Elizabeth Cromwell died in 1665 and five of her nine children survived her as well as numerous grandchildren.
Robert Cromwell (1621–1639), died while away at school.
Oliver Cromwell 2nd (1622–1644), died of typhoid fever while serving as a Parliamentarian officer. Unmarried.
Bridget Cromwell (4 August 1624 – 1681), married firstly on 15 June 1646 Henry Ireton, and secondly Charles Fleetwood. She had one son and three daughters by her first husband.
Richard Cromwell (4 October 1626 – 12 July 1712). In 1658 he succeeded his father as Lord Protector but the Protectorate collapsed one year later. In May 1649 he married Dorothy Mayor, daughter of Richard Mayor. Richard and Dorothy had nine children, but only four reached adulthood.
Henry Cromwell (20 January 1628 – 23 March 1674) Served as Lord Deputy of Ireland. He married Elizabeth Russell by whom he had seven children.
Elizabeth Cromwell (2 July 1629 – August 1658), married John Claypole by whom she had four children. Elizabeth was known as "Bettie" and was said to have been her father's favourite child.[24]
James Cromwell (born and died in 1632)
Mary Cromwell (February 1637 – 1713), married Thomas Belasyse, 1st Earl Fauconberg
Frances Cromwell (1638–1720), married firstly Robert Rich, and secondly Sir John Russell, 4th Baronet.