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Family Subtree Diagram : Descendants of Guillaume of York (1110)

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster (January 16, 1245 – June 5, 1296) was the second surviving son of Eleanor of Provence and King Henry III of England.

Childhood
Edmund was born in London. He was a younger brother of Edward I of England, Margaret of England, and Beatrice of England, and an older brother of Katherine of England.

In 1253 he was invested by Pope Innocent IV in the Kingdom of Sicily and Apulia. At about this time he was also made Earl of Chester. These were of little value as Conrad IV of Germany, the real King of Sicily, was still living and the Earldom of Chester was transferred to his elder brother Edward.


[edit] Political career
Edmund soon obtained, however, important possessions and dignities, for soon after the forfeiture of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester in 1265, Edmund received the Earldom of Leicester and of Lancaster and also the honour of the Stewardship of England and the lands of Nicolas de Segrave. In 1267 he was granted the lordship of Builth Wells in opposition to the then holder, Llywelyn ap Gruffydd. To help him conquer the land he was also granted his elder brother's lordships of the Trilateral of Skenfrith, Grosmont and White Castle together with Monmouth.

In 1271 he accompanied his elder brother Edward on the Ninth Crusade to Palestine. Some historians, including the authors of the Encyclopedia Britannica article on him, state that it was because of this that he received the nickname Crouchback (which they say means "cross back") indicating that he was entitled to wear a cross on his back.

On his return from the Crusade he seems to have made Grosmont Castle his favoured home and undertook much rebuilding there. His son Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster was apparently born there in 1281.

Family
Edmund was married twice, first on 8 April 1269 to Lady Aveline de Forz, the daughter of William de Forz, Count of Aumale and Isabel de Reviers, Countess of Aumale. She died just 4 years after the marriage, at the age of 15, and was buried at Westminster Abbey. The couple had no children, though some sources believe she may have died in childbirth or shortly after a miscarriage.[citation needed]

He married a second time in Paris, on February 3, 1276 to Blanche of Artois, daughter of Robert I of Artois and Matilda of Brabant. That same year he became the Count of Champagne and Brie in France. With Blanche he had four children:

Thomas Plantagenet, Second Earl of Lancaster (b. 1278)
Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (b. 1281)
John Plantagenet, Lord of Beaufort, (c. 1282 - 1327)
Mary Plantagenet (c. 1284 - c. 1289)
He died while besieging Bordeaux for his brother on June 5, 1296 in Bayonne, and was interred on July 15, 1296 at Westminster Abbey, London, England.
 1126 - 1189 William De Mandeville 63 63 William de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of Essex
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

William de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of Essex (d. November 14, 1189) was a loyal councilor of Henry II and Richard I of England.

He was the third son of Geoffrey de Mandeville, 1st Earl of Essex and Rohese de Vere. William grew up at the court of the Count of Flanders. On the death of his elder brother Geoffrey in 1166 he became Earl of Essex, and returned to England, were he spent much time at the court of Henry II. He stayed loyal to the king during the 1173 rebellion of the king's sons.

In 1177 he became a crusader, in company with a companion of his youth, Philip of Flanders. Philip attempted to intervene in the court politics of the Kingdom of Jerusalem but was rebuffed, and the two fought for the Principality of Antioch at the siege of Harim. William returned to England in the fall of 1178.

In 1180 he married Hawise, daughter and heiress of William, Count of Aumale, who had died the previous year. He gained possession of her lands, both in Normandy and in England, along with the title of Count of Aumale (or Earl of Albemarle as it is sometimes called).

William fought in the wars against the French towards the end of Henry II's reign, and was with the king at the end of his life in 1189.

He carried the crown at the coronation of Richard I, and retained his place in the new court. Richard appointed him one of the two chief justiciars of England. But William died a few months later.



 1254 Ingelgram de Percy 1234 Alice Fitz Reginald 1162 Aveline De Montfichet 1160 - 1242 William de Fortibus 82 82 William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albermarle (d. March 26, 1242) was an English nobleman.

