Note: Antiochus III, called The Great (242-187 bc), king of Syria(223-187 bc), the son of Seleucus II and brother of SeleucusIII, whom he succeeded. He was the most distinguished of theSeleucids. Having made vassal states out of Parthia and Bactria,he warred successfully against the Egyptian king Ptolemy V andin 198 bc obtained possession of all of Palestine and Lebanon.He later became involved in a conflict with the Romans, whodefeated him at Thermopylae in 191 bc and at Magnesia (nowManisa, Turkey) in 190 bc. As the price of peace, he was forcedto surrender all his dominions west of the Taurus Mountains andto pay costly tribute. Antiochus, who early in his reign hadrestored the Seleucid Empire, finally forfeited its influence inthe eastern Mediterranean by his failure to recognize the risingpower of Rome.