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Family Subtree Diagram : .........Iuput Egypt

PLEASE NOTE: If you do not see a GRAPHIC IMAGE of a family tree here but are seeing this text instead then it is most probably because the web server is not correctly configured to serve svg pages correctly. see http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/SVG:Server_Configuration for information on how to correctly configure a web server for svg files. ? Parent Parent Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Parent Parent Biological Child Marriage (a child) Marriage (a child) Marriage (a child) Marriage (a child) Marriage (two children) Marriage (a child) Marriage (two children) Marriage (a child) Marriage (a child) Marriage (a child) Marriage (a child) Marriage (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) ABT 0955 BC Tashedkons Osorkon I Egypt Osorkon
(Sekhemkheperre-setepenre)
924-909 B.C.
22nd Dynasty

Osorkon I is in the second king of the Twenty-second Dynasty. Between the reigns of Osorkon I and Takelot I, a Shoshenq II is often shown as a co-regent for a brief period of time. Karamat Egypt     Tour Egypt website

    Shoshenq's son had married Psusennes' daughter, Makare. It is possible that the transition from the Twenty-first to the Twenty-second Dynasty was a peaceful one. Shoshenq's wife, Karoma, was the mother of Osorkon I who was Shoshenq's successor. Shoshenq did considerable building at home in Egypt. He added a new colonnaded forecourt with a triumphal gate that formed an extension of the hypostyle hall in the Amun temple. No work had been done at Karnak since the end of the Nineteenth Dynasty. He also had a successful campaign against the kingdom of Judah and the kingdom of Israel. His tomb is located at Tanis

 Shoshenk I Egypt     Tour Egypt Website
    1st King of the 22nd (Libyan) Dynasty

    Shoshenq I was the first king of the Twenty-second Dynasty and ruled for twenty-one years. His name first appeared in a long inscription found at Abydos while he was the 'great chief of the Meshwesh, prince of princes.' His father was Nemrat, who was the son of the lady Mehetemwaskhe, died and Shoshenq asked the king at that time to allow a funerary cult to be built at Abydos in his honor. The king must have been the last Psusennes of the Twenty-first Dynasty. Shoshenq's son had married Psusennes' daughter, Makare. It is possible that the transition from the Twenty-first to the Twenty-second Dynasty was a peaceful one. Shoshenq's wife, Karoma, was the mother of Osorkon I who was Shoshenq's successor. Shoshenq did considerable building at home in Egypt. He added a new colonnaded forecourt with a triumphal gate that formed an extension of the hypostyle hall in the Amun temple. No work had been done at Karnak since the end of the Nineteenth Dynasty. He also had a successful campaign against the kingdom of Judah and the kingdom of Israel. His tomb is located at Tanis

 Nesitanebtashru Shoshenk II Egypt High Priest of Amun at Thebes before becoming Pharoah.

Jamie Allen's Family Tree & Ancient Genealogical Allegations
Tour Egypt Website
Great Priest of Amun

Shoshenq II
(Heqakheperre-setepenre)
?-883 B.C.
22nd Dynasty

Shoshenq II is thought to have been the co-regent during the period between Osorkon I and Takelot I during the Twenty-second Dynasty. His mummy was found at Tanis in the tomb of Psusennes I. Abt. 990 BC - Abt. 940 BC Psusennes II Thebes [Neet3.FTW]

As High Priest of Amun, he is considered as the last ruler of the Theban 21st Dynasty.
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Psusennes II was the seventh and final king of the Twenty-first Dynasty. He is believed to have ruled for 14 years. There are inscriptions on monuments which are the only information showing his reign.
Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i857.html#I29690
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Tentsepeh Ma Nimlot Ma Tour Egypt Website

