1564109

Acceded 1327-1377.

Edward III
Edward III (reigned 1327-77) was 14 when he was crowned King and assumed government in his own right in 1330. In 1337, Edward created the Duchy of Cornwall to provide the heir to the throne with an income independent of the sovereign or the state. An able soldier, and an inspiring leader, Edward founded the Order of the Garter in 1348.
At the beginning of the Hundred Years War in 1337, actual campaigning started when the King invaded France in 1339 and laid claim to the throne of France. Following a sea victory at Sluys in 1340, Edward overran Brittany in 1342 and in 1346 he landed in Normandy defeating the French King, Philip IV, at the Battle of Crécy and his son Edward (the Black Prince) repeated his success at Poitiers (1356). By 1360 Edward controlled over a quarter of France. His successes consolidated the support of the nobles, lessened criticism of the taxes, and improved relations with Parliament. However, under the 1375 Treaty of Bruges the French King, Charles V, reversed most of the English conquests; Calais and a coastal strip near Bordeaux were Edward's only lasting gain.

Failure abroad provoked criticism at home. The Black Death plague outbreaks of 1348-9, 1361-2 and 1369 inflicted severe social dislocation (the King lost a daughter to the plague) and caused deflation; severe laws were introduced to attempt to fix wages and prices. In 1376, the 'Good Parliament' (which saw the election of the first Speaker to represent the Commons) attacked the high taxes and criticised the King's advisers. The ageing King withdrew to Windsor for the rest of his reign, eventually dying at Sheen Palace, Surrey.
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Reference number Washington-23532.

REF: British Monarchy Official Website: Edward III (reigned 1327-77) was 14 when he was crowned king and assumed government in his own right in 1330. An able soldier, and an inspiring leader, Edward founded the Order of the Garter in1348. At the beginning of the Hundred Years War, the king invaded France in 1338. At first, Edward was unsuccessful, but in 1346 he landed in
Normandy defeating the French king, Philip IV, at the Battle of Crecy and again at Poitiers (1356). By 1360 Edward controlled over a quarter of France. His successes consolidated the support of the nobles, lessened criticism of the taxes, and improved relations with Parliament. However, by 1374 the French king, Charles V, had reversed most of the English conquests. Failure abroad
provoked criticism at home. In 1376, the 'Good Parliament' (which saw the election of the first Speaker to represent the Commons) attacked the high taxes and criticised the king's advisers. The ageing king withdrew to Windsor for the rest of his reign.

REF: "Royal Descents of Famous People" Mark Humphreys: Edward III is "often described as the ancestor of the British upper middle class" (Steve Jones' estimate, Burkes Press)...I have seen it quoted that 80% of the population of England is descended from Edward III, but Steve Jones' estimate (for Britain) above would imply the figure is considerably lower. Jones book "In the Blood: God, Genes, & Destiny" 1996, estimates that 25% of the population of Britain is descended from William the Conqueror. Consider you need two parents, four grandparents, etc. Assuming an average of abt 25 years per generation, you only need go back to 1200, quite within historical times, to need more separate ancestors than the population of the world. Therefor we all must descend from cousin marriages, many times over, even within the last few hundred years. Davenport claimed "no people of English descent are more distantly related than 30th cousins".

[large-G675.FTW]

Reference number Washington-23532.

REF: British Monarchy Official Website: Edward III (reigned 1327-77) was 14 when he was crowned king and assumed government in his own right in 1330. An able soldier, and an inspiring leader, Edward founded the Order of the Garter in1348. At the beginning of the Hundred Years War, the king invaded France in 1338. At first, Edward was unsuccessful, but in 1346 he landed in
Normandy defeating the French king, Philip IV, at the Battle of Crecy and again at Poitiers (1356). By 1360 Edward controlled over a quarter of France. His successes consolidated the support of the nobles, lessened criticism of the taxes, and improved relations with Parliament. However, by 1374 the French king, Charles V, had reversed most of the English conquests. Failure abroad
provoked criticism at home. In 1376, the 'Good Parliament' (which saw the election of the first Speaker to represent the Commons) attacked the high taxes and criticised the king's advisers. The ageing king withdrew to Windsor for the rest of his reign.

REF: "Royal Descents of Famous People" Mark Humphreys: Edward III is "often described as the ancestor of the British upper middle class" (Steve Jones' estimate, Burkes Press)...I have seen it quoted that 80% of the population of England is descended from Edward III, but Steve Jones' estimate (for Britain) above would imply the figure is considerably lower. Jones book "In the Blood: God, Genes, & Destiny" 1996, estimates that 25% of the population of Britain is descended from William the Conqueror. Consider you need two parents, four grandparents, etc. Assuming an average of abt 25 years per generation, you only need go back to 1200, quite within historical times, to need more separate ancestors than the population of the world. Therefor we all must descend from cousin marriages, many times over, even within the last few hundred years. Davenport claimed "no people of English descent are more distantly related than 30th cousins".