The Kingdom of Characene, located at the head of the Persian gulf, was c entered on the city of Charax Spasinou, an important stop in the trade f rom Mesopotamia and points west to India. Characene was founded in the 1 80s BC under Hsypaosines, and existed as an independent kingdom only fo r a short time before being conquered by the Parthians during the reign o f Mithradates I, after which it maintained a semi-autonomous exi stence under its own kings until the fall of the Arsacids in 224 AD Event: King of Characene Acceded bet 5 to 21