Shoshenq I was the first king of the Twenty-second Dynasty and ruled for twenty-one years. His name first appeared in a long inscription found at Abydos while he was the 'great chief of the Meshwesh, prince of princes.' His father was Nemrat, who was the son of the lady Mehetemwaskhe, died and Shoshenq asked the king at that time to allow a funerary cult to be built at Abydos in his honor. Mehtenwskhet Shoshenk Ma Paihut Nabneshi Mawasen Ma Buyuwasen Ma Neskhonsu of Thebes Abt. 1025 BC - Abt. 945 BC Pinudjem II Egypt Tentsepeh Ma Maat (Ka Re) Egypt Sources:

   1. Title: Cleopatra's Egypt: Age of the Ptolemies
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Pinudjem of Egypt [Neet3.FTW]

Pinudjem was a High Priest who held the title 'Great Commander of the Army'. Alone among the contemporary High-priests of Amen Re, Pinudjem definitely asserted his right to be called the Pharaoh, taking a Prenomen, as well as a Nomen, but even with him, the records write it most frequently without a cartouche.
Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i858.html#I61144
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Henttawy of Egypt Abt. 1110 BC - Abt. 1069 BC Ramses of Egypt     [Neet3.FTW]

    Ramesses XI was the tenth and the last king of the Twentieth Dynasty as well as the New Kingdom. The reign of this king was a period of turmoil. Ramesses was not a very energetic or vital ruler. The viceroy of Nubia, Panehsi, went from Elephantine to Thebes to try to stop the unrest that was arising from contention over the region that was between the high priest of Amon and others. At the same time there was a famine and was called the "Year of the Hyena." Hrihor was left in Thebes by Panehsi to control the affairs there. He soon assumed the role of the high priest of Amon and eventually became the vizier as well. This was the cause of the eventual downfall of Panehsi. Panehsi rebelled and stopped Egypt's domination in Nubia. Hrihor administered the affairs of Egypt while Ramesses XI remained in seclusion. Upon the death of Ramesses, Hrihor and Smendes divided Egypt between themselves. Ramesses was technically pharaoh until his death, but Hrihor was the ruler of Upper Egypt for all practical purposes. Ramesses' death marked the end of the Twentieth Dynasty and the New Kingdom. His tomb is located in the Valley of the Kings.
    Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i859.html#I29700
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Tenamum Abt. 1137 BC - Abt. 1099 BC Ramses of Egypt [Neet3.FTW]

Ramesses X was the ninth king of the Twentieth Dynasty. During his reign the workers went on strike for wages not paid. There are few monuments of Ramesses that have survived. He left a tomb in the Valley of the Kings.
Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i859.html#I29700
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Tiye Abt. 1160 BC - Abt. 1108 BC Ramses of Egypt [Neet3.FTW]

Ramesses IX was the eighth king of the Twentieth Dynasty. He is thought to have reigned for about seventeen or more years. During his reign, there was a scandal in which the tombs in the Theban necropolis were being robbed. There were also campaigns by Libyan bandits. He had a son, Montuherkhopshef, who did not live to succeed Ramesses. His tomb was found in the Valley of the Kings.
Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i859.html#I29701
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Baktwernel Abt. 1185 BC - Abt. 1136 BC Ramses of Egypt [Neet3.FTW]

