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Family Subtree Diagram : Descendants of Maol Iosa Strathearn (~1245)

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Maol Íosa III of Strathearn, who ruled Strathearn 1271 - 1317, is the sixth known Mormaer of Strathearn, but of course this is simply a source problem and in no way means that he was the sixth in reality.

Maol Íosa helped to keep the Kingdom of Scotland stable after the death of King Alexander II, and in an example of his behaviour, he is recorded a levying the tenants of the land belonging to Inchaffray Abbey to help preserve the peace.

His marriage into the Comyn family put him very much in the House of Balliol camp during the Great Cause, and in fact Maol Íosa was the auditor of John Balliol at the gathering of Norham. Maol Íosa promised allegiance to King Edward I of England at Stirling in 1292, but rebelled against him along with John Balliol in 1296, and again later during the revolt of Andrew de Moravia and William Wallace. On both occasions, Edward I forgave him, partly one supposes because initially Maol Íosa helped Edward, turning over the rebellious leader of Clann MacDuib.

After the Rising of Robert de Brus, Maol Íosa attempted steer a middle course, but the English king did not trust him, and he was in English custody until 1310. After his release, Maol Íosa remained loyal to the English King (now Edward II), and assisted the English defence of Perth in 1313. He was captured by his son, Maol Íosa IV.

His son obviously persuaded King Robert to spare the father's life, but Maol Íosa nevertheless died in 1317. ~1354 Joan Douglas ~1364 William Douglas ~1360 Eleanor Douglas ~1332 - 1366 Joan Strathearn 34 34 ~1358 Mary Douglas ~1328 - 1400 3rd Earl Douglas Archibald "the Grim" Douglas 72 72 Archibald Douglas, 3rd Earl of Douglas
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Archibald Douglas, 3rd Earl of Douglas (c. 1328-1400), known as 'the Grim', was a Scottish nobleman. A cousin of William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas, he inherited the earldom of Douglas and its entailed estates following the death without issue of the 2nd Earl.

With his cousin, he had fought at Poitiers, where he was taken prisoner, but was released through ignorance of his real rank. On his return to Scotland he became constable and sheriff of Edinburgh, and, later, warden of the western marches, where his position was strengthened by his becoming Lord of Galloway in 1369, and by his purchase of the earldom of Wigtown in 1372. He further increased his estates by his marriage with Joan Moray, heiress of Bothwell.

During the intervals of war with the English he imposed feudal law on the border chieftains, drawing up a special code for the marches. He was twice sent on missions to the French court. The power of the Black Douglas overshadowed the crown under the weak rule of Robert III, and in 1399 he arranged a marriage between David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, the king's son and heir, and his own daughter, Marjory Douglas. Rothesay was already contracted to marry Elizabeth Dunbar, daughter of the earl of March, who had paid a large sum for the honour. March, alienated from his allegiance by this breach of faith on the king's part, now joined the English forces.

He died at Threave Castle, around christmas 1400, and was buried at Bothwell.

Marriage and issue
Around 1362 Douglas married Joan Moray, daughter of Maurice Moray, 1st Earl of Strathearn. They had four children.

Archibald Douglas, who succeeded as 4th earl
James Douglas, later the 7th earl
William Douglas
Marjory Douglas, married David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay
 ~1337 - 1409 Joannna Moray 72 72 ~1325 - 1400 Sir Archibald Douglas 75 75 1276 Lord of Flamstead Robert De Toeni ~1295 - 1346 8th Earl of Stathearn Maol Íosa V Strathearn 51 51 Maol Íosa V, Earl of Strathearn
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Maol Íosa V of Strathearn (also Maol Íosa of Orkney) was the last of the native Gaelic family of Strathearn mormaers. He ruled Strathearn as Mormaer/Earl between 1330 and 1334 , and Earl of Orkney between 1331 and 1350.

His career started off so promisingly. After the death of his father Maol Íosa IV in 1329, he inherited Strathearn. In 1330, he inherited the Earldom of Orkney (with the Mormaerdom of Caithness) through his great-grandmother, Earl Gilbert (Gille Brighde)'s daughter Maud, who had married Maol Íosa II.

Maol Íosa's downfall came as a result of renewed Balliol onslaught which followed the death of the great Robert I. Maol Íosa chose to side with Edward Balliol and the English, and fought for the Balliol side at the Battle of Halidon Hill. The Anglo-Balliol alliance, though, turned its back on Maol Íosa, awarding the Mormaerdom to John de Warenne, 8th Earl of Surrey.

Upon the return to power of King David II, Maol Íosa was forgiven, but his Mormaerdom was not restored, instead going to Sir Maurice de Moravia. The Mormaer spent the rest of his days vainly trying to regain it.

