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Family Subtree Diagram : Elizabeth Underwood (1837)

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child) (three children) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (three children) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (three children) (four children) (three children) (a child) (a child) (three children) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (two children) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) (a child) Marriage (ten children) (two children) (two children) (a child) (a child) (three children) (two children) (four children) (a child) (four children) (a child) (four children) (a child) (a child) (four children) (two children) (a child) (a child) (a child) (two children) (four children) (four children) (a child) (a child) (a child) (seven children) (a child) (a child) (a child) (three children) (a child) (a child) (two children) (a child) (a child) (three children) 1815 Mary Roark 1808 - 1866 Abraham Hiram Underwood 58 58 1790 - 1850 Elizabeth Wardrum 60 60 1779 - 1862 Caleb Underwood 83 83 1810 Younger Richard Underwood 1815 Elizabeth Underwood 1820 - 1864 Mary Underwood 44 44 1822 Martha 'Patsy' Underwood 1823 - 1870 Joshua Underwood 47 47 1824 Frances Underwood 1819 - 1907 James Underwood 88 88 1790 Elizabeth Mudd 1832 Parthenia Underwood 1792 - 1830 William Roark 38 38 1817 Martha Roark 1818 - 1880 Elisha Roark 62 62 Rebecca Jane Roark 1825 William Roark Lewis Roark 1822 Sarah Roark 1769 - 1865 Sylvia Skaggs 96 96 Title: Diary Of Archibald Thompson
Author: Transcript provided by Jemima Gee Morse
Publication: Descendant of Rodden Thompson
Note: ABBR Diary Of Archibald Thompson  1770 - 1830 Reuben Roark 60 60 1789 Rachel Roark 1787 - 1830 John Roark 43 43 1795 Sarah Roark 1780 Keziah Powell Ogden 1766 - 1827 James Underwood 61 61 1739 Margaret Offill 1738 - 1804 Jonathan Underwood 66 66 William Underwood 1793 - 1880 Hiram Underwood 87 87 Jettester Underwood 1810 Younger Richard Underwood 1791 Peter Underwood 1798 - 1852 Ezerias Underwood 54 54 1808 Abraham Underwood 1718 Elizabeth Anderson 1708 - 1802 Nathan Underwood 94 94 1768 - 1819 Gideon Underwood 51 51 Mary Underwood Jonathan Underwood Margaret Underwood Diana 1679 - 1715 Nathan Underwood 36 36     Middlesex Co VA was established in 1669 from Lancaster Co VA

    1679-1716 of Christchurch, Middlesex Co., VA [Source: Lt. Col. Dave Underwood underwoo@earthlink.net on UNDERWOOD-L@rootsweb.com]

    **************************************************

    Posted Sunday, 03/05/2000 by Lt. Col. David Underwood

    This is my contribution for the day. I thought I would share the starting point of my family tree. Lots of  Underwood kin trace back to this member of our family. Still trying to discover who Nathan Underwood's (1679-1715) parents were to break the jam in my research.

    V/R Lt Col Dave Underwood

    Anchorage AK

    

    MIDDLESEX COUNTY, VIRGINIA STARTING POINT

    

    Our oldest ancestor discovered during my research was Nathan Underwood. He was born in 1679 and died 22 March 1715. He settled in Christchurch, Middlesex County, Virginia.  His wife's name was Diana, but we lack her family's last name. They were blessed with five children. Records indicated four children;  Elizabeth, John, Nathan, and Thomas. During our search of the Parish records reflected below we discovered another daughter, Ruth.  Elizabeth was born on 22 November 1700. John was born 29 September 1702 and died 24 October 1706. Nathan was born on 1 February 1707. On 13 September 1710  Ruth was born. Thomas' birth was recorded as 20 August 1713.

    

    The Middlesex Parish Register provided some insight to the family. Carolyn Hodges researched the document and revealed the following entries which are quoted exactly as written:

    

    pg 54....John Ye Son of Nathan Underwood & Diana his wife departed this life October Ye 24th And was Buried Ye 25th of Ye Same Anno Domini 1706.

    

    pg 67....Elizabeth Ye Daughter of Nathan & Diana Underwood his Wife was Born Ye 22nd Day of November & Baptized Ye 22d of December it being Ye Lords day In Statton Major Parrish in King & Queen County, By Emmanuel Jones Minister of Petsoe Parish in Gloucester County her Sureites being James Overstreet & Elizabeth Potter, Derby Cauniff & Hannah his Wife Ye day & time of her Nativity being Wednesday About Ye Dauwing of Ye day Anno Domini 1700.

    

    pg 67....John Ye Son of Nathan & Diana Underwood his Wife was Born Ye 24th Day of August About Ye dawning of Ye day it being Saturday & St. Bartholomew day, And was Baptized September Ye 29th being the Lord's day, by ye Reverend Bartholomew Yates In Christ Church his Sureties being John Townsend, Robert Johnson & Mrs. Elizabeth Dudley Anno

    .

    pg 71....Nathan Underwood Ye Son of Nathan Underwood & Diana his Wife was Born Ye 9th being friday about nine of Ye Clock in Ye Morning & Was Baptized february Ye 1st being Septuagesima Sunday.  In Christ Church by Ye Reverend Mr. Bartholomew Yates Minister of Ye Same; his Sureties being Joseph Goear, John Gibbs & Elizabeth Murry; Anno Domi 1707/08.

    

    pg 76....Ruth daughter of Nathan & Diana Underwood born 13th September baptized October 22d 1710.

    

    pg 85....Nathan Underwood dyed ye 22 March & was buried March 24 1715.

    

    pg 87....Thomas Son of Nathan and Diana Underwood born August 20th baptized August 24th 1713.

    

    Elizabeth married twice. First to John Shorter in 1722 in Middlesex County and they had a son Henry Shorter in 1724. She then married Thomas Walker in 1729 in the same county. Her son, Henry Shorter moved to Wilkes County, Georgia.

    

    A descendant of Ruth revealed that she married a James Mayo and died 6 February 1734, two days after giving birth to a son named Valentine.

    

    Christchurch is on the Chesapeake Bay northeast of Williamsburg, Virginia.  Part of Virginia's Middle Peninsula,  Middlesex county lies between the Rappahannock and Piankatank Rivers with Deltaville and Sting Ray point extending out into the bay. The town of Urbanna located in the middle of the county has historical roots as an important seaport in the area and is a popular spot for recreational boaters today. Deltaville, known over the years for its commercial fishing industry, is also transforming into a recreational tourist attraction.

    

    During this time period there was natural migration flow up the Rappahannock-Rapidan Valley, from Middlesex to Green and Madison Counties.

    ****************************************************


Was Nathan UNDERWOOD, Sr. of Christ Church Parish kin to Col. William UNDERWOOD of IofW and Old Rappa. whose widow, Elizabeth, m next Archdale Combs of Old Rappa.? In 1715/16 Dianna, w/o Nathan UNDERWOOD, Sr., wit. a power of attorney for one William HAMMETT. 1700 Elizabeth Underwood D. 1706 John Underwood 1690 - 1753 Elizabeth 63 63 1690 - 1778 George Anderson 88 88 Notes from http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=patander73&id=I03905

George Anderson is very likely the brother of John Anderson whose four sons settled in Augusta County. Accordingly the familiy traditions of that John state that he had a brother George and was reputedly born in Scotland and moved to Ulster, Ireland before coming to Philadelphia. George and John were likely then still residents of Philadelphia when they patented lands in the area of central Virginia and shortly thereafter relocated there.
Caution, George Anderson moved through the Augusta County Region and his records may become confused with his allegded nephew and grandnephew of Augusta who had lands in Augusta and were referred to as George Sr. and George Jr. Spotsylvania Co VA deed Cpl3, In 1734 Wm. Crawford made a deed of gift to Benjamin Coward & wife Elizabeth! 100 acres on upper side of Elk Run joining Thos Jackson, Wm. Crawford jun, & Thos Crawford. Witnesses were D. Bryne, George Anderson (his mark), William Crawford jun. (The mark George Anderson d1778 used was not an 'x', but was a rather elaborate capital 'A'. This 'A' appears as the mark on Spots deed Cpl3).George Anderson 01/10/1736 Orange Co. 350a fork of Robinson River beginning at Elk Run adj Nicholas Ware Virginia patents 16/407 Importation Records Orange Co, VA Order book 2 1739-1741 page 158 George Anderson came into court and made oath that he imported himself Elizabeth his wife, William Anderson, Margaret, John and Frances Andeson from Ireland to Philadelphia and from thence into this colony at his own charge and that this is the first time of his proving his rights in order to obtain land. May 22 1740. Order book 2 p 158 for his importation from Ireland of himself and wife and others including brother William. Culpeper Co VA deed BpP55-57, 1753, When George Anderson (mark 'A') wife Ann sold 100 acres to George Thompson in 1753 (on or near Elk Run), the deed said the patent was made to George Anderson in 1735. Witnesses were Nathan Underwood, Thomas Cofer (mark "T"), & George Eastham. 1742 George Anderson (SR?), Nathan Underwood, & George Anderson (Jr.?) were all in the same company of Augusta militia. VA COLONIAL MILITIA By Crozier p92 (eiditor note: this record may belong to George Sr. and Jr. of Augusta County.] 1744 George Anderson, Henry Dooley etc. were viewers of a road from the south side of the Shenandoah to the Falls of the Rappahannock. Orange Co VA order 4p218. In 1745 Thomas Cofer bought 70 acres on Elk Run in Madison Co VA, which tract joined the 1735/6 patent of George Anderson d1778. 1745 George Anderson proved a deed from Nathan Underwood to Christian Clement. Augusta Co VA order lpl 1746 George Anderson was constable on South River of the Shenandoah. Augusta order, one page before the entry of 13 May 1746 1749/50 Feb. George Anderson d1778 (mark 'A') sold 330 acres on the south branch of the Shenandoah. Augusta deed 2p514-515 1753 George Anderson d1778 sold 100 acres to George Thompson and sold 100 acres to Nathan Underwood. These tracts were part of his 1735/6 patent of 350 acres on Elk Run in present Madison Co Va. Culpeper Co VA deeds Bp55,57,59 1756 George Anderson d1778 "of Orange County" (i.e. probably present Greene) sold to John Powell 150 acres (the remainder of his grant on Elk Run).Culpeper Bp480 1760 George Anderson d1778"of Bedford County" bought about 200 acres, Bedford lp393 1768 George Anderson d1778 sold the same tract to Moses Dooley, probably his grandson. Bedford Co VA deed 3p189 The will of George Anderson d1778 mentions??my wife's son Thomas Cofer". Josias Cofer s/o Thomas Cofer d1791 was named executor. 1778, May: Will of George Anderson proved in Bedford Co., VA. Names children Jacob, George, Pattey Duley, Elizabeth Underwood, Anna Beazly, Sarah Early. Names his wife's son Thomas Cofer. (3) Will dt d 1778. Bequeathed his land to his son Jacob.

These notes on the Bedford County Anderson family kindly provided by: Mrs. A. Christine Davidson Kraft 611 Southcrest Court, St. Joseph, MO 64506 skraft@aol.com ! (1) "Over the Mountain Men - Their Early Court Records In Souther n Virginia," by Anne Lowry Worrell. Wills of Bedford Co. 1763-1803, p .35. (2) Carolyn Tayloe Davidson Carey, Greenwood Village, CO. Cites: (a ) Bible Records of Campbell, Bedford, Pittsylvania Co., VA. (3) "Campbell Chronicles and Family Sketches, Campbell Co., Virgini a 1782-1926," by R.H. Early (1927) p.345. ! Marriage to Anna __: (2) Marriage to __ __: (3) Appears to have married twice, the 2nd tim e to a widow, Mrs. Cofer. Death: (1) Will proved May 1778, Bedford Co., VA. (3) 1742-1758: A member of Augusta District Militia, though he had moved to Bedford Co., VA. (1) 1778, May: Will of George Anderson proved in Bedford Co., VA. Names children Jacob, George, Pattey Duley, Elizabeth Underwood, Anna Beazly, Sarah Early. Names his wife's son Thomas Cofer. (3) Will dt d 1778. Bequeathed his land to his son Jacob.

Subj: Lawrence Anderson Date: 10/21/99 10:19:18 PM Eastern Daylight Time From: michaelm@inna.net (mike marshall) To: patander73@aol.com Hi Patrick, [snip] I have been researching the Cof(f)er/Copher family for many years but have hit a brick wall with a Thomas Cofer who died testate in Culpeper County, VA (will proved there 1791). It is known that Thomas' mother's name was Ann(e). Some time after the death of Thomas Cofer's father (name unknown), Ann(e) married George Anderson of Culpeper. This George Anderson later moved to Bedford County, VA where he died testate. I have some information on the movements of George Anderson and he may be the George Anderson who was in St. Anne's parish, Essex County, VA in the late 1720s. I live in Essex County, having moved here about 4 years ago. In fact, I attend Vauter's Episcopal Church (completed in 1731) which is the upper church of St. Anne's parish. In any case, I've spent a good deal of time trying to link my Thomas Cofer (d.c.1791) to the Cof(f)er line of Charles County, MD. The progenitor of the Charles County lines appears to be a John Cofer who was transported to VA by Nathaniel Pope probably in the 1660s. He was claimed as a headright in 1666 by Thomas Pope (Nathaniel's son) and John Washington of Westmoreland County, VA. John Cofer was in Charles County, MD by at least 1673 according to the MD records. Interestingly, the Charles County Cofer line had a connection to Thomas Plunkett who died in Charles c.1717 (year his will was proved). This Thomas Plunkett did not seem to have any children. I have done some work on Virginia Plunket(t) lines trying to find a link to the Cof(f)er line. When I saw your post on Lawrence Anderson and a Mary Plunket, I became very interested, especially since you note their children were born in Maryland. I'd be very appreciative of the sources of your information on Mary Plunket, and the Maryland connection. Also, are you familiar with the George Anderson of Orange/Culpeper/Bedford I mentioned? I have some further information on him from a book on the Underwood family. Sincerely, Mike Marshall

Subj: [ANDERSON-L] Fw: ANDERSON/william H. /Green Co. Virginia Date: 98-12-04 00:20:50 EST From: skincaid@cwv.net (Sarah Kincaid) To: ANDERSON-L@rootsweb.com This is the only way I knew how to get this on the list without taking alot of time typing, I wanted to run this through the group and see if anyone from the Anderson list might like to add to it, this is the Anderson family I am searching for, this information was given me by a dear friend who I met through Rootsweb ,and is searching Anderson's also ,I would like to thank rootsweb and also Eugene Powell,again thanks to Rootsweb for making this possible. Sarah [editors note: informant reports information as above for George Anderson]
 1742 George Underwood 1744 Reuben Underwood 1745 Joseph Underwood 1747 Joshua Underwood 1749 Joel Underwood 1751 Elijah Underwood 1753 Gideon Underwood 1755 Sarah Underwood 1757 Ann Underwood 1702 Mary Rucker 1695 - 1756 William Offill 61 61 William Offill 1730 Elizabeth Offill 1725 John Offill Mary Offill 1660 - 1752 Elizabeth Fielding 92 92 1658 - 1742 Peter Rucker 84 84 Perhaps the previous Peter Ruckett is to be identified with the Peter Rucker who was naturalized in Virginia in 1704. (I am now quoting from the "Underwood Family" by Ben Coke.) His nationality is said to be unproven but apparently he was not English if he were naturalized. The next most popular nationality was German, though at this date it might have been French (Huguenot).