Ruled Egypt between 1143-1136 BC.
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The fifth king of the 20th Dynasty usurped the throne from his nephew, Ramesses V. However, the son of Ramesses III allowed mortuary ceremonies to continue for Ramesses V, who was only on the throne for four years. He usurped cartouches of previous kings and left his name on inscriptions in the Sinai. His built statues in Bubastis, Coptos, Karnak and Nubia. After his tomb was vandalized, the priests had to pin the corpse on a board in order to provide the remains with a decent burial.
Source: www.youregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i859.html#I29703
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Takhat Abt. 1217 BC - Abt. 1151 BC Ramses of Egypt Ramses III (reigned 1182-1151 BC), Egyptian king of the 20th Dynasty, a great military leader who repeatedly saved the country from invasion. In the fifth year of his reign, Ramses defeated an attack by the Libyans from the west, and two years later he routed invaders known as the Sea Peoples. In his 11th year he again repelled an attempted Libyan invasion. Ramses was also a builder of temples and palaces in the tradition of his 19th-Dynasty predecessor, Ramses II. His victories are depicted on the walls of his mortuary temple at Medinet Habu, near Luxor. Egyptian records tell of a strike by workers at Ramses's burial site and of a plot against the king near the end of his reign. Ramses III was the last of the great rulers of ancient Egypt; his death was followed by centuries of weakness and foreign domination.
Source: "Ramses III," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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The second king of the 20th Dynasty was the son of Sethnakhte and was the last great king of the New Kingdom. Ramesses assumed the throne after his father’s short two year reign. Ramesses fought the Libyans twice during his reign. He compared himself to Mont, the god of war and was confident in his abilities. He overcame an attack by the Sea Peoples in his eighth year as pharaoh. After defeating the Sea People (of which he took many captives) he attacked the Palestinian tribes and was again victorious. Ramesses received tributes from all conquered peoples. Egypt, however, was experiencing financial problems. Workers were striking for pay and there was a general unrest of all social classes. Consequently, an unsuccessful harem revolt led to the deaths of many, including officials and women. During his thirty-one year reign, Ramesses built the vast mortuary complex at Medinet Habu, three shrines at Karnak that were dedicated to the gods Amon, Mut and Khons, and a palace at Leontopolis, just north of Cairo. Ramesses III's tomb is in the Valley of the Kings. His mummy was found in a cache at Deir el-Bahri and is now in the Cairo Museum. Ramesses III is thought to have been about sixty-five years of age at his death.
Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i858.html#I29705
      Repository:
      Media: Book
   2. Title: Neet3.FTW
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      Media: Other
      Text: Date of Import: Oct 31, 1999  Abt. 1240 BC - Abt. 1184 BC Setakht of Egypt [Neet3.FTW]