He had two wives, the second of whom was Marjory, daughter of Aodh, Earl of Ross. He had four daughters, but no sons. He died in 1350. Strathearn never returned to his heirs, who divided or competed over his more northern inheritance: a grandson named Alexander de l'Arde took seat in Caithness, whereas Erengisle Sunesson, the husband of one of his daughters (possibly named Agnes), received the earl's title of Orkney. Ultimately, lands in both of these and the Norse earldom (that by decision of Haakon VI of Norway in 1379 passed to his grandson Henry Sinclair I, Earl of Orkney, son of William Sinclair, Lord of Rosslyn, and Maol Iosa's (youngest) daughter Isobel of Strathearn.
 ~1312 - 1335 Margery MacAntagart de Ross 23 23 ~1268 - 1329 7th Earl of Strathearn Maol Íosa IV Strathearn 61 61 Maol Íosa IV, Earl of Strathearn
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Maol Íosa IV of Strathearn, who ruled Strathearn 1317 - 1329, is the seventh known Mormaer of Strathearn, but of course this is simply a source problem and in no way means that he was the seventh in actuality.

Maol Íosa was an ardent supporter of the cause of Robert de Brus during the Scottish Wars of Independence, even fighting against his father Maol Íosa III, whom he captured in 1313. Maol Íosa IV's with King Robert probably saved the life of old Maol Íosa.

He married a woman called Johanna, with whom he sired Mormaer Maol Íosa V, the last traditional Gaelic Mormaer of Strathearn.
 ~1335 2nd Earl of Strathearn Malise Moray ~1328 10th Lord of Rosslyn William Sinclair ~1352 - 1404 1st Earl of Orkney Henry Sinclair 52 52 Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney
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Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, Baron of Roslin, and Lord of Shetland (c.1345-c.1400), was a Scottish explorer and nobleman. He is sometimes identified by the alternate spelling Henry St Clair. He was the grandfather of William Sinclair, the builder of Rosslyn Chapel. He is also noted for being the subject of speculation that he undertook early explorations of Greenland and North America in about the year 1398. According to a biography published many years after his death, he died in battle against the English around the year 1400.

Little is known about Sinclair's life. Much has been written through conjecture, however, about his possible career as an explorer. In particular, starting in the 19th century, he was identified by one historian as possibly being the prince Zichmni described in letters allegedly written around the year 1400 by the Zeno brothers of Venice, in which they describe a voyage throughout the North Atlantic under the command of Zichmni.

The authenticity of the letters (which were not discovered and published until the 16th century), the exact course of the voyage, as well as whether or not it even occurred, has not been firmly established. Many historians regard the letters (and the accompanying map) as a hoax, either by the Zeno brothers or by the descendant who later published them. Moreover, the identification of Zichmni as Henry Sinclair is very controversial, although it is often taken for granted among supporters of the theory.

The most controversial theories speculate that Henry (Zichmni) traveled not only to Greenland but to present-day Nova Scotia, where he may have founded a settlement among the Micmac Indians, and perhaps as far south as present-day Massachusetts and Rhode Island. According to these theories, his expedition may have been responsible for the building of the Newport Tower and the carving of the Westford Knight.

The theory that Henry Sinclair explored North America is based on three separate propositions:

That the letters and map ascribed to the Zeno brothers and published in 1558 are authentic.
That the voyage described in the letters taken by Zichmni around the year 1398 actually reached North America.
That the Zichmni is Henry Sinclair.
 ~1330 Isabel Strathearn ~1270 Mary Strathearn ~1265 Sir John FitzRandoph de Moray ~1290 - 1346 1st Earl of Strathearn Sir Maurice Moray 56 56 ~1354 Joanna Douglas ~1275 - 1333 Simon Fraser 58 58 ~1324 - 1410 Hugh Fraser 86 86 ~1300 Margaret Strathearn ~1370 - 1441 Euphemia Fraser 71 71 ~1330 Agnes Graham ~1366 - 1440 Hugh Fraser 74 74 ~1350 Isobel Wemyss ~1295 - >1367 Joanna Menteith 72 72 ~1366 Agnes Fraser ~1371 - 1416 Alexander Fraser 45 45 ~1275 Isabella Jonsdatter ~1277 Maud (Matilda) Strathearn ~1349 Helen Douglas ~1351 Jean Douglas ~1359 Eleanor Douglas ~1363 William Douglas ~1361 Archibald Douglas ~1369 James Douglas ~1367 Mary Douglas ~1371 Eleanor Douglas Jean Moray ~1248 - 1328 Elizabeth Comyn 80 80 Generated by GenoPro®. Click here for details.