---

#

    At least one internet source indicates that Peter's father may have been a Thomas Rucker. Some sources also indicate that Peter may actually have been born in the vincinity of Alsace-Lorraine. "Peter Rucker,first of the name, settled in Virginia about 1690 (?). The tradition is that he was a French Huguenot, shipwrecked near the mouth of the James River, and that he swam ashore, living there for a time. A search of the land office does not show that he patented land there nor in Essex, where he was living in 1704, and paying tythes on 500 acres of land (Quit Rent). If he patented this tract of 500 acres, it was never recorded in the land office. Since no deeds appear in Essex County, he may have divided this land between his children before his death, for he did not divide it in his will. In 1743, his son William sold 193 acres, 'land received by inheritance.' Peter Rucker may have been a French Huguenot, for he was naturalized with a number of Frenchmen. . .From Brook's 'Emigrants', 'Many emigrants from France and Holland went to London first, where the expense of transportation in America was borne by the Relief Committee of London. They settled along the Patomac,Rappahannock, and James Rivers. The French Huguenots were exempt fromtaxes for fourteen years.' Peter was paying tythes in 1704, thereforeif he were from France or Holland, he must certainly have been here by 1690." (The Rucker Family, Chapt 1, Edith Rucker Whitley, posted onMcDaniel-King, Elaine King Kubinski, Ancestry World Tree Project database)

    "Footnotes: 1. It was previously thought Peter arrived in 1690, but that was taking into consideration that immigrants had to be in the country fourteen years to be naturalized. However, the law now believed applicable in the early 1700's required only a four year residence and the fourteen year residency requirement for aliens was a late 1700's law. Final approval of Peter's petition for naturalization was granted on 8 May 1704, leading us to believe he arrived in the year 1700: 2. No evidence has been found as to Peter Rucker's origin. His name is Germanic, yet he was naturalized with several French refugees, leading historians to believe he came from Alsace-Lorraine, an area that was part French, part German. In 1700, many French Huguenots arrived in Virginia." (McDaniel-King, Elaine King Kubinski, Ancestry World Tree Project database)

    "May have been born in Alsace, which was part of France at the time, but the name Rucker is of German or Dutch origin. Some sources state that Peter was a French Huguenot, while others claim he was born in Germany. Sources also give his father as either John or Ambrose Rucker. 1690 Peter Rucker emigrated to America aboard the ship 'The Rising Son'one of four sailing from Gravesent England with 700 passengers. ('TheRising Son' was a French ship captured by the British during a war with the French). The ship wrecked off the Virginia coast outside of Jamestown near the mouth of the James River. Peter and a few others were able to swim ashore." (Giants on the Earth, Betty Henderson, RootsWeb World Connect Project database)

    Peter Rucker "Had 10 children, most were born in the old country. Hiswife and six of their children arrived several years later. Born in Germany. Fled with his father and family from Germany or France during the uprising between Catholic and Protestants in 1685-1700. After a short stay in England, they were sent to the colonies. Was proceded in colonies by his two sons, John and Thomas. Many Huguenots were naturalized by proclamation in 1702. Peter was issued naturalization papers in1704. Since he had not been a resident long enough to qualify with special application, which was read and presented at the House of Burgesses 4/24/1704. Settled in Essex County, Virginia, which was later Spotsylvania County." (Weaver and Sanders Update, David Weaver, Ancestry World Tree Project database) "Rucker, Peter (c 1670/c 1743) Va; m. Elizabeth Fielding; Landowner" (Seventeenth Century Colonial Ancestors, Supplement I, p 52, On-Line Genealogy Library database) On 1736 June 15 - Peter Rucker was named as an executor in Thimothy Crosthwait's will. (Orange County Will Book 2, p. 229) .

    Reference (Will Book 1, p. 299) Orange County, Virginia - Will of Peter Rucker

    In the name of God amen, I, Peter Rucker of St. Marks Parish in the County of Orange, planter, being weak in body but of pursued mind and memory knowing that it is appointed for all men once to die do make andordain this my Last will and Testament in manner following:

    In primis, I do order that all my just debts and funeral charges be paid and satisfied.

    Item: I lend unto my beloved wife Elizabeth Rucker all my estate bothreal and personal during her natural life and after her decease to bedivided in the following manner.

    Item: I give and bequeath unto my beloved daughter Margaret Tinsley and my son-in-law Isaac Tinsley a negro boy named Yerkshire to them andtheir heirs forever.

    Item: I give and bequeath to my beloved son, Ephriam Rucker a negro girl named Phillis to him and his heirs forever.

    Item: I give and bequeath to my beloved daughter Ann Cook and my son in law Shem Cook a negro girl named Jeney to her and her increase to them and their heirs forever, Item I do desire that all the remainder of my estate both real and personal after my wifes decease as aforesaid to be sold by my Exr. hereafternamed at public auction to the highest bidder on six months credit for Curret Money the Buyer giving Good Security and the money arising by Sale to be equally divided amongst my beloved
    children by names as followeth, Thomas Rucker,Elizabeth Pierce, William Rucker, Mary Offell, James Rucker, Ephriam Rucker, and Ann Cook andto their heirs forever, and lastly I do Constitute and appoint my beloved sons, James Rucker and Ephriam Rucker to be my Whole and Sole Executors of this my last will and testament hereby revoking and Disannuling all other Testaments and wills by me made Confirming this and no other to be my Last will and Testament in witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and Seal this 18 day of January 1743. Signed sealed. Published in the presence of:

    Wm. Jackson his mark, Wm. Offell, Peter x Rucker Mich. Holt mark

    At a court held for Orange County on Thursday ye 23 day of Febry 1743.

    The Last Will and Testament of Peter Rucker Dec'd. being presented into Court by James Rucker and Ephriam Rucker Exrs. Therein named and proved by the oaths of Wm. Jackson and Mich. Holt two of the Witnesses Thereto who also made Oath that they saw William Offell sign the same as an evidence and the sd Exrs. having severally Taken the Oath of an Exr. and having entered into bond with Mic. Holt, George Holt and Richard Maudin Junr., their Securities, before their due Execution thereof, Probate is
    granted them and the said will together with the Bond was admitted torecord. Test: Jonath Gibson

    Will Probated 23 Feb 1743: lists 9 children, Other souces suggest that his children included 1. John Rucker - b. 1701, 2. Peter - b. 1703,3. Thomas - b. 1705, 4. Elizabeth Pearce - b. 1707, 5. Margaret Tinsley - b. 1702, 6. William - b. 1706, 7. Mary Offell - b. 1704, 8. James- b. 1709, 9. Ephriam - b. 1712 and 10. Ann Cook - b. 1705.

    See "History of the Rucker Family" (1964); see also United AncestriesLinked Pedigrees CD-Rom (1992)





Father: Ambrose Levi Rucker
Mother: Elizabeth Ann Beauchamp

Marriage 1 Elizabeth Fielding b: BET 1676 AND 1680 in Bristol, Gloucestershire, England

    * Married: ABT 1700 in Germany 4

Children

   1. Has Children John 'I' Rucker b: BET 1701 AND 1704 in Essex Co., VA. or England
   2. Has Children James Rucker b: BET 1706 AND 1709 in Essex Co., VA.
   3. Has Children Mary Rucker b: AFT 1700
   4. Has Children Ephriam Rucker b: BET 1700 AND 1720 in Essex Co., VA. or England
   5. Has Children William Rucker b: ABT 1715


Sources:

   1. Author: RootsWeb - MyFamily.com Inc.
      Title: Electronic - Worldconnect (unverified)
      Repository:
            Name: Internet - http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com
      Note:
      Source Medium: Electronic

      Needs Verification

      Page: Terrill/Terrell Descendants From Early VA. Immigrants / John Terrill Wayland Jr. - johnway@abts.net
      Text: suggests that Peter was b. as late as 1675 (?)
   2. Author: RootsWeb - MyFamily.com Inc.
      Title: Electronic - Worldconnect (unverified)
      Repository:
            Name: Internet - http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com
      Note:
      Source Medium: Electronic

      Needs Verification

      Page: Dinnen, Dement, Marcum, Earles, Benson, Carson: Michael T. Mcintosh, 20 March 2006 - michaeltmcintosh@hotmail.com
   3. Author: Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints
      Title: LDS AFN (unverified)
      Publication: Name: Name: Copyright (c) 1987, June 1998;;
      Repository:
            Name: Family History Library, 35 N. West Temple St., Salt Lake City UT. 84150, USA.
      Note:
      Source Medium: Church Record

      Page: 1HBD-G5, 1HBD-6R
   4. Author: RootsWeb - MyFamily.com Inc.
      Title: Electronic - Worldconnect (unverified)
      Repository:
            Name: Internet - http://worldconnect.rootsweb.com
      Note:
      Source Medium: Electronic

      Needs Verification

      Page: Agor Connections: 12 March 2004

    
 1683 - 1763 Thomas Rucker 80 80 In 1730, Thomas Rucker patented 876 acres adjacent to John Rucker and Thomas Jackson. There was, in 1704, a mention of a Peter Ruckett in the land patents.  1710 - 1797 Ephraim Rucker 87 87 1680 - 1742 John Rucker 62 62 In the Virginia patent records, the first mention of John Rucker is in 1727 when he patented 977 acres of land, just to the south of Michael Holt. The only neighbor that John Rucker mentioned in his patent was Michael, and I tend to think that the neighbors most likely to get mentioned are of the same nationality. Michael was just to the south of John Broyles and these two are usually considered as the southern tier of the Robinson River German community, but perhaps we should extend our range to include the Ruckers.

In this same neighborhood there was a John Venton with 1000 acres in 1728. He mentions as neighbors:


Michael Raffer (Kaifer),
Jacob Priall (Broyles),
Michael Holt, and
John Rucker.
Three of these four men are known Germans.

Peter died in 1743 and left several heirs, one of which was John, who is mentioned above. John was very active politically. He (John) had a sister, Mary, who married William Offill which sounds a lot like the German Apfel (i.e., Apple). A niece of John, Mary, married William Vawter, a family with connections to the Germans. John Rucker's sister, Margaret, married Isaac Smith (English), and this family had many German connections also.

---

In the year 1700 four shiploads carrying seven hundred passengers sailed f rom Gravesend, England, for the journey to the colonies. The ships land ed in Jamestown 1700. John and his brother Thomas were the leaders of t he passengers. The vessel in which John was sailing was wrecked in Jamesto wn Bay off the coast of Virginia and John floated for three days on a pie ce of driftwood, being picked up by a passing vessel. John's reward for h is role in bringing so many settlers to the new world was a grant from t he King of England of 5850 acres in what was then Orange County (now Amher st County including land that is now home to Sweet Briar College.)

John became a naturalized citizen in 1702 by a proclamation of the Gener al Assembly.

With John Lightfoot established St. Mark's Parish, in Orange County (now G reene County). Scott, in his History of Orange, says "John Lightfoot and J ohn Rucker were ordered to pitch on a place near some good spring" in 173 1. Scott ways this is the old church near Ruckersville in Greene County.

John was a vestryman and very influential member of the church. He was a C aptain in the Colonial Militia of Orange County in 1740. He deeded land f or Rucker's Chapel in 1745.

John had 12 children. In his will he left 1 shilling to his daughter Marga ret Smith. He greatly disapproved of her marriage to Isaac Smith.

Feby. 6, 1734. John Rucker of St. Mark's Parish, Spots. Co., to Peter Ruck er, Elizabeth Rucker, Peter Rucker, Jnr., and Ephraim Rucker. 20 pounds st erling currency, 420 acres--remainder of a patent granted said John Rucke r, in St. Mark's Par., Spots. Co. "Peter and Elizabeth Rucker, during the ir Natural lives, and afterwards to Peter Rucker, Junr., and Ephraim Rucke r," etc. Witnesses: G. Home, Joseph Delaney, John Johnson.

Feby. 6, 1733-4. John Rucker of St. Mark's Pa., Spots. Co., "to my siste r, Mary Rucker," love and affection and 1 pound sterling, To "Mary Ruck er and William Offall, her lawful husband," etc., etc. 100 acres in St. Ma rk's Parish Spots. Co. Dated, Feby. 6, 1730. Recd. Feby. 6, 1733-4. Witnes ses: G. Home, Joseph Delaney, John Johnson.

March 5, 1733. John Rucker of Spots. Co. to Phillip Stockdale of St Anne 's Par., Essex Co. 21 pounds sterling 5 shillings currency and 6000 lbs. t obacco 703 acres--150 acres thereof part of a patent granted said Rucker A ugt. 17, 1727, and 553 acres part of a patent granted Thos. Rucker June 1 6, 1730, and sold and made over to said John Rucker, as by Deeds, Feb y. 5, 1732. In Spots. Co. Thomas Chew, James Cox, Charles Stevens, witness es. Susannah, wife of John Rucker acknowledged her dower, etc.

His will:

In the name of God Amen. I John Rucker of St. Marks Parish in the coun ty of Orange a Planter, being weak in body but of perfect mind and memo ry and knowing that it is appointed to all men to die once, do make and or dain this my last will and testament in manner and form following:

Imprimis I do order that all my just debts and funeral charges be paid a nd satisfied . Item: I give to my well beloved wife Susannah Rucker four N egro by name of Bristol , Tony, Doll and Sue and one third part of my hous ehold and furniture and stock horses excepted, one horse I give to my wi fe named Roger. The four mentioned Negro to remain my wife's no longer th en her widowhood after to be sold and divided as the rest of my Estate her eafter mentioned.

Item. I give to my son Peter Rucker one black horse called Jockey and h is choice of my guns.

Item. I give to my son John Rucker one grey Horse called Oglesby and a g un the next choice after his brother.

Item. I give to Thomas Wright Belfield one lot in Fred K urg No.5 to him a nd his heirs forever.

My desire is that one half of my land on the branches of the James River m ay be sold by my Executors for six months credit to the highest bidder lik ewise my wagon and five horses and horse kinds in the same manner in ord er to pay my debts. I likewise leave my dwelling house and land thereun to adjoining to be sold at the direction of my Executors if my debts cann ot be complied with, if they can the dwelling house and land to rema in my wife's during her widowhood and if she marrys to be sold by way of a uction.