Ruled Egypt from 1186-1184 BC.
First ruler of the 20th dynasty of the New Kingdom.
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Refusing to acknowledge the previous two pharaohs, the first king of the 20th Dynasty dated the beginning of his reign to that of Seti II. He probably usurped the throne from Tworse, Seti II’s widow, and later queen-pharaoh. He was at an advanced age when he took the throne but managed to accomplish peace and order in a short period of time. His tomb was not completed when he died so he was placed in that Tworse’s. His coffin was found in Amenophis II's tomb but his mummy has not been found. Setakht was the father of Ramesses III and the husband of Ramesses' mother, Tiye-merenese.
Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i858.html#I29705
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Tiye- Mereniset of Egypt Abt. 1302 BC - Abt. 1213 BC Ramses of Egypt Ramses II (reigned 1279-1212 BC), ancient Egyptian king, third ruler of the 19th Dynasty, the son of Seti I. During the early part of his reign Ramses fought to regain the territory in Africa and western Asia that Egypt had held during the 16th and 15th centuries BC. His principal opponents were the Hittites, a powerful people of Asia Minor, against whom he waged a long war. The major battle of this war was fought in 1274 at Kadesh, in northern Syria, and was hailed by Ramses as a great triumph. Neither power achieved a conclusive victory, however, and in 1258 BC a treaty was signed whereby the contested lands were divided and Ramses agreed to marry the daughter of the Hittite king. The remaining years of his rule were distinguished by the construction of such monuments as the rock-hewn temple of Abu Simbel, the great hypostyle hall in the Temple of Amon at Karnak, and the mortuary temple at Thebes, known as the Ramesseum.
Source: "Ramses II," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Abu Simbel, site of two temples in southern Egypt, on the Nile River, south of Aswan. The temples were carved into a sandstone cliff about 1250 BC during the reign of Ramses II. The interior of the larger temple is more than 55 m (about 180 ft) in depth and consists of a series of halls and chambers leading to a central sanctuary. This temple was dedicated by Ramses II to the chief gods of Heliopolis, Memphis, and Thebes. It is oriented so that the rays of the rising sun illuminate the statues of the three gods and of Ramses II in the innermost sanctuary. The smaller temple was dedicated by Ramses to his queen, Nefertari, and to the goddess Hathor. The facade of the larger temple has four sitting statues of Ramses II, each more than 20 m (about 65 ft) in height. Smaller statues of Ramses II, Nefertari, and their children adorn the facade of Nefertari's temple. The larger temple has numerous inscriptions and reliefs, some of them of unusual historical interest. A series of reliefs depicts the battle between the Egyptians and the Hittites at Kadesh. Two of the large sitting statues of Ramses have inscriptions in Greek dating from the 6th century BC. They were written by Greek mercenary soldiers and are among the earliest dated Greek inscriptions.
The temples, the most important monuments of ancient Nubia, were unknown to the West until 1812, when they were discovered by the Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt. In 1964 an international project was begun to save the temples from inundation by Lake Nasser, the reservoir of the Aswan High Dam. In a remarkable engineering feat, the temples were cut apart and, in 1968, reassembled on a site 64 m (210 ft) above the river.
Source: "Abu Simbel," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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The son of Seti I and Queen Tuya was the third king of the 19th Dynasty. Called Ramesses the Great, he lived to be 96 years old, had 200 wives and concubines, 96 sons and 60 daughters. One son, Prince Kha-m-was, was a high priest of Ptah, governor of Memphis, and was in charge of the restoration of the Pyramid of Unas. This son was buried in The Serapeum. Ramesses II outlived the first thirteen of his heirs. Ramesses was named co-ruler with his father, Seti I, early in his life. He accompanied his father on numerous campaigns in Libya and Nubia. At the age of 22 Ramesses went on a campaign in Nubia with two of his own sons. Seti I and Ramesses built a palace in Avaris where Ramesses I had started a new capital. When Seti I died in 1290 B.C., Ramesses assumed the throne and began a series of wars against the Syrians. The famous Battle of Kadesh is inscribed on the walls of Ramesses temple.

Ramesses' building accomplishments are two temples at Abu Simbel, the hypostyle hall at Karnak, a mortuary complex at Abydos, the Colossus of Ramesses at Memphis, a vast tomb at Thebes, additions at the Luxor Temple, and the famous Ramesseum. Among Ramesses' wives were Nefertari, Queen Istnofret, his two daughters, Binthanath and Merytamon, and the Hittite princess, Maathornefrure. Ramesses was originally buried in the Valley of the Kings. Because of the widespread looting of tombs during the 21st Dynasty the priests removed Ramesses body and took it to a holding area where the valuable materials such, as gold-leaf and semi-precious inlays, were removed. The body was then rewrapped and taken to the tomb of an 18th Dynasty queen, Inhapi. The bodies of Ramesses I and Seti I were done in like fashion and all ended up at the same place. Amenhotep I's body had been placed there as well at an earlier time. Seventy-two hours later, all of the bodies were again moved, this time to the Royal Cache that was inside the tomb of High Priest Pinudjem II. The priests documented all of this on the linen that covered the bodies. This “systematic” looting by the priests was done in the guise of protecting the bodies from the "common" thieves.
Source: www.touregypt.net
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So proud was Ramesses II of his extensive progeny that it would be wrong to omit all reference to the long enumerations of his sons and daughters to be read on the walls of his temples. At Wady es-Sebua in Lower Nubia over a hundred princes and princesses were named, but the many lacunae make it impossible to compute the exact figure. From several temples it is clear that the eldest son was Amenhiwenamef, but his mother is unknown and he evidently died early. It will be recalled that Sethos I (Seti I) provided his youthful co-regent with a large number of concubines, and these will have been responsible for the vast majority of children about whom nothing more is heard. The most highly honored were naturally those born to Ramesses II by his successive King's Great Wives. Queen Isinofre was the mother of four who were depicted together with her and her husband. Foremost among them is Ramesse, at a given moment the crown prince, but it was his younger brother Merenptah, the thirteenth in the Ramesseum list, who survived to succeed his father. Another son who perhaps never had pretensions to the throne was Kha'emwise, the high-priest (setem) of Ptah at Memphis. He gained great celebrity as a learned man and magician, and was remembered right down to Graeco-Roman times. It was doubtless in that capacity that he was charged with the organization of his father's earliest Sed-festivals from the first I year 30 down to the fifth in year 42. Ramesses II lived to celebrate twelve or even thirteen in all. A daughter of Isinofre, who bore the Syrian name of Bint-anat, is of interest for a special reason: she received the title King's Great Wife during her father's lifetime. We cannot overlook the likelihood that she served at least temporarily as his companion. Even more frequent are the references to Queen Nofretari-mery-en-Mut, the Naptera of an already mentioned Baghazkoy letter. She is familiar to Egyptologists as the owner of the magnificently painted tomb in the Valley of the Queens on the west of Thebes. This henceforth, the burial-place of many females of the Ramesside royal family. Ramesses II himself had a tomb at Biban el-Moluk no doubt once as large and fine as that of Sethos I, but now closed owing to its dangerous condition. The great king's mummy suffered a fate similar to that of so many of his predecessors, finally finding its way to the cache at Der el-Bahri. Until moved to the mausoleum at Cairo, his corpse could still be seen as that of a shrivelled-up old man with a long narrow face, massive jaw, and prominent nose, conspicuous also for his admirably well-preserved teeth.
Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i859.html#I29706
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Maetnefrure of Khatti Abt. 1323 BC - Abt. 1279 BC Seti of Egypt [Neet3.FTW]

