Ephraim? BULKIN

General Notes

This list of names from the 1907 Bobruisk duma list contains 3681 records. These are names of both Jews and non-Jews (as indicated in the 'Nationality' column). The actual duma list had more names, but the last name of each page was cut off. Not all records have had the information in the 'locality' column translated and placed into this file.

(Bobruisk = Bobruysk = Babruysk is SE of Minsk.)

Two Bulkin entries:
BULKIN Semon Hebrew Bobruisk
BULKIN Shaya Hebrew Bobruisk

Duma Voter List FAQ
These records are the registration lists of those eligible to vote for indirect representatives to the last constitutional body in Russia before the fall of the old regime in 1917, the Duma. The Registration records are from the first decade of the 20th century (i.e., 1900 to 1910). The records are called the Duma voting list records. The title is a little misleading in that the lists are not records of votes cast, or of those who voted. They are earlier records and record the names of those men who were 24 years of age and older who were eligible to vote. Whether they actually voted is not found in these records.

Eligibility, after meeting the first two requirements (age and sex), is based on various things, but mainly it is based, with regard to Jews, on the payment of taxes. Unlike in the United States today, eligibility to vote in pre-Revolutionary Russia was not determined on citizenship (Jews were not citizens of Russia, but “subjects” of the realm), but on taxes paid, guild and professional membership, and other criteria. The eligibility lists included Jews and non-Jews. These lists were required to be published in the official Russian newspapers, Gubernskie Vedomosti and the lists that have been preserved were found in the published newspapers in various libraries

The lists of eligible voters may have been compiled from different sources for different towns. In some towns they were compiled from records in financial offices, governmental agencies, apartment registries, etc. or from “in person” registration of individual potential voters. The lists for each town are different, but all have certain similarities. There are many abbreviations on the lists, some of which are still not clearly understood. Most of the unclear abbreviations appear to relate to business dealings of the listed persons. The names for most Jews, but not all, include a first name, patronymic, and surname.

Q: What is the genealogical value of Russian Duma voter lists?

A: Other than revision (census) lists, voter lists are one of the most geographically comprehensive, largest accounting of Jews (~ 15% of adult males) in Czarist Russia that exist today. While revision lists are much more comprehensive, they are from an earlier period in time and relatively few from Belarus are currently easily accessible. Voter lists document Jews in the early 20th century, a period for which more genealogists have definite names. Information available in Duma lists is for men over age 24: name (last, first, patronymic), place of residence, voter qualification reason, property/business values, nationality (most lists have only some of these items - see table below). Another valuable feature of Duma voter lists is that particular care was taken by the government to ensure their accuracy. That is apparent by observation and by studying the history of the pre-revolutionary Dumas. Districts sometimes published errata lists, indicating spelling mistakes and typos in the publishing of the original list. Not many compilers of genealogical records of any kind went to those lengths. Supplemental lists, which recorded voters left off of the original list are common.
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Lenin mentions a Bulkin (V. I. Lenin
THE IDEOLOGICAL STRUGGLE
IN THE WORKING-CLASS MOVEMEN, Put Pravdy No. 77, May 4, 1914, Published according to the text in Put Pravdy, From V. I. Lenin, Collected Works, 4th English Edition, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1964, Vol. 20, pp. 277-80, Translated from the Russian by Bernard Isaacs and Joe Fineberg, Edited by Julius Katzer)

The facts have shown that, between them, the theory of Marxism and the practical experience of the mass working-class movement have killed liquidationism, which is a bourgeois and anti-workers' trend. It is sufficient to recall how, in a single month, March 1914, Severnaya Rabochaya Gazeta vilified the "illegal press" (issue of March 13), and demonstrations (Mr. Gorsky in the issue of April 11), and how Bulkin, in perfect imitation of the liberals, vilified the "underground" (Nasha Zarya No. 3), how the notorious L. M., on behalf of the editors of Nasha Zarya, fully supported Bulkin on this point and argued the case for "building a legal workers' party" -- it is sufficient to recall all this to understand why the attitude of the class-conscious workers towards liquidationism cannot be anything else than that of ruthless condemnation and complete boycott of the liquidators.

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The above may be Fedor Bulkin (b. 1888, described as a right-wing Menshevik), in spring 1914 an ex-secretary of the governing board of the Petersburg Union of Metalworkers, who accused the revolutionary intelligentsia of forcing change too rapidly in union leadership. He and Social Democratic leader Martov exchanged views in a pair of articles.

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There is also a Bulkin who designed an assault rifle in the USSR in the 1940s. See this excerpt from a history of the Kalashnikov:

"The stages of the competition were closed. Shpagin and Degtyarov were the first to give up, and only three guns achieved the final stage of the competition in January of 1947: ??B- 415 designed by Bulkin, KBP-520 designed by Dementyev and KBP-580 designed by Kalashnikov."

source:
http://english.pravda.ru/main/18/90/363/10644_kalashnikov.html?2

Click here for details of Ephraim?'s family with Beylya? LNU