Item. I give to my well beloved sons Peter Rucker , John Rucker , Ambro se Rucker, Benj. A. Rucker, Rueben Rucker, Isacc Rucker, Anthony Rucker a nd to their heirs forever half the land I hold in the branches of the Jam es River to be equally divided between the seven brothers.

The rest of my Estate I desire may be equally divided between my beloved c hildren as follows: Peter Rucker, John Rucker , Sarah Rucker, Winifred Ruc ker, Ambrose Rucker, Benj. Rucker, Rueben Rucker, Isacc Rucker, Anthony Ru cker, Mildred Rucker, Phebe Rucker to them and their heirs forever.

Item I give to my daughter Margaret Smith one shilling Sterl.

And lastly I do constitute and appoint my beloved wife Susanah my Execut or and my beloved son Peter Rucker and my beloved friend George Tayl or my whole and sole Executors of this my last will and testament hereby r evoking and disallowing all other wills and testaments by me made and conf irming this my last will and testament. In witness thereof I have now s et my hand and seal this XI day of January 1742.

Signed and Sealed and Published in the presence of: Robert Seagre Joseph H awkins Richard Cross.

John Rucker Seal
 1709 - 1804 James Rucker 95 95 1642 - 1666 Elizabeth Ann Beauchamp 24 24 Possible information source?:

Call Number: ISBN 0-8063-0789-7
Title: Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages
Author: Sir Bernard Burke
Publication: Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, England, 1883
Abbrev: Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages
Note:
NS2162143

Source Media Type: Book
Page: p. 212, FitzWalter, Barons FitzWalter 1640 - 1681 Ambrose Levi Rucker 41 41 Isabella 1607 - 1661 Johann Georg Rucker 54 54 1579 Catherine Margaret Sources:

   1. Title: 1232 - Descendants of various Ruckers
      Author: Carla Leighton
      Note: Family history file - no sources given.
      Note: questionable
      Repository:
      Call Number:
      Media: Electronic  1577 William Conrad Rucker 1551 Hilda Maria Pepersach Sources:

   1. Title: 1232 - Descendants of various Ruckers
      Author: Carla Leighton
      Note: Family history file - no sources given.
      Note: questionable
      Repository:
      Call Number:
      Media: Electronic  1549 Hans Conrad Rucker 1520 Margaret Elizabeth Kuri 1517 Conrad Heinz Levi Rucker 1489 Victoria Weindl 1488 William Georg Rucker 1459 - 1491 Isabella Maria 32 32 1456 Richard Conrad Rucker 1426 Elizabeth Maria Malschuer 1423 Richard Levi Rucker 1405 Elizabeth 1400 Albert Henry Levi Rucker 1360 Catherine 1365 Albert Levi Rucker 1340 Helschmeltz Heintz Rucker 1368 Helschmeltz Ambrose Rucker 1302 Friederick Schmeltz Rucker 1551 Maria Rucker 1553 Georg Rucker 1579 Victoria Marie Rucker 1608 Conrad Rucker 1610 William Rucker 1611 Mary Margaret Rucker 1612 Gretchen Louise Rucker 1654 - 1692 Elizabeth Maria Polteney 38 38 1645 - 1693 Edward Fielding 48 48 1608 Elizabeth Neale 1604 Rogers Fielding Rev. Roger Feilding was an Episcopal Clergyman at Horton, Gloucestershire, England.His sons and grandsons used the Hapsburg Seal of the family from Newham Paddox, Warwickshire.
Source:William and Mary Quaterly, Series 1, Vol.18, p. 241-249. 1585 Elizabeth Ashton 1580 Basil Fielding 1558 - 1582 Dorothy Lane 24 24 1554 William Fielding 1495 Maud Parr 1509 - 1582 Ralph Lane 73 73 1548 - 1570 Goodith Willington 22 22 1500 Basil Fielding 1478 - 1539 Elizabeth Polterney 61 61 1474 - 1547 William Fielding 73 73 1456 Jellis Russell 1454 - 1514 Everard Fielding 60 60 1430 Agnes De St. Liz 1428 - 1471 William Fielding 43 43 1400 Margaret Purefoy 1395 John Fielding 1403 Jane Bellers 1360 John De St. Liz 1370 Joan Prudhome 1375 William Fielding 1320 Agnes De Napton 1311 Geffrey Fielding 1330 Julian De Newnham 1325 William Prudhome 1270 Matilda Maud De Colville 1270 Geffrey Fielding 1275 Alice Of Misterton 1275 John De Napton 1245 Richard Misterton 1382 Margareta Knightley 1379 William Purefoy 1358 Margaret Chetwynd 1355 - 1403 William Purefoy 48 48 1362 Joan Giffard 1364 Richard Knightley 1370 William Bellers 1355 Margaret Bernacke 1335 James Bellers 1310 Agatha De Bingham 1305 Rafe Bellers 1339 - 1401 Mary Bernacke 62 62 1332 - 1355 William Bernacke 23 23 1283 Alice Bertram 1278 - 1307 Richard De Bingham 29 29 1309 - 1349 John Bernacke 40 40 1450 Thomas Polterney 1565 - 1615 Joyce Neisom 50 50 1559 Walter Ashton 1520 Elizabeth Barton Creswell 1515 - 1556 Leonard Ashton 41 41 1266 Ralph of Bingham Bugge 1231 Ralph of Bingham Bugge 1206 - 1248 Ralph Bugge 42 42 1188 Woolaton 1180 Richard Bugge 1160 Richard Bugge 1265 Alice Gubium 1265 - 1302 Roger Bertram 37 37 1243 - 1302 Robert III Bertram 58 58 1221 Laderma 1219 - 1262 Roger Bertram 43 43 1197 Sarah 1187 - 1239 Richard Bertram 52 52 1160 - 1214 Robert Bertram 54 54 1138 Menebell Gisulph 1135 - 1177 Richard Bertram 42 42 1105 Hawise de Merlay 1112 Simon Gisulph 1048 Sibilla de Mitford 1045 - 1086 Richard Bertram 41 41 At the time of the Conquest, the Castle of Mitford, in Northumberland, was held by Sir John de Mitford, whose only daughter and heiress, Sibella Mitford, was given in marriage by the Conqueror to a Norman knight of the name of Richard Bertram, and from this alliance sprang the Lords Bertram of Mitford. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 52, Bertram, Barons Bertram, of Mitford] 1021 Gisela de Bastenburg 1020 William Bertram 1026 De Mitford 1026 John de Mitford 1000 Thurstan de Bostenburgh 1154 Aline Bertram 1086 Reginald Gisulph 1028 Mitford 1680 John Offill 1664 Hannah 1660 - 1712 William Offill 52 52 On the internet one can often find that William, his wife Hannah, and their son John were born in Nansemund County Virginia But on p. 5 of "Cavaliers and Pioneers, Abstracts of Virginia Land Patents and Grants, Volume 3, 1695-1732" abstracted by Nell Marion Nugent, Virginia State Library, Richmond, 1979. (Abstracted from Patent Book 9) it states that Charles Wilkes receive a land patent for the “imp of 17” persons including Wm. Ofell, Jno. Ofell, Hannah Ofell. The date of the patent was 25 Oct. 1695. Is it then safe to assume they were not born in the new world? Does anyone know how long after arrival such patents were issued?
In some places on the internet, it is stated that William died in Westmoreland Connecticut. I believe that should be Virginia. Ancestry.com has a reference to his will in 1712 in Westmoreland, VA. (name spelled Offile). Does anyone know more of the details of the will?
Ken Offill 1710 Ruth Underwood 1713 - 1717 Thomas Underwood 4 4 John Shorter 0994 Oda de Conteville 1661 Anthony Shorter 1636 William Shorter Susannah 1609 John Shorter [JohnShorter.FTW]

John was the first Shorter to come to the New World. He arrived about 1635 aboard the ship "Thomas & John". Supposedly his wife, Marie Shorter arrived in America on the ship Assurance about a month later. 1610 Marie 0874 Einar Rognvaldsson 0860 Hrollaug Rognvaldsson 1144 - 1185 Isabel Avenal 41 41 0850 Helwise of Friuli 1014 - 1081 Adeline de Meulan 67 67 0990 - 1069 Waleran de Meulan 79 79 Title: Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 2943

Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 50-24

Title: The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968
Page: 100 1002 Marie de Meulan 0965 - 0997 Hugh Robert de Meulan 32 32 # Note: Title: The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968
# Note: Page: 100 0974 Alix de Vexin 0935 - 0967 Robert de Meulan 32 32 0905 - 0986 Waleran de Meulan 81 81 0944 - 1027 Gautier de Vexin 83 83 # Note: Walter II, "The White", Count of Vexin, Valois, and Amiens; built the Castle of Crespy in Valois, founder of Monastery of St Arunulf, Valois, 1008; married Adela and died 1017-24. [Burke's Peerage]
# Note: Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
# Note: Page: 250-19
# Note: Title: Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
# Note: Page: 2757
# Note: Title: The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968
# Note: Page: 100
# Note: Text: Gauthier II Count de Vexin 0967 Adele de Senlis 0919 - 0955 Bormard de Senlis 36 36 0925 - 0998 Gauthier de Vexin 73 73 # Note: Walter I, Count of Amiens and probably Vexin and Valois; married Adela, probably daughter of Fulk I, Count of Anjou, and died 992-98. [Burke's Peerage]
# Note: Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
# Note: Page: 250-18
# Note: Title: Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
# Note: Page: 2757 0914 - 1017 Adele de Dreux 103 103 0845 - 0895 Huebold of Ostrevant 50 50 0885 - 0936 Raoul de Gouy 51 51 0895 Eldegarde Amiens 1022 - 1054 Lambert of Lens 32 32 Sources:

   1. Abbrev: The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants
      Title: Gary Boyd Roberts  1029 - 1087 Adeliza of Normandy 58 58 1170 - 1216 Eustace de Vescy 46 46 # Note:

    EUSTACE DE VESCY, 1st son and heir, was born 1169-71. He attended Richard's 2nd Coronation at Winchester, 17 April 1194, and was with him at Chinon, in France, 12 December following. In 1199 he was one of the guarantors of the treaty between John and Reinald, Count of Boulogne, sealed at La Roche d'Andely, 18 August, and in the same year, probably later, he was sent to William the Lion of Scotland to promise him satisfaction of his rights in England and to secure his fidelity to John. On 22 November 1200 he was one of the witnesses of William's homage at Lincoln. In April 1209 he was deputed, with others, to meet William the Lion on his visit to King John, and in the following year he was with the King in Ireland. In 1212, being one of the first of the barons to incur John's suspicions of his fidelity, he fled to Scotland and was outlawed, his property being seized. After John's submission to the Pope he had to invite Eustace back, 27 May 1213, although on the same day orders were sent to Philip de Ulecot to destroy his castle at Alnwick. On 18 July following he and others received John's pledge to abide by the Pope's decision concerning his excommunication. Eustace's lands were restored on the next day and the warrant for slighting Alnwick Castle was revoked. In November 1214 he was warned by the Pope not to trouble the King by reason of John's previous disputes with the barons; and in the following spring he was pleading the barons' cause at the papal court. He was among the leaders of the barons who wrung the charter from John, 15 June 1215, and was one of those appointed to see its provisions carried out. On 16 December 1215 he and other magnates were excommunicated by the Pope.

# Note:

    He married, in 1193, at Roxburgh, Margaret, illegitimate daughter of WILLIAM THE LION, KING OF SCOTLAND, by (----), daughter of Adam DE HYTHUS. While marching from the north to do homage to Louis of France at Dover, he was killed at Barnard Castle, August 1216 (h). His widow was living, 13 November 1218, and probably in 1226. [Complete Peerage XII/2:275-6, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]

# Note:

    (h) Louis of France landed at Thanet, 21 May 1216, at the invitation of the baronial party. In marching to meet him, Alexander II of Scotland and his brother-in-law, Eustace de Vescy, "virum nobilem et potentum", laid siege to Barnard Castle, which was held by Hugh de Balliol for the King. During an assault on the castle Eustace was shot through the head by an arrow and killed.

---------------------------------------------

    Eustace de Vesci, who attaining majority in the 2nd Richard I [1191], gave 2,300 marks for the livery of his lands, with liberty to marry whom he pleased. In the 14th King John [1213], when the first commotion arose amongst the barons, the king, hastening to London, summoned all the suspected lords thither and forced each to give hostages for his peaceable demeanor. But this Eustace, one of the most suspected, refused to attend the summons and fled into Scotland, whereupon all his possessions in England were seized upon by the crown and a special command issued to demolish his castle at Alnwick. But a reconciliation between the kind and his turbulent nobles soon afterwards taking place through the influence of the legate Pandulph, Eustace had restitution of his estates. But this was a deceitful calm -- the winds were only stilled to rage with greater violence -- the baronial conflict ere long burst forth more furiously and was only allayed by those concessions on the part of the crown, which have immortalized the plains of Runnymede. The cause of this celebrated quarrel, in which, by the way the people had little or no immediate interest, was doubtless of long standing and was based on  the encroachment of the Sovereign on the privileges of the nobility, but the spark that ignited the flame was personal injury; an affront inflicted by King John on this Eustace de Vesci. "Hearing," writes Sir William Dugdale, "that Eustace de Vesci had a very beautiful wife, but far distant from the court, and studying how to accomplish his licentious desires toward her, sitting at table with her husband and seeing a ring on his finger, he laid hold on it and told him that he had another such stone, which he resolved to set in gold in that very form. And having thus got the ring, presently sent it to her in her husband's name, by that token conjuring her, if ever she expected to see him alive, to come speedily to him.  She, therefore, upon sight of the ring, gave credit to the messenger and came with all expedition. But it so happened that her husband casually riding out met her on the road, and marvelling much to see her there, asked what the matter was, and when he understood how they were both deluded, resolved to find a common woman and put her in apparel to personate his lady." The king afterwards boasting to the injured husband of the favours he had received, Eustace had the pleasure of undeceiving him, "whereat the king grew so enraged that he threatened to kill him; Eustace, therefore, apprehending danger, hastened into the north, divers of the nobles whose wives they king had vitiated accompanying him. And being grown strong by the confluence of their friends and others, seized his castles, the Londoners adhering to them." When John was subsequently brought to submission, Eustace de Vesci was one of the twenty-five Barons appointed to enforce the observance  of Magna Carta, but he was slain soon after, about 1216, by an arrow from the ramparts of Barnard Castle (belonging to Hugh de Baliol), which he had commenced besieging, or was about to attack. He had m. Margaret, natural dau. of William, King of Scotland, and was s. by his son, William de Vesci. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 555, Vesci, Barons Vesci]

------------------------------------------------

    Eustace de Vesci, one of the twenty-five barons appointed to enforce the observance of Magna Carta, elder brother of Warine de Vesci (father of Margerie who m. Gilbert de Aton), succeeded his father, William de Vesci; m. Margaret, dau. of  William and sister of Alexander, kings of Scotland; and, dying about 1216, was s. by his son, William de Vesci. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 15, Aton, Barons de Aton]

Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: XII/2:275-276 ~1146 - >1185 Burga de Stuteville 39 39 1166 Maud de Vesci 1090 - 1115 Beatrix de Vescy 25 25 1065 Yves de Vescy # Note: Marriage to Ada de Tyson, a rich heiress, bestowed by William I for father's distinguished services.
# Note:
# Note: Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
# Note: Page: XII/2:273-274 1075 Alda Tyson # Note: Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
# Note: Page: XII/2:273-274 1040 Yvo de Vesci 1105 - 1183 Robert de Stuteville 78 78 # Note:

    From Robert were descended the territorial lords of Cottingham, whose male line terminated in the 17th of Henry III [1233]. [John Burke & John Bernard Burke, Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland, and Scotland, Second Edition, Scott, Webster, & Geary, London, 1841, p. 486, Skipwith, of Newbold Hall]

---

    The family of Skipwith, originally written Schypwyc, denominated from a town and lordship so called in the East Riding of York, descends from Robert de Estoteville, Baron of Cottingham, in the time of the Conqueror, of whom and his descendants, the feudal lords of Cottingham, Dugdale treats at great length in the Baronage. [John Burke & John Bernard Burke, Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland, and Scotland, Second Edition, Scott, Webster, & Geary, London, 1841, p. 486, Skipwith, of Newbold Hall]

---

The above source has Patrick de Skipwith descending from Robert's father (also Robert). Burke's Peerage indicates that Patrick was a younger son of this Robert.

