themselves the representatives of the Roman empire. But though given in charters, and claimed by Alfonso VI of Castile and Alfonso of Aragon the Battler, the title had been little more than a flourish of rhetoric.

Alfonso VII was crowned emperor in 1155 after the death of the Battler. The weakness of Aragon enabled him to make his superiority effective. He appears to have striven for the formation of a national unity, which Spain had never possessed since the fall of the Visigoth kingdom. The elements he had to deal with could not be welded together.

Alfonso was at once a patron of the church, and a protector if not a favourer of the Muslims, who formed a large part of his subjects.

His reign ended in an unsuccessful campaign against the rising power of the Almohades. Though he was not actually defeated, his death in the pass of Muradel in the Sierra Morena, while on his way back to Toledo, occurred in circumstances which showed that no man could be what he claimed to be---"king of the men of the two religions." His personal character does not stand out with the emphasis of those of Alfonso VI. or the Battler. Yet he was a great king, the type and to some extent the victim of the confusions of his age--Christian in creed and ambition, but more than half oriental in his household. D. ~1016 Mahaut of Chalons D. 0979 Lambert of Chalons BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Borthwick, Richard, Adelaide wife of Lambert. Posting to soc.genealogy.medieval (email list GEN-MEDIEVAL) on 12/1/1996-170720. Subject: Re: Gerberga, wife of Adalbert (was re. Welfs). Available at http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/1996-12/0849431240. Author address: rgbor at CYLLENE dot UWA dot EDU dot AU.

Brandenburg, Erich, Die Nachkommen Karls des Grossen, Faksimile-Nachdruck von 1935 (Facsimile reproduction of 1935), mit Korrekturen und Erganzungen versehen von (with corrections and additions provided by) Manfred Dreiss und Lupold v. Lehsten. Neustadt an der Aisch:Verlag Degener, 1995. NYPL ATH (Charlemagne) 96-4768.

Farmerie, Todd, Burgundy, Gerberga, Manassas, etc.. Posting to soc.genealogy.medieval (email list GEN-MEDIEVAL) on 5/22/1997-010102. Subject: Burgundy, Gerberga, Manassas, etc.. Available at http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/1997-05/0864277262. Author address: taf2 at PO dot CWRU dot EDU.

Moriarty, G Andrews, Plantagenet Ancestry of King Edward III And Queen Philippa. Salt Lake: Mormon Pioneer Genealogical Society, 1985. LDS Film#0441438. nypl#ARF-86-2555.

Schwennicke, Detlev, ed., Europaische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europaischen Staaten, New Series. II: Die Ausserdeutschen Staaten Die Regierenden Hauser der Ubrigen Staaten Europas. Marburg: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984.

Schwennicke, Detlev, ed., Europaische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europaischen Staaten, New Series. III.1 (#1-#200): Herzogs und Grafenhauser des Heiligen Romischen Reiches Andere Europaische Furstenhauser. Marburg: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984.

Schwennicke, Detlev, ed., Europaische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europaischen Staaten, New Series. III.3 (#401-#600): Andere Grosse Eurpaische Familien, Illegitime Nachkommen Spanischer und Portugiesischer Konigshauser. Marburg: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1985.

Settipani, Christian, Nos Ancetres de L'Antiquite, Etudes des possibilites de liens genealogiques entre les familles de l'Antiquite. Paris: Editions Christian, 1991. NYPL #ARB-93-7430.
RESEARCH NOTES:
Count of Chalons, Viconte of Dijon [Ref: Moriarty Plantagenet p10]

In her discussion of the counts of Chalons CBB [Constance Brittain Bouchard *Sword, Mitre and Cloister: Nobility and the Church in Burgundy, 980-1198* (Ithica NY & London, Cornell University Press, 1987)] says: "Lambert married a woman named Adelaide (*). While there is no evidence of her origins in the sources, scholars have repeatedly tried to tie her to the family of Giselbert, count of Burgundy, both because Giselbert did have a daughter named Adelaide and because they feel a need to explain how Lambert could have LEGITIMATELY** succeeded to Chalon#. I prefer to leave Adelaide's origins unknown; since Lambert's succession to Chalon was recognised by the king, he did not need a hereditary claim by his wife to legitimize his rule(##).
"Lambert died in 978, and his wife Adelaide quickly married Geoffrey Greymantle, count of Anjou. Geoffrey acted as count of Chalon from 979 until his own death in 989 (*). ..." p.307f. * Source regerences. ** She uses italics to make the emphasis # A long footnoted discussion of who has said what on the subject. ## Reference. [Ref: Richard Borthwick SGM 12/1/1996-170720] ~0920 - 0967 Adelais Wera de Chalon 47 47 Hugh of Auxerie Adelheid of Chalons D. >0960 Robert of Auton BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Moriarty, G Andrews, Plantagenet Ancestry of King Edward III And Queen Philippa. Salt Lake: Mormon Pioneer Genealogical Society, 1985. LDS Film#0441438. nypl#ARF-86-2555.

Schwennicke, Detlev, ed., Europaische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europaischen Staaten, New Series. III.3 (#401-#600): Andere Grosse Eurpaische Familien, Illegitime Nachkommen Spanischer und Portugiesischer Konigshauser. Marburg: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1985.
RESEARCH NOTES:
Vicomte of Dijon, Count of Auton [Ref: Moriarty Plantagenet p38] D. >0960 Engeltrude ~0890 - 0956 Giselbert of Burgandy 66 66 Comte De Auxerre

RESEARCH NOTES:
Duke of Burgundy [Ref: ES I.1 #7] Count of Chalons [Ref: ES I.1 #7] Count of Troyes [Ref: ES I.1 #7] Count of Burgandy [Ref: Weis AR7 #118] Count of Chalons and Vergy, Count and Duke of Burgundy [Ref: Moriarty Plantagenet p10] Count of Auton [Ref: ES II #11]

924: appears with his mother Ermengarde in a charter [Ref: Matman SGM 5/20/1997-213605]

942: named with wife Ermengarde in a charter, which also names their daughter Adelaide [Ref: Matman SGM 5/20/1997-213605] ~0893 - 0952 Ermengarde of Burgandy 59 59 D. 0920 Manasses of Vergy, Duxin, and Chalons BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Matman, Ermengardes of Burgundy. Posting to soc.genealogy.medieval (email list GEN-MEDIEVAL) on 5/20/1997-213605. Subject: Re: Wife of Manassas I, C. of Chalon. Available at http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/1997-05/0864131765. Author address: mat_man at HOTMAIL dot COM.

Moriarty, G Andrews, Plantagenet Ancestry of King Edward III And Queen Philippa. Salt Lake: Mormon Pioneer Genealogical Society, 1985. LDS Film#0441438. nypl#ARF-86-2555.

Schwennicke, Detlev, ed., Europaische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europaischen Staaten, New Series. II: Die Ausserdeutschen Staaten Die Regierenden Hauser der Ubrigen Staaten Europas. Marburg: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984.

Schwennicke, Detlev, ed., Europaische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der europaischen Staaten, New Series. III.3 (#401-#600): Andere Grosse Eurpaische Familien, Illegitime Nachkommen Spanischer und Portugiesischer Konigshauser. Marburg: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1985.
RESEARCH NOTES:
Count of Vergy, Duxin, and Chalons [Ref: Moriarty Plantagenet p10] ~0866 - 0935 Ermengarde de Bourgogne 69 69 Ermengarde of Chalon Generated by GenoPro®. Click here for details.