Aeneas of Latium

• General Notes
  • From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
    
    Aeneas (or Aineias) was a Trojan hero, the son of prince Anchises and the goddess Aphrodite (Venus in Roman sources). The journey of Aeneas from Troy, which led to the founding of the city that would one day become Rome, is recounted in Virgil's Aeneid. He is considered an important figure in Greek and Roman legend and history. Aeneas is a character in Homer's Iliad and Shakespeare's Troilus and Cressida.
    
    Legend:
    In the Iliad, Aeneas is the leader of the Dardans (allies of the Trojans), and a principal lieutenant of Hector, son of the Trojan king Priam. In the poem, Aeneas's mother Aphrodite frequently comes to his aid on the battlefield: he is also a
    favorite of Apollo. Even Poseidon, who normally favors the Greeks, comes to Aeneas's rescue when the latter falls under the assault of Achilles, noting that Aeneas, though from a junior branch of the royal family, is destined to become king of the Trojan people. (Iliad, xx. 308). Homer thereafter has nothing more to say about Aeneas, but Poseidon's statement may be the basis for the later legends that were synthesized by Vergil in the Aeneid.
    
    When Troy was sacked by the Greeks, Aeneas gathered a group, collectively known as the Aeneads, traveled to Italy and became a progenitor of the Romans. The Aeneads included his trumpeter Misenus, his father Anchises, his friends Achates, Sergestus and Acmon, the healer Iapyx, his son Ascanius, and their guide Mimas. He carried with him the Lares and Penates, the statues of the household gods of Troy, and transplanted them to Italy.
    
    During his journey, Aeneas and his fleet made landfall at Carthage. It is at this point that the poem of the Aeneid begins. Aeneas had a brief affair with the Carthaginian queen Elissa, also known as Dido, who proposed that the Trojans settle in her land and that she and Aeneas reign jointly over their peoples. However, the messenger god Mercury was sent by Juno and Venus to remind Aeneas of his journey and his purpose, thus compelling him to leave secretly and continue on his way. When Dido learned of this, she ordered a funeral pyre to be constructed for herself; and standing on it, she uttered a famous curse that forever would pit Carthage against the Trojans. She then committed suicide by stabbing herself in the chest. When Aeneas later traveled to Hades, he called to her ghost but she neither spoke or acknowledged him.
    
    The company stopped on the island of Sicily during the course of their journey. There Aeneas was welcomed by Acestes, king of the region and son of the river Crinisus by a Dardanian woman. When the ship left, Achaemenides, one of Odysseus' crew who had been left behind, traveled with them.
    
    Soon after arriving in Italy, Aeneas made war against the city of Falerii. Latinus, king of the Latins, welcomed Aeneas's army of exiled Trojans and let them reorganize their life in Latium. His daughter Lavinia had been promised to Turnus, king of the Rutuli, but Latinus received a prophecy that Lavinia would be betrothed to one from another land — namely, Aeneas. Latinus heeded the prophecy, and Turnus consequently declared war on Aeneas at the urging of Hera, who was aligned with King Tarchon of the Etruscans and Queen Amata of the Latins. Aeneas' forces prevailed, and Turnus was killed. Aeneas founded the of city Lavinium, named after his wife. He later welcomed Dido's sister, Anna Perenna, who then committed
    suicide after learning of Lavinia's jealousy.
    
    After his death, Aeneas was recognized as the god Indiges. Inspired by the work of James Frazer, some have posited that Aeneas was originally a life-death-rebirth deity.
    
    Family and legendary descendants
    Aeneas had an extensive family tree. Aeneas' wet-nurse was named Caieta. He was the father of Ascanius with Creusa, and of Silvius with Lavinia. Ascanius, the son of Aeneas, also known as Iulus (or Julius), founded Alba Longa and was the first in a long series of kings.
    
    According to the mythology outlined by Virgil in the Aeneid, Romulus and Remus were both descendants of Aeneas through their mother, and thus Aeneas was responsible for founding the Roman people. Some early sources call him their father or grandfather [1], but, considering the commonly accepted dates of the fall of Troy (1184 BC) and the founding of Rome (753 BC), this seems unlikely.
    
    The Julian family (Gens Julia) of Rome, whose most famous member was Julius Caesar, traced their lineage to Aeneas's son Ascanius and, in turn, to the goddess Venus.
    
    The legendary kings of Britain also trace their family through a grandson of Aeneas, Brutus.
    
    Classical sources
    Homer, Iliad II, 819-21; V, 217-575; XIII, 455-544; XX, 75-352;
    Apollodorus, Bibliotheke III, xii, 2;
    Apollodorus, Epitome III, 32-IV, 2; V, 21;
    
    Virgil, Aeneid;
    Ovid, Metamorphoses XIV, 581-608;
    Ovid, Heroides, VII.
    Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aeneas"
    
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    Notes : Aeneas - a relative of King Priamos - is today best known from Vergil's great epos "The Aeneid." Homer describes him in "The Illiad" as the bravest of the Trojan heroes - next after Hektor - but he was also known for his piety. Aeneas was one of the few survivors of the war and escaped - under the protection of Afrodite - over the ocean with his son. He founded Rome and both Julius Caesar and Augustus were commonly known to descend from this fine family.
    
    Aeneas - a relative of King Priamos - is best known from Vergil's "The Aeneid" Homer describes him in "The Illiad" as the bravest of the Trojan heroes - next after Hektor - but he was also known for his piety. Aeneas was one of the few
    survivors of the war and escaped - under the protection of Afrodite - over the ocean with his son. He founded Rome and both Julius Caesar and Augustus were commonly
    known to descend from this fine family.