---

Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 88-26

Title: Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 2633

Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: XII/2:275

---

ROBERT III de Stuteville of Cottingham, Kettleby Thorpe, Yorks. and Bigby, Lincs. In 1138 he fought at the Battle of the Standard. Instigated claims to recover property confiscated from his grandfather in 1147 and was granted 10 knights' fees by Nigel de Mowbray which included the manor of Kirkby Moorside and land in Warwickshire shortly after 1154.

Supervisor of the works of Bamburgh castle in 1166 and sheriff of Yorkshire from Easter 1170 to Michaelmas 1175. Benefactor to the abbeys of St Mary's York, Byland, Rievaulx and Meaux and the priory of Durham. A charter of confirmation to Rievaulx abbey c. 1160-1183 for the health of his soul and the souls of Robert de Stuteville his grandfather, Robert his father, Erneburga his mother and Helewise his wife, and with the consent of his son William, presents the Stuteville family over four generations. ['Robertusde Stutevilla.sciatis me dedissee et confirmasse Deo et Ecclesiae S. Mariae Rievallis, pro salute animae meae, et Roberti de Stutevilla, avi mei, et Roberti, patris m mei, et Erneburge, matris meae, et Helewisae uxoris meae, . in perpetua melemosinam, concessu Willelmi filii mei, et aliorum filiorum meorum, totam terram de Houetona.' J.C.Atkinson (ed.), 'Rievaulx Cartulary', p.80]. He married, before 1145, Helewise whose parentage is not known and they founded Keldholm priory, a Benedictine nunnery. As 'domina Helewis uxor Roberti de Stuteuilla' with Osmund 'filius ejus' she witnessed a charter of William de Vescy to the brethren of Farne Island in about 1183. Robert had an interest in Cowesby as shown by a charter of notification dated around 1164-74, by Roger archbishop of York of the settlement of the controversy between Hugh bishop of Durham and Robert de Stuteville relating to the chapel of Cowesby. The dispute continued, however, after his death under the aegis of his son Osmund. Robert died in 1183.

----------------------------

From Robert were descended the territorial lords of Cottingham, whose male line terminated in the 17th of Henry III [1233].[John Burke & John Bernard Burke, Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland, and Scotland, Second Edition,Scott, Webster, & Geary, London, 1841, p. 486, Skipwith, of Newbold Hall]

----------------------------

The family of Skipwith, originally written Schypwyc, denominated from a town and lordship so called in the East Riding of York, descends from Robert de Estoteville, Baron of Cottingham, in the time of the Conqueror, of whom and his descendants, the feudal lords of Cottingham, Dugdale treats at great length in the Baronage. [John Burke & John Bernard Burke, Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland, and Scotland, Second Edition, Scott, Webster, & Geary, London, 1841, p. 486, Skipwith, of Newbold Hall]

Note: The above source has Patrick de Skipwith descending from Robert's father (also Robert). Burke's Peerage indicates that Patrick was a younger son of this Robert.

---

Sources:
Title: Paul B. McBride's Genealogy
Abbrev: Paul B. McBride's Genealogy
Author: Paul B. McBride
Title: Horrocks, Philips, Winget, Keeler, Clark, Watson, Lockwood, Strong, Gates and ancestors
Abbrev: Horrocks, Philips, Winget, Keeler, Clark, Watson,
Author: Lloyd A. Horocks
Title: The Phillips, Weber, Kirk and Staggs Family
Abbrev: The Phillips, Weber, Kirk and Staggs Family
Author: Jim Weber 1114 - >1183 Hawise Murdoc 69 69 <1145 - 1173 Osmund de Stuteville 28 28 1138 Robert Stuteville 1070 - 1106 Robert de Stuteville 36 36 # Note:

    Robert de Estoteville acquired a great inheritance with his wife, Eneburga, daughter and heir of Hugh, son of Baldrick, a great Saxon thane, and among other lands, had the lordship of Schypwyc, or Skipwic. He left three sons, Robert, Osmund, and Patrick. [John Burke & John Bernard Burke, Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland, and Scotland, Second Edition, Scott, Webster, & Geary, London, 1841, p. 486, Skipwith, of Newbold Hall]

---

Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 247-24

Title: Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 13
Text: Robert II de Stuteville 1050 - 1118 Hugh FitzBaldrick 68 68 Note: Doomesday Lord Tennant in Yorkshire 1116 Patrick de Stuteville 1116 - 1192 Osmund de Stuteville 76 76 1110 - 1184 John de Stuteville 74 74 1040 - 1107 Robert de Stuteville 67 67 Note: Robert ("Grandboelle") d'Estouteville, Sire d'Estouteville, Normandy, a companion of William I (The Conqueror). [Burke's Peerage]

---

Robert de Stuteville or D'Estuteville, called Grundeboef or Fronteboe, in 7th of Henry I was made prisoner by the king at the Battle of Tenerchbray, where he was taken fighting on the part of Robert Curthose (Robert of Normandy, Crusader, son of William, the Conqueror, and older brother of Henry I) against that king, for which his lands were seized and given to Nigel de Albini. 1010 - 1090 Robert de Stuteville 80 80 # Note: Fought at Battle of Hastings.
# Note:
# Note:
# Note: Title: The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968
# Note: Page: 106 1020 Jeanne de Talbot 0992 Roger de Verdun 1004 Hugh de Talbot 0976 Sprotte de Crepy 0993 Guillaume de Grandmesnil 1205 - 1266 John de Grey 61 61 John (Sir) [2nd son], of Shirland, Derbys; Justice of Chester. [Burke's Peerage]

Chief Justice of Chester.
Governor of Dover Castle.
Constable of Gannock Castle

Title: The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 51-3

Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 187-4

Title: Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 1226
Text: no date given

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Sheriff of Buckingham; Chief Justice of Chester; Governor of Dover Castle; Constable of Gannock Castle

Sir John De Grey, was sheriff of Buckingham and Bedford in 1233. He was summoned with horse and arms to attend King Henry III. into Flanders in 1241. He married the Lady Joane, widow of Pauline Pevere. He was very loyal to the King and held many high offices and died in 1265.

SIR JOHN DE GREY held the office of Sheriff for the counties of Buckingham and Bedford (1233.) Made an expedition into Flanders with King Henry III in 1241. In 1252, he was appointed governor of Northampton Castle and the next year was made Stewart of all Gascony. Four years later he was nominated to the governorship of Shrewsbury Castle, and constable of that of Dover. In 1262 he was Sheriff of Herefordshire and governor of Hereford Castle. The next year he had custody of all the lands of Anker de Frescheville, in the counties of Nottingham and Derby He was appointed Sheriff of Nottingham and Derby. He died in 1265 and was succeeded by his son, Reginald.
 1208 Emma de Glanville 1235 - 1264 Emma de Grey 29 29 0870 Ermenfroi Amiens 0852 - 0890 Rognvald Eysteinsson 38 38 # Occupation: Romsdal
# Note:

    Rogenwald was a supporter of King Harold Harfagr, and assisted him in obtaining the mastery over the other independent Norwegian chiefs, and in establishing himself as King of all Norway. He was Earl of More and Raumdahl in Norway, and in 888, he obtained from King Harold a grant of the Orkney and Shetland islands. One of his sons, Rollo, conquered Neustria, founded the line of sovereign Dukes of Normandy, and was ancestor to William the Conqueror. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 492, Sinclair, Earl of Orkney]

# Note: EARLDOM of ORKNEY [NOR] - subject to King of Norway until after 1379

    RAGNVALD I the Wise, called the Morejarl, son of Eystein Glumra, Jarl of the Uplanders in Norway, grandson of Ivar son of Halfdan the Old, was made Jarl of North and South More and of Raumsdal in Norway by King Harald Haarfagri after his victory of Solskiel circa 869 over Hunthiof, King of More, and Nokve, King of Raumsdal. In that year he surprised Vermund, King of Fiordeland, at Notsdal and burned him in his hall with 90 men. Later King Harald married his sister Swanhilda and had issue, In (?) 874 King Harald made an expedition to the Nordreys (Orkney and Shetland) to enforce his authority over those who had fled thither in order to escape from it in Norway. Either during this expedition or previously at the battle of Hafrsfiord circa 872 Ivar, the eldest son of Ragnvald, was killed and the King gave the Orkneys and Shetlands to Ragnvald as compensation. When the King started home for Norway, (?) Spring 875, Ragnvald, who went with him, gave the islands to his brother Sigurd, and the King confirmed the transfer, Ragnvald was surprised in his hall and burned alive circa 894 by Halfdan Haaleg and Gudred Liomi, King Harald's sons by Snaefrid, dau. of Swasi.

    By his wife Ragnhild, dau. of Hrolf Nefia, he had 3 sons: Ivar, who was killed in battle ut supra, Rolf the Ganger, afterwards 1st Duke of Normandy, and Thori the Silent, who was made Jarl of More in succession to his father by Ring Harald Haarfagri circa 894, after Gudred Liomi, who had seized More on the death of Jarl Ragnvald, had been dispossessed by the King. By an earlier union with a nameless girl, whose kindred were all slave-born, Ragnvald had 3 sons, described as bastards: Hallad, 4th Earl of Orkney, Turf-Einar, 5th Earl of Orkney, and Hrollaug, an unwarlike man, who settled at Eyiafiord in Iceland and had issue. [Complete Peerage, X:Appendix A:3-4]

# Note: Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
# Note: Page: 121e-17
# Note: Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
# Note: Page: X:A:3-4 0858 Ragnhild Hrolfsdottir # Note: Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 121e-17
Text: Hiltrude or Raginhilde

# Note: Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: X:A:3 0826 Hrolf Nefja (Nefia) # Note: Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
# Note: Page: 121e-17
# Note: Text: Hiltrude or Raginhilde
# Note: Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
# Note: Page: X:A:3 0834 Hilder de Nefus 1833 - 1868 Elizabeth Underwood 34 34 1845 - 1917 Nancy A. Underwood 71 71 1796 Nancy Warren 1075 Erneburga FitzBaldrick 1150 Isabel of Scotland Note: illegimate 1143 - 1214 William of Scotland 71 71 William I (Wm. the Lion, Wm. Leo, Wm. Dunkeld and Wm. Canmore, I), king of Scotland (r. 1165-1214), was born in 1143. He succeeded Malcolm IV.

William is believed to be the founder of Arbroath Abbey where the Declaration of Arbroath was later drawn up. He was known as the Lion because of his flag, or standard, a red lion rampant on a yellow background. This went on to become the Royal standard of Scotland and is still used today by the British Monarch when in Scotland.

William also arranged the Auld Alliance, the first treaty for mutual self defence between nations. The treaty was agreed by Scotland, France, and Norway. Although Norway never took much part in it, it played some part in Franco-Scottish affairs until 1746.

William also inherited the title of Earl of Northumbria in 1152. However he was forced to give up this title to King Henry II of England in 1157. This caused trouble after William became king, since he spent a lot of effort trying to regain Northumbria. In 1174 during a raid in support of the revolt by Henry's wife and sons, William was captured by Henry's troops and taken in chains to Northampton, and then transferred to Falaise in Normandy. Henry then sent an army to Scotland and occupied it. As ransom and to regain his kingdom, William had to acknowledge Henry as his feudal superior and agree to pay for the cost of the English army's occupation of Scotland by taxing the Scots. This he did by signing the Treaty of Falaise. He was then allowed to return to Scotland. The Treaty of Falaise remained in force for the next fifteen years. At the end of that time the new English king, Richard the Lionheart, agreed to terminate it in return for 10,000 silver marks. Richard needed the money to take part in the Third Crusade.

William died in Stirling on the 4th December 1214 and was buried in Arbroath Abbey. He was succeeded by his son, Alexander II.


William the Lion (1143-1214), king of Scotland (1165-1214). He was a grandson of King David I and the brother of Malcolm IV, whom he succeeded. After a quarrel with King Henry II of England, William concluded an alliance between Scotland and France in 1168. In 1173, with King Louis VII of France, he aided Henry's sons in their unsuccessful rebellion against their father. William invaded Northumberland, and the next year, while raiding the countryside near Alnwick, he was captured by the English, who took him to Normandy (Normandie). He was able to obtain his freedom only by assenting to the Treaty of Falaise, which acknowledged Henry as overlord of Scotland. In 1188 William secured a papal bull guaranteeing the independence of the Scottish church from that of England, and in 1189 Henry's son Richard, who had succeeded him as king, annulled the Treaty of Falaise, surrendering all claims to suzerainty over Scotland in return for a large payment. William was succeeded by his son, Alexander II.

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Muirchertach mac Muiredaig (died c. 534), called Mac Ercae, Muirchertach Macc Ercae and Muirchertach mac Ercae, was said to be High King of Ireland. The Irish annals contain little reliable information on his life, and the surviving record shows signs of retrospective modification. The Aided Muirchertaig Meic Erca takes as its theme the supernatural death of Muirchertach.