He was the son of William de Forz (d. 1195), and Hawisa, 2nd Countess of Albermarle, a daughter of William le Gros, 1st Earl of Albermarle. His father was a minor noble from the village of Fors in Poitou; the toponymic is variously rendered as de Fors, de Forz, or de Fortibus.

The Earldom of Albermarle which de Forz inherited from his mother included a large estate in Yorkshire, notably the wapentake of Holderness and the castle of Skipsea, and the honor of Craven, as well as property in Lincolnshire and elsewhere. It had also included the county of Aumale, but this had recently been lost to the French, along with the rest of Normandy. De Forz was the first earl of Albermarle to see his earldom as wholly English.

He was generally loyal to King John during the baronial revolt against the king, though he did eventually join the barons after the people of London joined them and the king's cause looked hopeless. He was one of the 25 executors of the Magna Carta, but amongst them was probably the least hostile to the king.

The barons made de Forz constable of Scarborough Castle, but when soon after fighting began between the barons and the king, he went over to John's side, the only one of the 25 Magna Carta executors to do so. He fought for the king until the French capture of Winchester in June 1216, when again the king's cause looked hopeless. He then stayed on the barons side until their cause fell apart.

After John's death, he supported the new king Henry III, fighting in the siege of Montsorrel and at the Battle of Lincoln. But de Forz was one of the most recalcitrant supporters of old traditions of baronial independence, and he came into conflict with Hubert de Burgh, who was effectively regent, and later with the king himself. He eventually gave in when this cause was lost in 1224, and was thenceforth loyal to Henry III.

He married Avelina, daughter of Richard de Montfichet, and was succeeded by his son William de Forz, 4th Earl of Albermarle. 1190 - 1260 William de Fortibus 70 70 William de Forz, 4th Earl of Albemarle
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

William de Forz, 4th Earl of Albemarle (died at Amiens in 1260) played a conspicuous part in the reign of Henry III of England, notably in the Mad Parliament of 1258.

He married:

Christina (d. 1246), daughter and co-heiress of Alan, Lord of Galloway
in 1248 Isabella de Redvers (1237 – 1293), daughter of Baldwin de Redvers, Earl of Devon and Lord of the Isle of Wight.
His widow, Isabella, on the death of her brother Baldwin de Redvers, 8th Earl of Devon, in 1261, called herself Countess of Devon. She had six children, all of whom pre-deceased her, including Thomas, who died in 1269 unmarried, and Avelina, who married Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster in 1269, and died without issue in 1274, aged 15.

Earls of Albemarle
Earls of Albemarle. The name Albemarle (or Albermarle), which now forms the title of the earldom held by the English family of Keppel, is an early variant of the French Aumale (Lat. Alba Maria), other forms being Aubemarle and Aumerle, and is described in the patent of nobility granted in 1696-1697 by William III to Arnold Joost van Keppel as "a town and territory in the dukedom of Normandy."

The fief of Aumale was granted by the archbishop of Rouen to Odo of Champagne, brother-in-law of William the Conqueror, who erected it into a countship. On Odo's death his son Stephen succeeded not only to the countship of Aumale, but to the lordships of Holderness, of Bytham in Lincolnshire, etc., which were subsequently known as the "Fee and Honor of Albemarle."

Stephen, who as a crusader had fought valiantly at Antioch, died about 1127, leaving by his wife Hawise, daughter of Ralph de Mortimer, a son--William of Blois, known as "le Gros." William, who distinguished himself at the battle of the Standard (1138), and shared with King Stephen in the defeat of Lincoln (1141), married Cicely, daughter of William Fitz-Duncan, grandson of Malcolm, king of Scotland, who as "lady of Harewood" brought him vast estates. He founded abbeys at Meaux in Holderness and at Thornton, and died in 1179. His elder daughter and heiress Hawise married (1) William de Mandeville, 3rd earl of Essex (d. 1189), (2) William de Fortibus (de Fors, de Fortz or des Forts1), (3) Baldwin de Betun or Bethune, all of whom bore the title of earls of Albemarle.

