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An Anglo-Danish noble, he rose to power under Canute, after whose death he supported the accession of Edward the Confessor & became a dominant figure in royal gov't. In 1045 his daughter married Edward. He was overthrown in 1051 but regained his position by force in 1052. He was succeeded by his son Harold, who also succeeded Edward, thus leading to the Norman conquest.
The key article on the proposed descent of Harold II from Aethelred I is David H. Kelley, "The House of Aethelred," in Lindsay S. Brooke, ed., Studies in Genealogy and Family History in Tribute to Charles Evans on the Occasion of His Eightieth Birthday_ (Association for the Promotion of Scholarship in Genealogy, Ltd., Occasional Publication No. Two, 1989). As I posted earlier, the descent of land provides strong evidence for the descent of Harold II's father, Earl Godwine, from Aethelred I (not II), but it is also possible that the land was expropriated and presented to Godwine and his possession of it does not indicate genealogical descent.