According to the genealogies Muirchertach belonged to the Uí Néill and was the son of Muiredach, son of Eógan, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages; hence Muirchertach mac Muiredaig. His mother, "clearly legendary" according to Thomas Charles-Edwards, was said to be Erc, daughter of "Lodarn, king of Alba". From the matronym comes his alternative name, Muirechertach Macc Ercae. However, Mac Ercae was a common enough first male first name.[1] The annalistic entries for Muirchertach span fifty years, from 482 to his death in 534, using various names, including Mac Ercae, so that it is more than likely that two or more persons have been confused in the annals.

The first mentions of Muirchertach in the Annals of Ulster, in 482 and 483, associate him, under the name Muirchertach Macc Ercae, with the defeat and killing of Ailill Molt at the battle of Ochae, somewhere in the Irish midlands.[2] One entry names Lugaid mac Lóegairi as his ally there, the other names Fergus Crook-mouth, father of Diarmait mac Cerbaill.[3] In 485 are mentioned the battle of Grainert, perhaps near Castledermot,[2] where Coirpre mac Néill, "or Mac Ercae… as other state", defeated the Leinster king Finnchad mac Garrchon.[4] In 490 or 491, Óengus mac Nad Froích is said to have been killed at the battle of Cell Losnaid, and the second entry reports that "Mac Ercae was the victor".[5] Muirchertach Mac Ercae is said to have won the battle of Inne Mór against the Leinstermen in 498.[6] Many of the entries from the 480s and 490s appear to have been modified, to give Muirchertach the credit for victories won by Coirpre mac Néill and perhaps by Coirpre's son Eochu.[7]

The obituary of Lugaid mac Lóegairi appears in 512, and in the following year the annalist reports the beginning of the reign of Muirchertach Mac Ercae. The next report is in 520, duplicated in 523, stating that Muirchertach was among the victors at the battle of Dethna. Another battle follow in 528, again repeated some years later, in 533, with more detail.[8] Muirchertach's death is reported in 534, with obvious supernatural overtones: "The drowning of Muirchertach Mac Erca i.e. Muirchertach son of Muiredach son of Eógan son of Niall Naígiallach in a vat full of wine on the hilltop of Cleitech above Bóinn."[9] Muirchertach was said to be followed as High King by Túathal Máelgarb. Muirchertach's descendants in time took the name Cenél maic Ercae and were the dominant branch of the Cenél nEógan by the middle of the 8th century.

The 12th-century Middle Irish tale Aided Muirchertaig Meic Erca is an account of the supernatural death of Muirchertach. Here Muirchertach dies in the House of Clettach, drowned in a vat of wine, burned by fire, and crushed by a falling roof beam, near Brú na Bóinne, beguiled by the illusions of the otherworldly maiden Sín into believing that he is being attacked by Túathal Máelgarb.[10]

Notes

   1. ^ Charles-Edwards, "Muirchertach mac Muiredaig".
   2. ^ a b Onomasticon Goedelicum.
   3. ^ Annals of Ulster, s.a. 482 & 483.
   4. ^ Annals of Ulster, s.a. 485; the duplicate entry s.a. 486 has "the first battle of Graineret in which Muirchertach Mac Ercae was victor".
   5. ^ Annals of Ulster, s.a. 490 & 491.
   6. ^ Annals of Ulster, s.a. 498, s.a. 499 has "A battle in which Mac Ercae was victor". The entries for 501 and 502 have another doublet, one naming Mac Ercae, one naming Muirchertach Mac Ercae, for the battle of Segais fought against Connacht.
   7. ^ Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 447 ff.
   8. ^ Annals of Ulster, s.a. 512, 513, 520, 523, 528, & 533.
   9. ^ Annals of Ulster s.a. 534; for supernatural aspects see, for example, Charles-Edwards, "Muirchertach mac Muiredaig" and Byrne, p. 103.
  10. ^ Byrne, pp. 100–105; Wiley. Compare the death of Diarmait mac Cerbaill; Byrne, pp. 97–99.

References

    * The Annals of Ulster AD 431-1201, 2003, http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100001A/index.html, retrieved 2007-10-24
    * Byrne, Francis John (1973), Irish Kings and High-Kings, London: Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Charles-Edwards, T.M. (2004), "Muirchertach mac Muiredaig (d. 534)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/19501, retrieved 2007-10-22
    * Connon, Anne (2005), "A Prosopography of the Early Queens of Tara", in Bhreathnach, Edel, The Kingship and Landscape of Tara, Dublin: Four Courts Press, pp. 225–327, ISBN 1-85182-954-7
    * Guyonvarc'h, Christian-Joseph (1983), "La mort de Muirchertach, fils d'Erc. Texte irlandais du très haut Moyen Âge : la femme, le saint et le roi", Annales 38 (5): 985–1015, doi:10.3406/ahess.1983.410999, ISSN 0395-2649, http://www.persee.fr/showArticle.do?urn=ahess_0395-2649_1983_num_38_5_410999, retrieved 2008-03-30
    * Hogan, Edmund (1910) ([dead link] – Scholar search), Onomasticon Goedelicum, Dublin: Hodges Figgis, http://www.ucc.ie:8080/cocoon/doi/locus?section=N300A1, retrieved 2007-10-24
    * Lacey, Brian (2006), Cenél Conaill and the Donegal Kingdoms AD 500–800, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 1-85182-978-4
    * MacKillop, James (1998), Oxford Dictionary of Celtic Mythology, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-860967-1
    * Mac Shamhráin, Ailbhe; Byrne, Paul (2005), "Kings named in Baile Chuinn Chétchathaig and the Airgíalla Charter Poem", in Bhreathnach, Edel, The Kingship and Landscape of Tara, Dublin: Four Courts Press, pp. 159–224, ISBN 1-85182-954-7
    * Wiley, Dan (2004), "Aided Muirchertaig meic Erca", The Cycles of the Kings, http://www.hastings.edu/academic/english/Kings/Aided_Muirchertaig.html, retrieved 2008-03-06 1221 - 1315 Ida Bertram 94 94 1218 Christian Bertram 1219 - 1281 Isabel Bertram 62 62 1223 Richard Bertram 1225 Faulk Bertram 1227 Agnes Bertram 1229 Robert Bertram 1162 - 1203 Mable de Clare 41 41 1192 John Bertram 1194 Christian Bertram 1196 Aelina Bertram 1198 Robert Bertram ~1156 Helwise de Stuteville 1084 Geoffrey Murdac 1110 Geoffrey Murdac 1060 Ralph Murdac 1082 Ralph Murdac 1037 Richard de Meurdach 1412 - 1464 Robert Babington 52 52 1375 - 1455 William Babington 80 80 1385 - 1442 Margery Martell 57 57 1355 Peter Martell 1410 William Babington 1416 Thomas Babington 1418 Edward Babington 1420 John Babington 1335 - 1409 John Babington 74 74 1343 Benedicta Warde 1373 Benedicta Babington 1371 Thomas Babington 1300 John Babington 1313 Alice 1267 Bernard de Babington 1245 William de Babington 1215 John de Babington 1320 - 1383 Simon Warde 63 63 1325 Maude 1298 - 1334 John Warde 36 36 1345 John Warde 1350 Simon Warde 1267 - 1300 Simon Warde 33 33 1275 Maud 1230 William Warde 1233 Margaret de Neville 1279 Margaret Warde 1200 Simon Warde 1205 Constance de Vesci 1170 - 1217 William Warde 47 47 1225 Simon Warde 1140 - 1180 Simon Warde 40 40 1150 Maude 1170 Warin de Vesci 1180 Matilda de Wellom 1200 Margaret de Vesci 1085 - 1157 Eustace FitzJohn Clavering de Lacy 72 72 # Note:

    EUSTACE FITZJOHN, brother and heir male, was born before 1100. He became possessed of his father's manor of Saxlingham and made a further gift of 20s. therefrom to Gloucester Abbey. Like his brothers he became a trusted officer of Henry I. He first appears as a witness to a royal charter before 1120 (1116-19), after which he constantly attests Henry I's charters, &c. In 1130 he and William de Luvetot were keepers of Tickhill Castle and the Honor of Blyth, and Eustace farmed Aldborough and Knaresborough. He was acting then as a Justice itinerant in the north, usually with Walter Espec. He is said to have become an intimate friend of Henry I, who granted him large estates and made him Constable of Bamburgh Castle. In consequence of his 1st marriage, he held Alnwick Castle in Northumberland and Malton Castle in Yorkshire. He was at Stephen's Easter court at Westminster in 1136 and later was with him at Clarendon. When Stephen advanced against the King of Scots early in 1138 and pursued him across the border, Eustace was in his army; but the King, hearing that some of his barons were traitors, arrested Eustace, and deprived him of the command of the castles which Henry had entrusted to him. Angered by this treatment Eustace, when the King of Scots invaded England later in the year, joined him and marched with him into Yorkshire, where he put David in possession of Malton Castle. At the Battle of the Standard, 22 August 1138, he fought in David's army, in Prince Henry's division beside the men of Cumberland and Teviotdale, but he was wounded and escaped with difficulty to his castle.

# Note:

    In or before 1139 he became Constable of Chester in right of his 2nd wife. In 1139, when peace had been concluded between England and Scotland and Stephen had given Northumberland to Prince Henry, the Prince confirmed to Eustace all the grants which he had received from Henry I and made him further grants of lands. Eustace was evidently reconciled to Stephen, as he was with the King at Stamford before Easter 1142. During the remainder of the reign he seems to have remained quiescent, living as a great baron of the north, where he even coined his own silver pennies. On 30 November 1143 he was one of those who arranged a truce between the rival bishops of Durham. He is also found attesting, as Constable of Chester, charters of the Earls of Chester. In February 1154/5 he was probably with Henry II at York; about June 1157 he was with him at Waltham; and in the following month he took part in the King's expedition into North Wales. He founded Alnwick Abbey for Premonstratensian canons, and between 1147 and 1154 he founded Gilbertian Convents at Watton and Malton. He was a benefactor to the Abbeys of Gloucester, Fountains, and Bridlington.

# Note:

    He married, 1stly, Beatrice, only daughter and heir of Yves DE VESCY, lord of Alnwick and Malton, by [it is said] "Alda" only daughter and heir of William Tyson, also lord of Alnwick and Malton. She died in childbirth. He married, 2ndly, Agnes, elder sister and coheir of William and daughter of William FITZNEEL, both Barons of Halton in the palatinate of Chester and Constables of Chester. Eustace died in July 1157, being slain when part of Henry II's army was ambushed in the pass of Consyllt, near Basingwerk, in North Wales. His widow married Robert FITZCOUNT, apparently an illegitimate son of an Earl of Chester. He became Constable of Chester jure uxoris and died in or before 1166. [Complete Peerage XII/2:272-4, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]

# Note: --------------------------------
# Note:
# Note: James Tait ("Knight-Service in Cheshire" [English Historical Review 57], 450)
# Note:

    says that after William, son of William FitzNigel died without issue, Earl Ranulph granted the constableship to Eustace FitzJohn, husband of Agnes, eldest sister and coheiress of William II. The actual charter by which Earl Ranulph granted the honor is printed in _A Medieval Miscellany for Doris Mary Stenton_[Pipe Roll Society, 1962] uder the authorship of Geoffrey Barraclough ("Some charters of the Earls of Chester"), 28-9. Barraclough states that Eustace fitz John's first wife, the heiress of Ivo de Vesci, died in childbirth, and that he then married Agnes, sister of William, constable of Chester, who succeeded his father [the Domesday baron] in the barony of Halton about 1130. After William [II] died childess, his inheritance was divided between his two sisters, Agnes, and Matilda, wife of Albert Grelley, lord of Manchester.

# Note:

    At one point, when Earl Ranulf was 'at loggerheads' with King David of Scotland, Eustace had sided with Scotland (remember, this was during the reign and struggle of King Stephan). After the battle of Lincoln (2 Feb. 1141), Ranulf was forced into league with the Empress Matilda against Stephan, and the Earl and Eustace were again on the same side. The date of the charter by which Eustace fitz John succeeded to the constableship is estimated to be about 1144-5. He would not have granted it to an enemy,and the grant specifically states it was hereditary ("Eustachius et heredes sui"). Eustace was also a Justice itinerant, commanded Scottish troops against Stephen at the battle of Standard in 1138, and founded the Abbeys of Alnwick, Old Malton and Watton. He was slain in Wales in 1157.

# Note:

    Eustace Fitz-John (nephew and heir of Serlo de Burgh, founder of Knaresborough Castle), one of the most powerful of the northern barons and a great favourite with King Henry I. With his two brothers, he was a witness to the foundation of the abbey of Cirencester, co. Gloucester, 1133. He m. 1st, Agnes, eldest dau. of William Fitz Nigel, Baron of Halton, constable of Chester. By this lady he acquired the Barony of Halton, and had an only son, Richard Fitz-Eustace. Eustace Fitz-John m. 2ndly, Beatrice, only dau. and heiress of Yvo de Vesci, Lord of Alnwick, in Northumberland, and of Malton, in Yorkshire, by whom he had issue, William, progenitor of the great baronial house of de Vesci. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 121, Clavering, Barons Clavering]

# Note:

    Eustace Fitz-John, nephew and heir of Serlo de Burgh (of the great family of Burgh), the founder of Knaresborough Castle, in Yorkshire, and son of John, called Monoculus, from having but one eye, is said by an historian of the period in which he lived, to have been "one of the chiefest peers of England," and of intimate familiarity with King Henry I, as also a person of great wisdom and singular judgment in councils. He had immense grants from the crown and was constituted governor of the castle of Bamburg, in Northumberland, temp. Henry I, of which governorship, however, he was deprived by King Stephen, but he subsequently enjoyed the favour of that monarch. He fell the ensuing reign, anno, 1157, in an engagement with the Welsh, "a great and aged man, and of the chiefest English peers, most eminent for his wealth and wisdom." By his first wife, the heiress of Vesci, he had two sons, and by Agnes, his 2nd wife, dau. of William FitzNigel, Baron of Halton, and constable of Chester, he left another son, called Richard Fitz-Eustace. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 555, Vesci, Barons Vesci]

# Note:
# Note: Title: The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968
# Note: Page: 95
# Note:
# Note: Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
# Note: Page: XII/2:272-274
# Note: Text: July 1157 & no date, 2nd wife 1150 Waldron de Wellom 1195 Maud de Beauchamp 1187 - 1246 Jollan de Neville 59 59 1223 Jollan de Neville 1228 - 1295 Andrew de Neville 67 67 1230 Walter de Neville 1235 Joan de Neville 1065 Emma d'Estuteville 1040 - 1091 Beatrix de Beaumont 51 51 0970 - 1029 Herman of Verdun 59 59 0974 Mathilde von Dagsburg 1030 Guillaume de Talbot 1042 Roger de Talbot 0985 Beatrice le Goz 0968 - 1052 William D'Eu 84 84 After Godfrey's Count of Eu rebelled c996, William was given the title of Comte d'Eu. He had already been Count of Heimois (or Exmes as it is now known).