Soon after the death of Baldwin (October 13, 1213), William de Fortibus, Hawise's son by her second husband, was established by King John in the territories of the countship of Albemarle, and in 1215 the whole of his mother's estates were formally confirmed to him. He is described by Bishop Stubbs as "a feudal adventurer of the worst type," and for some time was actively engaged in the struggles of the Norman barons against John and Henry III.

He was one of the twenty-five executors of the Great Charter; but in the war that followed sided with John, subsequently changing sides as often as it suited his policy. His object was to revive the independent power of the feudal barons, and he co-operated to this end with Falkes de Breaute and other foreign adventurers established in the country by John. This brought him into conflict with the great justiciar, Hubert de Burgh, and in 1219 he was declared a rebel and excommunicated for attending a forbidden tournament. In 1220 matters were brought to a crisis by his refusal to surrender the two royal castles of Rockingham and Sauvey of which he had been made constable in 1216. Henry III marched against them in person, the garrisons fled, and they fell without a blow. In the following year, however, Albemarle, in face of further efforts to reduce his power, rose in revolt.

He was now again excommunicated by the legate Pandulph at a solemn council held in St Paul's, and the whole force of the kingdom was set in motion against him, a special scutage--the "scutagium de Bihan"--being voted for this purpose by the Great Council. The capture of his castle of Bytham broke his power; he sought sanctuary and, at Pandulph's intercession, was pardoned ori condition of going for six years to the Holy Land. He remained in England, however, and in 1223 was once more in revolt with Falkes de Breaute, the earl of Chester and other turbulent spirits. A reconciliation was once more patched up; but it was not until the fall of Falkes de Breaute that Albemarle finally settled down as an English noble.

In 1225 he witnessed Henry's third re-issue of the Great Charter; in 1227 he went as, ambassador to Antwerp; and in 1230 he accompanied Henry on his expedition to Brittany. In 1241 he set out for the Holy Land, but died at sea, on his Fay there, on March 26 1242. By his wife Avelina of Montfichet, William left a son, also named William, who married (1) Christina (d. 1246), daughter and co-heiress of Alan, lard of Galloway, (2) in 1248 Isabella de Redvers (1237-1202-3), daughter of Baldwin de Redvers, earl of Devon and lord of the Isle of Wight. He played a Conspicuous part in the reign of Henry III, notably in the Mad Parliament of 1258, and died at Amiens in 1260. His widow, Isabella, on the death of her brother Baldwin, 8th earl of Devon, in 1261, called herself countess of Devon. She had two children, Thomas, who died in 1269 unmarried, and Avelina, who married (1269) Edmund Plantagenet, earl of Lancaster, and died without issue in 1274. The "Honor of Albemarle" was claimed, in 1278, by John de Eston, or Aston, as heir of Amicia, younger daughter of William le Gros,; but he released his right to the earldom of Albemarle to the crown in exchange, for certain lands in Thornton.

The title of Albemarle, thus extinguished, was several times revived before in 1660 Charles II bestowed the title of duke of Albemarle on General Monk. Monk's hereditary claim to this semi-royal peerage was a very shadowy one, being based--as was also his subordinate style of Baron Beauchamp--on his descent from the youngest of the three co-heiresses of Richard, earl of Warwick, and, with yet more remote applicability, on that from Arthur Plantagenet, a natural son of Edward IV. The title became extinct in 1688, on the death of Christopher, 2nd duke of Albemarle.

Finally, as mentioned above, the title of earl of Albemarle was bestowed by William III, without any shadow of hereditary claim, on his Dutch favourite Arnold Joost van Keppel, by whose descendants it is still held. The motive for choosing this title was probably that, apart from its dignified traditions, it avoided the difficulty created by the fact that the Keppels had as yet no territorial possessions in the British Islands.

