General Notes

1  NAME Edward /de Plantagenet/
2  SOUR S12573
3  DATA
4  TEXT Date of Import: Jan 8, 2001
1  NAME Edward /Plantagenet/
2  SOUR S12573
3  DATA
4  TEXT Date of Import: Jan 8, 2001
1  NAME Edward /Plantagenet/ I
2  SOUR S09770
3  DATA
4  TEXT Date of Import: Jan 18, 2001
1  BIRT
2  DATE 17 JUN 1239
2  SOUR S12573
3  DATA
4  TEXT Date of Import: Jan 8, 2001
1  BIRT
2  DATE 17 JUN 1239
2  PLAC Westminster, England
2  SOUR S09770
3  DATA
4  TEXT Date of Import: Jan 18, 2001
1  DEAT
2  DATE 7 JUL 1307
2  SOUR S12573
3  DATA
4  TEXT Date of Import: Jan 8, 2001
1  DEAT
2  DATE 7 JUL 1307
2  PLAC Near Carlisle
2  SOUR S09770
3  DATA
4  TEXT Date of Import: Jan 18, 2001
1  DEAT
2  DATE 8 JUL 1307
2  PLAC Burgh By Sands, Combria, England
2  SOUR S12573
3  DATA
4  TEXT Date of Import: Jan 8, 2001


King of England, Crowned in 1272

Nickname: Longshanks

Killed William "Bra veheart" Wallace. He helped to memorialize King Arthur's supposed grave by orde ring that a royal marble tomb be placed on the site..
[New Cunard.ged]


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Edward I

Called Longshanks (1239-1307), king of England (1272-1307), of the house of Pla ntagenet. He was born in Westminster on June 17,1239, the eldest son of King He nry III, and at 15 married Eleanor of Castile. In the struggles of the barons a gainst the crown for constitutional and ecclesiastical reforms, Edward took a v acillating course. When warfare broke out between the crown and the nobility, E dward fought on the side of the king, winning the decisive battle of Evesham in 1285. Five years later he left England to join the Seventh Crusade. Following his father's death in 1272, and while he was still abroad, Edward was recognise d as king by the English barons; in 1273, on his return to England, he was crow ned.

The first years of Edward's reign were a period of the consolidation o f his power. He suppressed corruption in the administration of justice, restric ted the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts to church affairs, and elimin ated the papacy's overlordship over England.

On the refusal of Llewelyn ab Gruffydd, ruler of Wales, to submit to the English crown, Edward began the mili tary conflict that resulted, in 1284, in the annexation of Llewelyn's principal ity to the English crown. In 1290 Edward expelled all Jews from England. War be tween England and France broke out in 1293 as a result of the efforts of France to curb Edward's power in Gascony. Edward lost Gascony in 1293 and did not aga in come into possession of the duchy until 1303. About the same year in which h e lost Gascony, the Welsh rose in rebellion.

Greater than either of these p roblems was the disaffection of the people of Scotland. In agreeing to arbitrat e among the claimants to the Scottish throne, Edward, in 1291, had exacted as a prior condition the recognition by all concerned of his overlordship of Scotla nd. The Scots later repudiated him and made an alliance with France against Eng land. To meet the critical situations in Wales and Scotland, Edward summoned a parliament, called the Model Parliament by historians because it was a represen tative body and in that respect was the forerunner of all future parliaments. A ssured by Parliament of support at home, Edward took the field and suppressed t he Welsh insurrection. In 1296, after invading and conquering Scotland, he decl ared himself king of that realm. In 1298 he again invaded Scotland to suppress the revolt led by Sir William Wallace. In winning the Battle of Falkirk in 1298 , Edward achieved the greatest military triumph of his career, but he failed to crush Scottish opposition.

The conquest of Scotland became the ruling pass ion of his life. He was, however, compelled by the nobles, clergy, and commons to desist in his attempts to raise by arbitrary taxes the funds he needed for c ampaigns. In 1299 Edward made peace with France and married Margaret, sister of King Philip Ill of France. Thus freed of war, he again undertook the conquest of Scotland in 1303. Wallace was captured and executed in 1305. No sooner had E dward established his government in Scotland, however, than a new revolt broke out and culminated in the coronation of Robert Bruce as king of Scotland. In 13 07 Edward set out for the third time to subdue the Scots, but he died en route near Carlisle on July 7, 1307. "Edward I,"