-----------------

curt_hofemann@yahoo.com:

ID: I03516 William Hieme Count d' Eu

I have seen it written ‘Heimes’ or ‘the Heimois’.
Also from below it appears that EU was originally called ‘Exmes’ and/or ’the Exmesin of Heimois’.

died: (take your choice):
2.I kurz vor (shortly bef) 1040 [Ref: ES III:693]
about 1054 [Ref: David C. Douglas “William the Conqueror”]
Jan 2 year unknown but before wife (d. Jan 26 1057/8) [Ref: CP V:151]
an 2-26 1057/8 [Ref: Moriarty p267]

founded Collegiate Church of Eu [Ref: CP V:151]
received from father the comte of the Exmesin of Hiemois. [Ref: CP V:151]
Comte d'Hiemois, Comte d'Eu [Ref: Leo van de Pas http://worldroots.com/brigitte/royal/bio/roberteubio.html]
Count of Exmes (later Eu) [Ref: http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~pmcbride/james/f030.htm#I1402X2]


    Count d'Exmes (Eu), Earl of Arques and Toulouse [Ref: Malinda Thiesse 20 Jul 2002] Note: Earl is an English _only_ title & I am skeptical of his connection to Toulouse in far se France whereas his father was duc d'Normandie in far nw France...
    Curt

Lord of Montruel [Ref: Turton] Note: Montreuil?



    rebelled against half-brother, Richard II, and was imprisoned at Rouen. After escaping, he submitted to the Duke, was pardoned, and was given the comte of Eu, of which his nephew, Gilbert (ancestor of the family of Clare) had been recently deprived. [Ref: CP V:151] Note: CP has (I believe) confused the chronology. It was William’s brother Godfrey/Godfroi who rebelled & was deprived of Eu. Godfrey’s son (William's nephew) Gilbert/Giselbert ‘Crispin’ did assume the land and title when William died, but he was assassinated in 1040. Note: Gilbert’s date of death from Altschul, ES III:156, Wagner, Watney & Wurts who all say either 1040 or thereabouts seems to confirm the date of death of William per ES III:693 as shortly bef. 1040… Curt


When Godfrey was deprived, Eu was awarded to his brother William, who had been Count of Heimois. [Ref: TAF 28 Mar 2001]


Note: In terms of the death date, I will keep the one I have because Gilbert (who I have as his son-in-law) became Count of Eu and d. 1040; so William had to have died at least a year or two before 1040. 1009 Constance d'Eu 1715 Martha Anderson 1725 Anna Anderson 1725 Sarah Anderson 1731 Jacob Anderson 1740 George Anderson 1654 - 1754 George Anderson 100 100 1658 - 1754 Mary Matthews 96 96 1678 James Anderson 1689 Rosannah Anderson 1690 John Anderson 1695 William Anderson 1695 Frances Anderson Notes from http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=patander73&id=I05752

Importation Records Orange Co, VA Order book 2 1739-1741 page 158 George Anderson came into court and made oath that he imported himself Elizabeth his wife, William Anderson, Margaret, John and Frances Anderson from Ireland to Philadelphia and from thence into this colony at his own charge and that this is the first time of his proving his rights in order to obtain land. May 22 1740. Order book 2 p 158 for his importation from Ireland of himself and wife and others including brother William.
 1636 - 1710 John Anderson 74 74 He was Lord Provost of Glasgow. Belonged to the Episcopal Church of Scotland. His place of residence was Dowhill, Stobcross, Glasgow, Scotland.

John Anderson married for the second time, Marion Hay, 1685 in Dowhill, Glascow, Scotland. They had two children, Marion Anderson (b:1686) and Barbara Anderson (b: 1688)
 D. 1689 Susannah Hamilton Margaret Anderson Barbra Anderson Susanna Anderson Janet Anderson Christian Anderson John Anderson Susannah Anderson Rebecca Anderson 1670 James Anderson Margaret Anderson Isobell Anderson William Anderson 1669 Alexander Anderson 1676 Ninian Anderson 1611 John Anderson Notes from http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=stevenf2959&id=I5626

No record of marriage except that he was a son of Ninian, and father of John, of Stobcross. He was also a magistrate of Glasgow at the time of the capitulating of Glasgow with James Graham the Marquis of Montrose in August 1645. John dinned with Montrose and on retiring, it is alleged, kissed his hand and wished him success. Whereupon the Coucil were all deposed from their offices by the Earl of Lanark - except the Provost. John protested (the date being Sept. 30, 1645.)


Notes from http://iment.com/maida/////familytree/anderson/andergen.htm#john4

Lord Provost of Glasgow 1655, 1667, founder of the town of Anderton near his estate of Stobcross. He was a great trader, spoken of as "The Merchant Baron", said to have imported the first white wine from France. With several other wealthy gentlemen, including Sir George Maxwel of Pollock, John Graham of Dougleston, and Ninian Anderson, his son, he established a great whaling industry with ships of as much as 700 tons. One was captained, "The Providence", by a nephew or cousin, John Anderson.
 1618 Barbara Gilhagie 1639 Ninian Anderson 1585 Ninian Anderson 1585 - 1655 Christian Dickson 70 70 1553 - 1630 Ninian Anderson 77 77 Notes from http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=stevenf2959&id=I5627

Note: Was a magistrate of Glasgow and opposed the destruction of Glasgow Cathedral by Andrew Melvill, 1579. Ninian was at that time serving on the Coucil, Deacon Convener. Apparently Ninian inherited Dowhill from his uncle William for he is designated as being "of Dowhill and Stobcross". Dowhill was a considerable estate on a hill above Glasgow adjoining the University grounds. He left issue, among others, John, Alexander, William, and Ninian.
 1557 - 1615 Elizabeth Reid 58 58 1579 John Anderson 1583 Alexander Anderson 1589 William Anderson 1515 - 1559 John Anderson 44 44 Notes from http://books.google.com/books?id=yd0AAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA3-PA167&lpg=RA3-PA167&dq=john+anderson+notary+clerk+glasgow+1539&source=web&ots=wreBZMeJ3j&sig=lRVHQ-uQvqDrdSXrak-1BYHfRA8#PRA3-PA168,M1
Biographical Memoir of the Late Charles Macintosh by George Macintosh
Appendix No.3 --Family of Anderson of Dowhill

pg 168
"In 1556, John Anderson was one of the stentors of the merchants, employed to levy the Glasgow portion of the tax imposed that year upon the royal burghs of Scotland, by the unfortunate and calumniated Mary; and in 1577, he was possessed, with other property, of a tan work, in the Dowhill, which, it is somewhat remarkable, continued to be occupied as such, in the possession of the family, till it was sold in 1754, by Dr. John Moore, their remote descendant; being tenanted at the time by James Wyllie."

"John Anderson, left a son, Ninian, by his wife Janet Andrew; and who would appear to have been one of the magistrates who so long resisted the importunities of Andrew Melville, the reformed Principal of the College, and the Presbyterian divines of the town, to grant them permission to destroy the cathedral of Glasgow in 1579, in conformity to the acts passed by the Estates of the Realm, at the desire of the General Assembly. The Earls of Arran, Argyle, and Glencairn, were the vandal barons entrusted with the execution of this brutal decree in the west of Scotland. Upon Melville and his noble coadjutors, however, attempting to put their savage design in force, "the incorporated trades" of Glasgow took arms; and declared that the first man who injured a stone of the cathedral should answer with his life, upon the spot, for his temerity. The threat was completely successful, and the casthedral remains at the present day a splendid monument of the civilization of former ages; and of the courage, good sense, and good feeling of the tradesmen of Glasgow, of the year 1579. Ninian Anderson is said to have owed his seat in the Town Council to his being at the time Deacon Convener of the incoporated trades. One almost feels disposed to apply to the burgesses of Glasgow at this time, in contrasting their conduct with the reformed nobles and clergy, Lord Byron's exclamation in repect to Spain --"Here all is great save fallen chivalry!"

Pg 169

"Ninian Anderson left a son, John, who was one of the magistrates of Glasgow, at the time that the city capitulated with James Graham, Marquis of Montrose, after his defeat of the covenanting army of General Baillie, at Kilsyth, in August 1645. Montrose had encamped in the neighborhood of the town, and demanded a contribution of shoes, bonnets and money, for his troops. Anderson, and some others of the magistrates, went to his camp to endeavour to get him to modify his terms, to which he consented, inviting them to dine with him, and treating them with much civility. In return, upon their retiring, it was alleged that they had kissed his hand, and wished him success. When this was reported to the covenanters, the Earl of Lanark came to Glasgow, and deposed from their offices the whole of the magistrates except the Provost, (Porterfield of Duchal), who had contrived to keep out of the way. John Anderson, however, protesting against the proceeding, in his own name and that of his deposed brethren. The date of this protest is 30th Sept. 1645."
 1530 - 1626 Janet Andrew 96 96 1500 - 1539 John Anderson 39 39 Notes from http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=stevenf2959&id=I5635

He was notary public and clerk of the Diocese of Glasgow in 1539. He left two sons: John and William. In 1547 William was the proprietor of Dowhill.

Anderson: Arms: Argent, a saltire engrailed Sable between four mullets Gules Badge: Out of a wreath of the liveries, an oak tree Proper Branches: Candacraig (Strathdon), Dowhill, Wester Ardbreck Motto: Stand Sure.
Gaelic Name: MacGhille Aindrais

There are two versions of the name Anderson (the Lowland form) and MacAndrew (the Highland version), both mean son of Andrew, the patron saint of Scotland. The MacAndrews were renowned for their fighting qualities and were part of the Confederation of Highland clans, the Clan Chattan. There is no chiefly line at present.
Our heritage comes from the Lowland Andersons, who achieved fame in different quarters. Alexander Anderson's early 17th century treaties on geometry and algebra gained European recognition. James Gregory, the inventor of the reflecting telescope, was an Anderson. In 1773, James Anderson from Midlothian, wrote the entry on monsoons for the first edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica, predicting the discoveries to be made by Captain Cook. John Anderson (1726-1796), Professor of Natural Philosophy at Glasgow University, invented a way to reduce the recoil in a gun, and helped found one of Scotland's eight universities (Strathclyde University).

The Anderson Tartan is unique among all of the Scottish tartans. This is because it is the only tartan to have seven colors. All other tartans have six or less. Because of this, the Anderson tartan must be woven on a special loom. The colors are primarily a rich blue with yellow, green and red in the plaid. Three variations exist: The Ancient colors which are derived from the color scheme set mostly by natural old world style dyes, The Modern colors derived from the use of modern chemical dyes and the Muted colors which simulate a " weathered " tartan. The Royal Canadian Air Force tartan, which has only five colors, is an officially registered variant of the Clan Anderson tartan. From a distance it is difficult to distinguish between the two.
 1508 1529 William Anderson 1505 William Andrew 1509 1588 - 1641 Ninian Gilhagie 53 53 1590 Margaret Woddrop 1630 Niniane Gilhagie 1614 Isobell Gilhagie 1621 Catherine Gilhagie 1616 John Gilhagie 1619 Isobell Gilhagie 1623 James Gilhagie 1625 Margaret Gilhagie 1627 Elizabeth Gilhagie 1562 Ninian Gilhagie 1565 - 1611 Catherine Arneill 46 46 1609 James Hamilton 1609 Margaret Muir 1641 James Hamilton 1631 Margaret Hamilton 1633 James Hamilton 1639 Catherine Hamilton 1585 Thomas Muir 1585 Margaret Robeson 1609 James Muir 1555 - 1657 Robert Hamilton 102 102 1587 Christian Robeson 1510 - 1571 John Hamilton 61 61 1524 - 1575 Grizell Semple 51 51 1590 Finwall Hamilton 1545 William Hamilton 1553 Jeillie Hamilton 1555 Helen Hamilton 1557 Agnes Hamilton 1475 - 1529 James Hamilton 54 54 1486 - 1522 Janet Beaton 36 36 1517 Helen Hamilton 1519 Gavin Hamilton 1517 James Hamilton 1423 - 1479 James Hamilton 56 56 1473 Elizabeth Hamilton 1398 - 1441 James Hamilton 43 43 1400 Janet Livingstone 1417 Mary Hamilton 1426 Alexander Hamilton 1428 John Hamilton 1430 Gavin Hamilton 1434 Elizabeth Hamilton 1432 Agnes Hamilton 1371 - 1402 John Hamilton 31 31 1378 Jacoba Douglas 1404 Walter Hamilton 1406 Catherine Hamilton 1392 Thomas Hamilton 1413 David Hamilton 1335 - 1388 David Hamilton 53 53 1340 Janet Keith 1360 William Hamilton 1362 Andrew Hamilton 1359 Elizabeth Hamilton 1373 David Hamilton 1364 John Hamilton 1310 - 1378 David FitzWalter Hamilton 68 68 1310 Margaretha Lessley 1339 Walter Hamilton 1341 Alan Hamilton 1370 Walter Hamilton 1368 John Hamilton 1372 Alan Hamilton 1274 - 1346 Walter FitzGilbert de Hamilton 72 72 1301 Mary Gordon 1312 John Fitz Walter Hamilton 1220 Gilbert de Hamiltoun Mabel Isabel Randulph Notes from http://www.stirnet.com/HTML/genie/british/qr/rzmisc02.htm#rand2

Isabella Randolph
.. Not mentioned by TSP (Moray) but reported by BP1934 (Abercorn) is that Isabella Randolph, sister of Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray, is said to have married Gilbert de Hamilton. It is possible that she was also the sister who married William Murray .

md .... Gilbert de Hamilton
 1273 - 1333 Adam Gordon 60 60 1276 Annabella 1293 Adam Gordon 1299 Thomas Gordon 1295 William Gordon (of Stitchill) 1297 John Gordon 1305 Alexander Gordon 1159 - 1190 William Harcourt de Bellemonte 31 31 1160 Maria de Hambleton 1135 Gilbert 1266 Thomas Randolph 1272 - 1358 Isabella Bruce 86 86 1280 Isobel Randolph 1278 - 1332 Thomas Randolph 54 54 1147 - 1262 Thomas of Moray 115 115 1224 Juliana 1268 Nicholas Randolph 1120 - 1165 Ranulf of Moray 45 45 1124 Bethoc of Galloway de Molle 1145 Fornia de Moray 1090 - 1124 Dunegal of Moray 34 34 1126 Donald of Moray 1124 Gillepatrick of Moray 1122 Duncan of Moray 1230 - 1251 Isabel of Gloucester De Clare 21 21 1243 - 1304 Robert de Brus 60 60 1252 - 1292 Margaret of Carrick 40 40 1283 Margaret Bruce 1284 Thomas Bruce 1274 - 1329 Robert of Scotland 54 54 Name Suffix: I
Name Prefix: King of Scotland
Nickname: -theBruce-
Ancestral File Number: B2L0-GQ
!-History of Scotland- by Hume Brown, 1909, Vol. 1.
-History of Scotland- by Charles Terry, 1920, charts.

http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page122.asp

ROBERT I (r. 1306-29)
On 25 March 1306, Robert the Bruce was chosen to be King of Scots and to lead the fight for Scottish independence against Edward I of England. Born in 1274 in Ayr, the son of Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick, he was the grandson of the Robert Bruce who had been one of the competitors for the throne after the death of the Maid of Norway. Robert I had been on the English side when Edward moved against Balliol, but he had subsequently joined Wallace's revolt. When Wallace gave up the Guardianship of Scotland in 1298, Robert became joint Guardian with Sir John Comyn of Badenoch (Balliol's nephew). A few weeks before his coronation, Robert killed his greatest rival for the crown - his joint Guardian - in a Dumfries church, during the last of many arguments between them. For this murder, Robert was outlawed by Edward I and excommunicated by Pope Clement V. His reign did not begin well. He was defeated by the English at Methven in Perthshire; his wife, daughter and sisters were imprisoned; and three of his brothers were executed by the English. Robert fled westward to the Antrim coast. (The story of Robert drawing inspiration from a persistent spider mending its web in a cave dates from the sixteenth century.) However, he possessed real military genius and he was helped by the fact that in 1307 Edward I, the self-styled 'Hammer of the Scots', died and was succeeded by his less effective son Edward II. From 1307 onwards, with energy and determination, Robert waged highly successful guerrilla warfare against the English occupiers, establishing control north of the Forth, and gradually won back his kingdom; by 1314, Stirling was the only castle in English hands. His campaign culminated in resounding victory over Edward II (whose larger army of 20,000 outnumbered Robert's forces by three to one) at the Battle of Bannockburn, near Stirling on 24 June 1314.