This entry was originally from the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

The current Earl of Albemarle holds as subsidiary titles: Viscount Bury, co. Lancaster (created 1697) and Baron Ashford, of Ashford, Kent (c. 1697), both - like the earldom - in the peerage of England. The courtesy title of the Earl's eldest son is Viscount Bury.

Source:  Wikipedia 1252 - 1260 John de Fortibus 8 8 1237 - 1293 Isabel de Redviers 56 56 Isabella de Fortibus, Countess of Devon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Isabella de Fortibus or Isabella de Forz (July 1237 – 10 November 1293) was the eldest daughter of Baldwin de Redvers, 6th Earl of Devon. At the age of 11 or 12 she became the second wife of William de Fortibus (or Forz) who owned land in Yorkshire and Cumberland and was the count of Aumale. When he died in 1260 part of his estates (her "dower lands") were granted to her. Two years later, in 1262 her brother Baldwin de Redvers, 7th Earl of Devon, died and left her his lands in Devon, Hampshire, the Isle of Wight and Harewood in Yorkshire. She was in her mid-twenties and was one of the richest heiresses in England. She subsequently called herself countess of Aumale and of Devon, and lady of the Isle (of Wight).

Despite the younger Simon de Montfort (second son of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester) acquiring the rights to her remarriage in 1264, she did not marry him and hid for some time in Breamore Priory in Hampshire and later in Wales. In 1268 her marriage was granted to Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster, son of Henry III, but she did not marry him either. However her daughter Aveline did marry Edmund in 1269, but died four years later, aged 15. Isabella outlived all six of her children.

From 1262 she lived mainly on the Isle of Wight (which she owned), at Carisbrooke Castle. Many of her accounts have survived and have been subjected to much study. Her net income in the 1260s is known to have risen from £1,500 to £2,500. She was much involved in litigation and pursued dozens of civil and criminal cases through the royal courts, apparently owning her own copy of the statutes of the realm.

It is known that Edward I long wanted to acquire Isabella's estates. In 1278 her northern lands and the comté of Aumale and its associated lands were all quitclaimed to the crown by John of Eston who was found (against expectations) by a jury to be her late daughter Aveline's heir. In 1293 the king reopened negotiations to acquire Isabella's southern lands. While travelling from Canterbury, Isabella was taken ill and stopped near Lambeth. Edward's leading councillor rushed to her and wrote a charter to confirm the sale of the Isle of Wight to the king. It was read to the dying Isabella, who ordered her lady of the bedchamber to seal it. She died in the early morning of 10 November 1293 and was buried at Breamore Priory, Hampshire.
 1253 - 1269 Thomas de Fortibus 15 15 1256 - 1256 William de Fortibus 1258 - 1258 Amice de Fortibus 1254 - 1273 Aveline de Fortibus 19 19 1130 - 1195 William des Forez 65 65 William de Fortibus
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

William de Fortibus (died 1195) was a minor Anglo-Norman noble, from Fors in Poitou, associated by marriage to the title Earl of Albemarle. He married Hawise, heiress of William le Gros, 1st Earl of Albemarle.

Philip Augustus took control of Aumale in the 1190s, leaving the Earls of Albemarle subsequently with their English holdings.

William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle was their son, and is also known by the same name.
 1135 - 11 MAR 1213/14 Hawise d' Aumale 1137 Amicia d' Aumale 1127 - 1212 Baldwin de Béthune 85 85 1150 Baldwin de Béthune 1155 Alice de Béthune 1117 - 1175 Cicely FitzDuncan 58 58 1213 Joan de Fortibus 1238 Piers Fitz Reginald 1167 - FEB 1230/31 Matthew fitz Herbert 1167 Joan de Mandeville 1208 - 1286 Reginald Fitz Piers 78 78 Generated by GenoPro®. Click here for details.