Seti I (reigned 1291-1279 BC), ancient Egyptian king, second ruler of the 19th Dynasty, the son and successor of King Ramses I (ruled 1293-1291 BC). From 1292 BC he ruled as coregent with his father for a short time. He tried to recover some Syrian possessions Egypt had lost during the internal dissensions at the close of the 18th Dynasty. Later in his reign, Seti conquered Palestine, defended his western frontier against the Libyans, and fought against the Hittites. Seti's magnificent tomb in the Valley of the Kings, near Thebes, and his temple at Abydos are impressive architectural monuments. His mummy was found in 1881 at Dayr al Bahrì.
Source: "Seti I," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Valley of the Kings, burial site used by Egyptian rulers of the New Kingdom period (1570-1070 BC). It is located on the west bank of the Nile, opposite the modern town of Luxor. Although only a few kilometers west of the riverbank, the valley is concealed by high cliffs and a long, narrow, and winding entranceway. Before the New Kingdom period, the kings of Egypt had built mortuary complexes consisting of pyramid-tombs and accompanying temples. In the 18th Dynasty, King Amenhotep I (reigned 1551-1524 BC) departed from tradition, building his temple closer to the riverbank and concealing his tomb farther north and west, in the cliffs. His successors continued this practice of separation, but they located their tombs within the valley. In all likelihood this move was an attempt to circumvent robbing of the royal tombs. Although no longer marked by a pyramid constructed of millions of carved blocks, the tombs stand below a pyramidal mountain called today The Horn (Arabic Al Qurn).
Thirty-four tombs have been discovered at this site, beginning with that of Seti I, which was found by the Italian explorer G. B. Belzoni in 1817. The actual body of Seti, along with 39 other royal mummies that had been moved from their original resting places, were discovered in one great burial chamber on the Nile side of the cliffs in 1881. Most of the tombs were carved deep into solid bedrock and contain a multitude of rooms with carved and painted hieroglyphic texts and magical and symbolic scenes. The last tomb discovered (1922), that of Tutankhamen of the 18th Dynasty, was the only one to survive wholesale looting in ancient times. Although robbed twice, the tomb still contained more than 5000 items buried with the young king. Except for the wife of Thutmose II, Hatshepsut, who was a ruler in her own right, royal wives were buried several kilometers south in the Valley of the Queens.
Contributed By:
David Peter Silverman
Source: "Valley of the Kings," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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The second king of the 19th Dynasty was the son of Ramesses I and Queen Sitre. Like his father before him, Seti was a good military leader. On a campaign in Asia, Seti took three divisions of 60,000 men each into battle. He reoccupied Egyptian posts and garrisoned cities in the Syrian territory. He plundered Palestine and brought Damascus back into Egyptian control. He reconciled with the Hittites who were becoming the most powerful state in the region. Seti I and his heir, Ramesses II campaigned against Kadesh. In Karnak he completed his father's plan by converting the court between the second and third pylons into a vast hypostyle hall. He built his vast mortuary complex at Abydos. In Thebes, he built his tomb, located in the Valley of the Kings. Cut 300 feet into the cliffs, it was the largest tomb in the area. Buried with him were over 700 Shabti. These were carved stone or wooden figures that were to accompany him to the afterlife to comply with the requests from the gods. His tomb in the Valley of the Kings was vandalized and his body was relocated to Deir el Bahri.
Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i858.html#I29707
      Repository:
      Media: Book
   2. Title: Neet3.FTW
      Repository:
      Media: Other
      Text: Date of Import: Oct 31, 1999  Tuya of Egypt Abt. 1345 BC - Abt. 1294 BC Ramses of Egypt Ruled Egypt 1295-1294 BC.
First ruler of the 19th dynasty of the New Kingdom.
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The first king of the 19th Dynasty was the son of a military commander named Seti. Ramesses entered the military service and worked his way up to commander of troops, superintendent of the cavalry and eventually general. A short time later he became vizier to King Horemheb. He was also Primate of Egypt, which was the high priest of Amon, and was in charge of all the temples in Egypt. Horemheb died with no heir so Ramesses assumed the throne. His queen, Sitre, was the mother of Seti I, who was already a veteran military commander. Ramesses was originally buried in the Valley of the Kings. His tomb was later vandalized so the priests removed the body to Deir el Bahri.
Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i858.html#I29709
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Sitre of Egypt Seti D. Abt. 1336 BC Akhenaton of Egypt [Neet3.FTW]