Bannockburn confirmed the re-establishment of an independent Scottish monarchy. Two years later, his brother and heir presumptive, Edward Bruce, was inaugurated as High King of Ireland (which increased pressure on the English), but was killed in battle in 1318. Even after Bannockburn and the Scottish capture of Berwick in 1318, Edward II refused to give up his claim to the overlordship of Scotland, and so in 1320 the Scottish earls, barons and the 'community of the realm' sent a letter to Pope John XXII declaring that Robert I was their rightful monarch. This 'Declaration of Arbroath' has become perhaps the most famous document in Scottish history. The Declaration asserted the antiquity of the Scottish people and their monarchy: '...we gather from the deeds and books of the ancients, that among other distinguished nations our own nation, namely of Scots, has been marked by many distinctions. It journeyed from Greater Scythia by the Tyrrenhian Sea and the Pillars of Hercules, and dwelt for a long span of time in Spain among the most savage peoples, but nowhere could it be subjugated by any people, however barbarous. From there it came, twelve hundred years after the people of Israel crossed the Red Sea and, having first driven out the Britons and altogether destroyed the Picts, it acquired, with many victories and untold efforts, the places which it now holds ... As the histories of old time bear witness, it has held them free of all servitude ever since. In their kingdom one hundred and thirteen kings of their own royal stock have reigned, the line unbroken by a single foreigner.' The Declaration also had a stark warning for Robert: 'were he to desist from what he has undertaken and be willing to subject us or our kingdom to the king of the English or the English, we would strive to expel him forthwith as our enemy and as a subverter of right, his own and ours, and make someone else our king who is equal to the task of defending us.' In 1324, the Pope recognised Robert as king of an independent Scotland. Two years later, the Franco-Scottish alliance was renewed in the Treaty of Corbeil, by which the Scots were obliged to make war on England should hostilities break out between England and France. In 1327, the English deposed Edward II in favour of his son Edward III and peace was then made between Scotland and England with the treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, which began with England's total renunciation of all claims to superiority over Scotland. Robert had achieved all he had fought for: ejecting the English, re-establishing peace and gaining recognition as the true king. By that time, King Robert was seriously ill, probably with leprosy, and he died at Cardross, Dunbartonshire on 7 June 1329, aged 54. A few days later, in response to an earlier request by him, the Pope granted permission for kings of Scots to be anointed at their coronation (Scottish kings had previously been enthroned in a mainly secular ceremony at Scone).

This was a clear acknowledgement that the Pope recognised Scotland's independence. Robert I was buried at Dunfermline and, in fulfilment of his dying wish, Sir James Douglas set out to carry his heart to the Holy Land. Sir James was killed fighting the Moors in Granada, in Spain, but the heart was retrieved and brought back to Scotland, to be buried in Melrose Abbey, Roxburghshire.
 1276 - 1317 Edward Bruce 41 41 1285 Alexander Bruce 1279 Nigel Bruce 1273 Christina Christian Bruce 1282 Maud Bruce 1286 Elizabeth Bruce 1287 Margery Bruce 1282 - 1323 Mary Bruce 41 41 1210 - 1294 Robert de Brus 84 84 1252 Isabella Bruce 1254 Alosia Bruce 1256 Christiana Bruce 1252 John de Bruce 1249 Richard de Brus 1247 Bernard Brus 1248 William Brus 1192 - 1251 Isabella Huntingdon 59 59 1164 - 1245 Robert de Bruce 81 81 1214 Richard de Bruce 1212 Bernard Bruce 1202 Beatrice Bruce 1205 Matilda Bruce 1142 - 1215 William de Bruce 73 73 1144 Christina 1168 John de Brus 1166 William de Bruce 1200 Dame Beckwith Bruce 1202 - 1256 Neal of Carrick 54 54 1206 Margaret Stewart 1237 of Carrick 1174 - 1250 Duncan of Carrick 76 76 1179 Avelina FitzWalter 1203 John mac Duncan de Carrick 1126 - 1185 Gilbert of Galloway 59 59 Malcolm 1090 - 1161 Fergus of Galloway 71 71 1095 Elizabeth of England 1118 Uchtred of Galloway 1130 Margaret de Galloway 1128 Affrica de Galloway 1130 Margaret de Galloway 1126 - 1204 Alan FitzWalter of Scotland 78 78 Alan FitzWalter, 2nd High Steward of Scotland Alan was present with his father at the defeat of Somerled of the Isles in 1164, and in 1191 he accompanied King Richard on the Third Crusade.
Alan married first Alesta of Mar
Alan married second to Eva,
Alan married third Margaret of Galloway and they had the following children:
Walter FitzAlan
David FitzAlan
Leonard FitzAlan
Aveline FitzAlan who married Duncan MacGilbert, 1st Earl of Carrick
Neil, 2nd Earl of Carrick who married his cousin Margaret Stewart.

Notes from http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/GEN-MEDIEVAL/1998-12/0914298342

Alan fitz Walter, 2nd High Steward of Scotland;
married (?1) Alesta of Mar,
married (?2) Eve,
married (?3) Margaret of Galloway. Alan died 1204.
Alesta of Mar; married Alan fitz Walter, 2nd High Steward of Scotland. [The name of Alans wife and the mother of his children is debated.]

Notes from http://www.stirnet.com/HTML/genie/british/ff/fitzalan1.htm#link1
Alan FitzWalter, 2nd Hereditary Steward of Scotland (d 1204) m. Eve It has been suggested that Eve was daughter of Swane son of Thor of Tranent, etc but TSP (Kings) reports that this was based on a mistaken reading of a charter.
 1105 - 1177 Walter FitzAlan of Scotland 72 72 Lord O Oswestrie
!Title: [HIGH STEWARD OF SCOTLAND]
Walter Stewart, the youngest son of Alan Fitzflaald, went to Scotland, where he received from David I land in Renfrew, including Paisley, and the hereditary dignity of high steward or seneschal of Scotland, whence the surnam e-Stewart- (modified by some branches to -Steuart- or toFrencf from -Stuart-) took origin in rein (1153-1165) of Malcolm IV.

Walter FitzAlan, 1st Steward of Scotland Born circa 1105 at Oswestry, Shropshire, England Died in 1177
The title of Steward of Scotland was bestowed on Walter FitzAlan by David I, King of Scotland (1124 - 1153); under whose reign and the reigns of his brothers Edgar and Alexander before him, the Anglo-Norman feudal system and culture became more established in Scotland. King Malcolm IV (1153 - 1165) confirmed the honour bestowed by David I and made the office of Steward of Scotland hereditary in Walter's family. For more about David I, click on David the Saint of Scotland .

Walter founded the Abbey of Paisley for monks of the Clunic order in 1160; and he defeated Somerled of the Isles in 1164.
Walter married to Eschina de Londonius, widow of Robert de Croc and probably daughter of Thomas de Londonius. Walter and Eschina had the following children:
Alan FitzWalter
Simon FitzWalter
Margaret FitzWalter

Walter FitzAlan, 1st Steward of Scotland Born circa 1105 at Oswestry, Shropshire, England Died in 1177
The title of Steward of Scotland was bestowed on Walter FitzAlan by David I, King of Scotland (1124 - 1153); under whose reign and the reigns of his brothers Edgar and Alexander before him, the Anglo-Norman feudal system and culture became more established in Scotland. King Malcolm IV (1153 - 1165) confirmed the honour bestowed by David I and made the office of Steward of Scotland hereditary in Walter's family. For more about David I, click on David the Saint of Scotland .

Walter founded the Abbey of Paisley for monks of the Clunic order in 1160; and he defeated Somerled of the Isles in 1164.
Walter married to Eschina de Londonius, widow of Robert de Croc and probably daughter of Thomas de Londonius. Walter and Eschina had the following children:
Alan FitzWalter
Simon FitzWalter
Margaret FitzWalter
 1125 Eschyna de Molle Marjory FitzAlan 1100 Thomas de Londoniis Eschelyn de Molle Malcolm de Lundin Philip de Londoniis D. 1090 William of Ogmore and Kidwelly de Londres Simon de Londres Uchtred de Molle 1180 - 1246 Walter Stewart 66 66 Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland and Justicar of Scotland. Instead of taking the name ...Walter FitzAlan..., Walter adopted the name of his office and became known as Walter Stewart. Thus, he is the first Stewart from whom all the names are descended. He was appointed Justicar of Scotland in 1230.

!Title: HIGH STEWARD OF SCOTLAND.
Walter, the 3rd steward, was appointed justiciary of Scotland by Alexander II.

Walter and Beatrix had the following children:
Alexander Stewart
Sir Robert Stewart
John Stewart
Walter Bailloch Stewart, Earl of Menteth
William Stewart
Beatrix (Elizabeth) Stewart
Christian Stewart
Margaret Stewart, who married her cousin Neil, 2nd Earl of Carrick
Marjory, Countess of Carrick who married Robert Bruce. Marjory and Robert are the parents of the Scottish hero Robert the Bruce.
Sybella Stewart
 1184 Beatrix de Angus 1189 - 1250 Elizabeth Stewart 61 61 He [Maldouen of Lennox] married Elizabeth, daughter of Walter STEWARD, High Steward [SCT], by Beatrice, daughter of Gilchrist, EARL OF ANGUS [SCT]. She died before him. He was living 12 March 1250/1.

Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 1985

Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: VII:590  1223 Robert Stewart 1214 - 1283 Alexander Stewart 69 69 Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland

Born in 1214 Died in 1283
Alexander attended St. Louis of France to the Holy War (see picture to the right), and he was the principal commander under King Alexander III at the Battle of Largs October 2, 1263 when the Scottish army defeated the Norwegians. He received from Alexander III a grant of the Barony of Garlies in Galloway on November 30, 1263. In 1264 he invaded the Isle of Man.

Alexander Stewart married to Jean MacRorie, daughter and heiress of James MacRorie, Lord of Bute and Arrah, son of Angus MacRorie, Lord of Bute Alexander and Jean had the following children:
James Stewart
John Stewart of Bonkyl who died at the Battle of Falkirk on July 22, 1298 fighting for Sir William Wallace. John Stewart married Margaret de Bonkle, daughter and heiress of Sir Alexander of Bonkle. Their daughter:
Isabel Stewart who married Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray; their daughter:
Agnes Randolph who was known as ...Black Agnes.... She defended the Castle of Dunbar and repulsed the English under the Earl of Salisbury in 1338.
Elizabeth Stewart who married Sir William, 3rd Lord of Douglas
 1206 Euphemia Stewart 1216 John Stewart Sybella Stewart 1230 Majory Stewart 1180 - 1246 Walter Stewart 66 66 Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland and Justicar of Scotland. Instead of taking the name ...Walter FitzAlan..., Walter adopted the name of his office and became known as Walter Stewart. Thus, he is the first Stewart from whom all the names are descended. He was appointed Justicar of Scotland in 1230.

!Title: HIGH STEWARD OF SCOTLAND.
Walter, the 3rd steward, was appointed justiciary of Scotland by Alexander II.

