General Notes

1  NAME /Svend/ I
1  NAME /Swein/
1  DEAT
2  DATE 3 FEB 1013/14
bk&q chart 29 shows SWEIN Forkbeard, brother of Gunnora, who married Richa
rd I, father of William the Conqueror (see also Chart 35 on p 499).  See a
lso pp 3, 5, 415, 446, 484, 492, 770
ema p 144 SWEYN I Forkbeard conquered and ruled England as its king from 9
86 to 1014."
ASC p 137 "In the 1010s, Aethelred's hold over his kingdom gradually beca
me weaker.  King SWEIN of Denmark landed in 1013 and was immediately accep
ted as king by Northumbria and eastern England.  He took Oxford, Winchest
er and London and received Wessex's allegiance.  By the end of the year, '
all the nation had accepted him as full King', and Aethelred had fled to N
ormandy.  But after Swein's sudden death the next February, Aethelred dro
ve Swein's son Cnut out and returned home on a wave of popular enthusias
m; 'full friendship was fastened with word and pledge' between monarch a
nd people.  Not for long:  treachery soon reappeared at court, and heavy t
axes were levied.  Cnut returned and a year of inconclusive campaigning fo
llowed.  Aethelred died in April 1016, and his son Edmund was immediate
ly proclaimed king in London, while a larger and more representative gro
up of nobles meeting at Southampton gave the crown to Cnut.  After a summ
er of warfare, the two kings met in November.  Edmund kept the lands sou
th of the Thames, while Cnut was declared ruler of the rest of England.  B
ut by the end of the month Edmund had died, and 'Cnut received all the kin
gdom of England'."
Also ASC pp 8, 9, 138, 144, 148-9, 157, 160, pic on p 139
ewh p 189, 224 "He defeated the Norwegians, Swedes, and Wends and conquer
ed England (1013)