Born as Amenhotep IV, he changed his name within a few years of becoming Pharaoh.
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Akhenaton or Ikhnaton, also called Amenhotep IV, pharaoh of Egypt from about 1350 to 1334 BC. Akhenaton was the son of Amenhotep III and Tiy, and husband of Nefertiti, whose beauty is now famed through celebrated portrait busts of the period. Akhenaton was the last important ruler of the 18th dynasty and notable as the first historical figure to establish a religion based on the concept of monotheism. He established the cult of Aton, or Aten, the sun god or solar disk, which he believed to be a universal, omnipresent spirit and the sole creator of the universe. Some scholars believe that the Hebrew prophets' concept of a universal God, preached seven or eight centuries later in a land that Akhenaton once ruled, was derived in part from his cult. After he established the new religion, sometimes referred to as solar monotheism, he changed his name from the royal designation Amenhotep IV to Akhenaton, meaning "Aton is satisfied." He moved his capital from Thebes to Akhetaton (now the site of Tall al 'Amarinah), a new city devoted to the celebration of Aton, and he ordered the obliteration of all traces of the polytheistic religion of his ancestors. He also fought bitterly against the powerful priests who attempted to maintain the worship of the state god Amon, or Amen. This religious revolution had a profound effect on Egyptian artists, who turned from the ritualistic forms to which they had been confined, to a much more realistic representation of nature as evidence of the all-embracing power of the sun, Aton (see Egyptian Art and Architecture). A new religious literature also arose. This blossoming of culture, however, did not continue after Akhenaton's death. His son-in-law, Tutankhamen, moved the capital back to Thebes, restored the old polytheistic religion, and Egyptian art once more became ritualized.
Source: "Akhenaton," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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The tenth king of the 18th Dynasty was perhaps the most controversial because of his break with traditional religion. Some say that he was the most remarkable king to sit upon Egypt’s throne. Akhenaten was traditionally raised by his parents, Amenhotep III and Queen Tiy (1382-1344 B.C.) by worshipping Amen. Akhenaten, however, preferred Aten, the sun god that was worshipped in earlier times. Early in his reign he changed his name to Akhenaten, meaning “He Who is of Service to Aten” and renamed his queen to Nefer-Nefru-Aten, which is “Beautiful is the Beauty of Aten.” The king and his queen, leaving Thebes behind, built elaborate buildings at Akhenaten (Amarna) “The Horizon of Aten.” He then sent his officials around to destroy Amen’s statues and to desecrate the worship sites. These actions were so contrary to the traditional that opposition arose against him. The estates of the great temples of Thebes, Memphis and Heliopolis reverted to the throne. Corruption grew out of the mismanagement of such large levies. Akhenaten died in the 18th year of his reign. His successor, Horemhab, claimed his reign began from the date of Amenhotep III, thus wiping out the entire rule of Akhenaten.
Source: www.touregypt.net

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Sources:

   1. Title: Cleopatra's Egypt: Age of the Ptolemies
      Repository:
      Media: Book  Nefertiti Sources:

   1. Title: http://www.gendex.com/users/Enf_Bry/Enf_Bry/i154.html#I29711
      Repository:
      Media: Book  D. Abt. 1344 BC Amenhotep of Egypt Amenhotep III, king of Egypt (1386-1349 BC), of the 18th Dynasty, builder of extensive architectural works, including portions of the temple of Luxor and the so-called Colossi of Memnon. His reign was one of peace and prosperity, when Egyptian power was at its height. Amenhotep's diplomatic correspondence is preserved in the Amarna Letters, a collection of some 400 clay tablets found in Tall al 'Amarinah in 1887. Akhenaton, Egypt's great religious reformer, was his son.
"Amenhotep III," Microsoft(R) Encarta(R) 98 Encyclopedia. (c) 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
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The ninth king of the 18th dynasty was the son of Thutmose IV and Queen Mutemwiya. He married Tiy, daughter of Yuya, who was a chancellor of the north and was a priest of Hermonthis and Amon. Egypt was enjoying a peaceful time during Amenhotep’s reign, thus allowing him to concentrate on more artistic renewals. He married daughters of foreign kings, including a Mitanni princess and one from Babylon. This solidified his international standings. During his reign he enlarged many temples. He built Malkata on the western shore of Thebes, south of Medinet Habu. This complex was a miniature city with offices, houses, chambers, chapels and apartments. Close to Malkata he built a lake for his queen. Next to the lake he built a palace for his harem and a palace for Queen Tiy. He built the famous Colossi of Memnon and is accredited with building the Temple of Luxor. Amenhotep spent years improving Karnak, by adding temples and a row of sphinxes that linked it to the temple of Amon at Luxor. Amenhotep died in his mid fifties. His heir was the infamous Akhenaten.  Abt. 1391 BC - Abt. 1353 BC Tiy of Egypt Yaya Tuya Thutmose Mutemwiya Iuput Egypt Osorkon I Egypt Osorkon
(Sekhemkheperre-setepenre)
924-909 B.C.
22nd Dynasty

Osorkon I is in the second king of the Twenty-second Dynasty. Between the reigns of Osorkon I and Takelot I, a Shoshenq II is often shown as a co-regent for a brief period of time. ~1065 BC - ~0992 BC Menkheperre of Egypt Istemkheb Piankh of Egypt Hrere Psusennes of Egypt Smendes of Egypt Henttaway Herihor of Egypt Nodjmet Harsiesis Egypt Generated by GenoPro®. Click here for details.