Walter and Beatrix had the following children:
Alexander Stewart
Sir Robert Stewart
John Stewart
Walter Bailloch Stewart, Earl of Menteth
William Stewart
Beatrix (Elizabeth) Stewart
Christian Stewart
Margaret Stewart, who married her cousin Neil, 2nd Earl of Carrick
Marjory, Countess of Carrick who married Robert Bruce. Marjory and Robert are the parents of the Scottish hero Robert the Bruce.
Sybella Stewart
 1154 - 1210 Gilchrist of Angus 56 56 1152 - 1213 Majory Canmore de Huntington 61 61 1170 - 1210 Duncan of Angus 40 40 1118 de Dunbar 1118 - 1187 Gillbride of Angus 69 69 1152 Adam of Angus 1156 Gilbert de Angus 1158 William de Angus 1090 - 1150 Gilchrist of Angus 60 60 1090 1254 - 1296 Adam of Gordon 42 42 1255 - 1296 Majorie 41 41 1281 John Gordon 1275 Robert Gordon 1279 Roger Gordon 1277 Alexander Gordon 1220 Adam Gordon 1230 - 1280 Alicia of Gordon 50 50 1252 Robert Gordon 1250 William Gordon 1193 - 1258 Thomas of Gordon 65 65 1198 Majorie 1166 - 1232 Thomas of Gordon 66 66 1176 Alice 1130 - 1194 Richard Gordon 64 64 1152 1105 Adam Gordon 1109 1152 Bertram Gordon 1152 Robert Gordon 1132 Adam Gordon 1080 Adam Gordon 1285 Walter Lesley 1315 - 1407 William de Keith 92 92 Parents Robert Keith and Barbara Douglas?

http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=PED&db=:3316633&id=I662460176&style=TABLE 1321 - 1410 Margaret Fraser 89 89 1346 John Laird of Inverugie Keith 1351 Muriella Keith 1363 Robert Keith 1355 - 1397 Margaret Keith 42 42 1361 Elizabeth Keith 1342 Christian Keith 1340 Alexander Keith 1280 - 1346 Edward de Keith 66 66 1285 Isabella de Synton 1325 Katherine Keith 1330 John Keith (of Inverugie) 1236 - 1293 William Keith 57 57 1216 Barbara Seton 1262 Robert Keith 1264 Richard Keith 1268 Philip Keith 1270 Keith 1212 - 1270 John de Keith 58 58 1217 Margaret Cumyn 1238 Adam Keith 1240 Robert Keith 1242 Keith 1187 - 1250 Hervey de Keth 63 63 1161 - 1225 Philip de Keth 64 64 1166 Eda Lorens 1135 - 1220 Malcolm de Keth 85 85 1170 David Keth 1109 - 1196 Herveus de Keth 87 87 1166 Hugh Lorens 1170 Eda Fraser 1140 - 1190 Simon Fraser 50 50 1148 1191 William Cumyn 1190 - 1249 Adam de Seton 59 59 1192 Janet Gifford 1218 Alexander Seton 1214 Christell Seton 1172 Margaret de Berkeley 1195 - 1247 Alexander de Seton 52 52 Seyer de Seton Christopher de Seton D. 1177 Philip de Setun Alice of Dunbar D. 1150 Alexander de Seaton Secher de Seton 1023 - 1124 Dougall de Seton 101 101 Janet de Quincy 1060 Simon de Wahull Saier de Lens de Seton 1125 - 1182 Waldeve de Dunbar 57 57 1129 Aelina 1152 - 1232 Patrick de Dunbar 80 80 1100 - 1166 Gospatrick de Dunbar 66 66 Notes from http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=jweber&id=I11084

EARLDOM OF DUNBAR (II) GOSPATRIC DE DUNBAR, EARL [SCT], son and heir, who, as "Gospatricus Comes," witnesses a charter of 1140. He was founder of the Cistercian nunneries at Coldstream and Eccles, co. Berwick. He married Derdere. He died I166. [Complete Peerage IV:505, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]
 1194 Derdere 1162 Hugh of Yester Gifford 1204 William Gifford Margaret Gifford D. 1229 Osbert Giffard Isabel de Friville 1147 - 1222 Richard Giffard 75 75 1160 Mabel 1255 Alexander de Synton 1287 Andrew de Synton 1317 John of Touchfraser Fraser 1317 Mary 1282 - 1323 Mary Bruce 41 41 1267 - 1322 Alexander Fraser 55 55 Notes from www.stirnet.com

Sir Alexander Fraser of Touchfraser and Cowie, Sheriff of Stirling, Lord Chamberlain (d Dupplin 1332)
md. (1316) Mary Bruce (d 22.09.1323, dau of Sir Robert de Bruce, 6th Lord of Annandale)
(a) John Fraser of Touchfraser (b c1317, d young)
((1)) Margaret Fraser
.. md. Sir William Keith, Marischal (d before 1410)


Notes from http://www.baronage.co.uk/bphtm-03/fraser03.html

The heir: Alexander Fraser, Knight, Lord of Lovat, m a dtr of Sir Andrew Moray of Bothwell and d having had issue: ..A1 Hugh, his heir
The only known child: Hugh Fraser, Lord of Lovat, Baron of Kynnell and of Linton, resigned in 1377, together with the feudal barony of Linton, the last of his lands in Tweeddale, m Isobel dtr of Sir John Wemyss of Leuchars by his 2nd wife Isabel, dtr of Sir Alan Erskine of Inchmartin, and d ca 1409 having had issue: ..A1 Alexander Fraser, Lord of Lovat, m 1st Elizabeth Keith, d ante April 1414, m 2nd Marion dtr of Sir Robert Keith, resigned his lands to his brother ca 1410 and retired to the Priory of Beauly. In addition to an illegitimate son, Gil Rewach Vickhimi, he had by his 1st wife issue: ....b1. Marjorie Fraser, may have m as 1st wife ca 1414 Sir William de Keith, Marischal of Scotland, but there has been confusion of name here, "Marjorie" being a name different from "Mariota" the diminutive of Mary, the name of a known wife of the Marischal and the mother of his children. ..A2 Hugh, his heir [see below] ..A3 William Fraser, m an heiress of the Scrymgeour family and lived in Dundee ..a1. Euphemia (Agnes) Fraser, m 1st Lachlan Macintosh, Captain of Clan Chattan, and m 2nd Sir Walter Innes of that Ilk
 1228 - 1308 Andrew Fraser 80 80 1232 Beatrix Chen 1259 - 1333 Simon of Brotherton Fraser 74 74 1263 Andrew Fraser 1265 James Fraser Christian Fraser Tormond Laird of Dunvegan Macleod 1296 Malcolm Laird of Dunvegan Macleod 1195 - 1263 Gilbert Fraser 68 68 1206 Christian 1226 - 1291 Simon Fraser 65 65 1230 William Fraser 1164 - 1258 Bernard Fraser 94 94 1168 Mary Ogilvie 1197 Fenella Fraser 1199 Helen Fraser 1131 Udard de Fraser 1135 Kylvert 1162 Adam Fraser 1166 Gilbert Fraser 1168 Simon Fraser 1170 Nessius Fraser 1098 Gilbert Fraser 1102 1129 Oliver Fraser 1133 Fraser 1135 Maria Fraser Reginald le Chen Mary de Moravia Reginald le Chen D. 1293 Reginald le Chen Comyn Bernard le Chen William le Chen Note: This connection has not yet been fully proved  D. 1269 Freskin of Duffus de Moravia Johanna Strathnaver D. 1263 Walter of Duffus de Moravia 1169 - 1222 Hugh of Duffus and Strabrock de Moravia 53 53 1185 Joan Jonsdottir 1200 - 1248 William Sutherland 48 48 Sutherland comes from the Norse word "Sudrland" or southland meaning south of Orkney & Caithness, which is where the Norse that named it were located. Sutherland is one of the most northern parts of Scotland, only exceeded in its "northness" by Caithness on the main island of Britain.

Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999 Page: 2769
 1203 Andrew Sutherland (Moravia) 1138 - 1204 William Sutherland 66 66 William; of age by 1160; seems to have died in or after 1204, having had, with two younger sons (William de Moravia (ie. "of Moray") living 1195, dead by 1226, alleged ancestors of the Moray's of Bothwell; also a 2nd younger son Andrew, Parson of Duffus 1203).

Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 2769  1140 de Olifard Oliphant 1171 - 1195 William de Moravia 24 24 http://www3.telus.net/kiltedcanucks/yyyy/trip/album29/chapter4.htm

William Moray of Petty; probable ancestor of Murray's, undoubtedly grandson of Freskin, possibly a Fleming.

Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 133, 2769 Text: 133=William Moray, 2769=William de Moravia  1173 Andrew Sutherland 1169 Hugh of Duffus and Strabrock de Moravia 1107 - 1172 Freskin Sutherland 65 65 Freskin, allegedly of Flemish origins, granted large estates by David I, including Strabrock, W Lothian and Duffus, Moray; confirmed in these by royal charter 1166-71; died by 1172. Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999

Page: 2769

http://www.duffus.com/ancient.htm  1322 - 1420 James Douglas 98 98 1326 - 1378 Agnes Dunbar 52 52 1363 Agnes Douglas 1378 William Douglas 1378 James Douglas 1348 Margaret Douglas 1300 - 1350 John Douglas 50 50 1300 Agnes Monfode William Douglas John Douglas Nicholas Douglas Thomas Douglas Ellen Douglas Margaret Douglas Elizabeth Douglas Henry Douglas 1280 - 1323 James Douglas 43 43 1280 Joan 1300 William Douglas 1304 James Douglas ~1305 Elizabeth Douglas Johanna Douglas 1250 - 1300 William Douglas 50 50 1302 Andrew Douglas 1200 - 1277 Andrew Douglas 77 77 1252 Freskin Douglas 1200 Archibald Douglas 1304 - 1351 Patrick Dunbar 47 47 1310 Isobel Randolph 1278 - 1332 Thomas Randolph 54 54 1245 - 1298 John of Bonkyl Stewart 53 53 Sir John, of Bonkill, Berwickshire (1246-July 22, 1298), described as the "second son" who married the Bonkill heiress, had seven sons and one daughter, and was killed in the Battle of Falkirk.

Alexander's second son, known as Sir John Stewart of Bonkyll, was killed at the Battle of Falkirk (1298), fighting in support of William Wallace.

Alexander's second son, John, who was killed at the Battle of Falkirk in 1298 had seven sons. The eldest was Sir Alexander who was the ancestor to the Stewarts who were Earls of Angus. The second son was Sir Alan of Dreghorn whose family became the Earls and Dukes of Lennox. The third son was Walter whose family were the Earls of Galloway. The fourth son was Sir James whose family were the Earls of Atholl, Earl of Buchan and Earl of Traquair. The fifth son Sir John Stewart was killed at the Battle of Halidon Hill in 1333. The sixth son Sir Hugh Stewart fought in Ireland under Edward Bruce, the younger brother of King Robert the Bruce. The seventh son was Sir Robert Stewart of Daldowie.
(Wikipedia)

http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=arciek&id=I22343&style=TABLE 1249 - 1304 Margaret de Bonkyl 55 55 1282 - 1351 Isobel Stewart 69 69 1304 Thomas Randolph 1306 John Randolph 1308 Agnes Randolph 1336 George Dunbar 1346 Elizabeth Dunbar 1351 David Dunbar 1340 John Dunbar 1342 Patrick Dunbar 1287 Alexander de Dunbar 1265 Margery Comyn 1242 - 1308 Patrick Dunbar 66 66 1289 Margaret de Dunbar 1293 George de Dunbar 1291 Hugh de Dunbar 1285 Patrick Dunbar 1212 - 1289 Patrick Dunbar 77 77 1218 Cecilia Fraser 1242 Alexander Dunbar 1240 John Dunbar 1152 - 1232 Patrick de Dunbar 80 80 1185 - 1248 Patrick Dunbar 63 63 1206 Euphemia Stewart 1199 Isabel of Dunbar 1164 - 1200 Ada Scotland 36 36 1187 William Dunbar 1189 Robert Dunbar 1191 Ada Dunbar 1203 Galiena Dunbar 1177 Agnes de Dunbar 1117 Richard Avenal Sources:
Title: MCS4
Publication: "Magna Charta Sureties, 1215",
Text: The Magna Charta Surities, 1215,The Barons Named in the Magna Carta, 1215, and Some of Their Descendants Who Settled in America During the Early Colonial Years;
Weis, Frederick Lewis, 4th ed., with additions and corrections by Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr., with David Faris, Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1991.

Frederick L. Weis
The Magna Charta Sureties, 1215, Genealogical Pub. Co., Baltimore , 4th edn, 1991, ISBN 0-8063-1305-6, 9001.c.6412
Title: AR7
Publication: "Ancestral roots of certain American colonists who came to America before 1700",
Note:
The earlier editions were called: "Ancestral roots of sixty colonists who came to New England 1623-1650"
Text: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700. Eighth Edition
Weis, Frederick Lewis, Ancestral roots of certain American colonists who came to America before 1700; 7th ed., with additions and correctiuons by Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr. ; assisted by David Faris, Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1992.
Frederick Lewis Weis. Edited with Additions and Corrections by William R. Beall and Kaleen E. Beall This is the eighth edition of the classic work on the royal ancestry of certain colonists who came to America before the year 1700, and it is the first new edition to appear since 1992, reflecting the change in editorship from the late Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr. to his appointed successors William and Kaleen Beall.
Like the previous editions, it embodies the very latest research in the highly specialized field of royal genealogy. As a result, out of a total of 398 ancestral lines, 91 have been extensively revised and 60 have been added, while almost all lines have had at least some minor corrections, amounting altogether to a 30 percent increase in text. Previous discoveries have now been integrated into the text and recently discovered errors have been corrected. And for the first time, thanks to the efforts of the new editors, this edition contains an every-name index, replacing the cumbersome indexes of the past.
In addition to Alfred the Great, Charlemagne, Malcolm of Scotland, and Robert the Strong, descents in this work are traced from the following ancestral lines: Saxon and English monarchs, Gallic monarchs, early kings of Scotland and Ireland, kings and princes of Wales, Gallo-Romans and Alsatians, Norman and French barons, the Riparian branch of the Merovingian House, Merovingian kings of France, Isabel de Vermandois, and William de Warenne.
"The appearance of new editions of Ancestral Roots and Magna Charta Sureties every few years is a strong indication of the demand for a definitive work on the pre- American ancestry of colonists with one or more lines of royal descent."-New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, vol. 124, no. 2, 1993
Format: Hardcover
Pages: 380 pp.
Published: 2004
Reprinted: 2006
Price: $35.00
ISBN: 9780806317526 Item #: GPC6193
Title: MCS
Publication: "Magna Charta Pedigrees (Portland East Stake Gen. Lib.)".
Title: CP
Publication: "The Complete Peerage",
Note:
11:366, Los Angeles Public Library, 929.721 C682.
Text: "The Complete Peerage," G. E. Cokayne, 1910 - London: St. Catherine Press
The Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, , Extant, Extinct, or Dormant
1st edn, 8 vols, 1887-98
2nd edn, 12 vols, 1910-59, RR, Research Area, Stall 91, R493.30, CS 421 (RR)
repub in photo-reduced size, 6 vols, by Alan Sutton Pub Ltd, 1982, hardback ISBN 0-904387-82-8, paper bound ISBN 0-86299-442-X, and by St Martin Ltd, 1984, ISBN 0-312-15836-X, RR
Title: Moncreiffe
Publication: "Royal Highness, Ancestry of the Royal Child",
Title: PRES.GED
Publication: "Presidents GEDCOM File",
Sibyl John Fraser Alexander Bonkyl 1280 Robert Stewart 1280 Hugh Steward 1274 Walter Stewart 1276 - 1333 James Stewart 57 57 1272 - 1333 Alan Stewart 61 61 Sir Alan Stewart was the son of Sir John Stewart, Lord of Bonkyl and Margaret De Bonkyl. He was born before 1298. He died on 19 July 1333, killed in action.

He fought in the Battle of Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333.

Sir Alan Stewart; granted the lands of Dreghorn, Ayr, for his services to Robert I The Bruce ; bought the lands of Crookston, including the territorial Lordship of Darnley 1330; killed a t Battle of Halidon Hill1333. [Burke's Peerage]

http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:3316633&id=I662458028&style=TABLE

---

John's second son was Sir Alan of Dreghorn whose family became the Earls and Dukes of Lennox.

Battle of Halidon Hill (July 19, 1333) was fought during the second War of Scottish Independence. Scottish forces under Sir Archibald Douglas were heavily defeated on unfavourable terrain while trying to relieve Berwick-upon-Tweed.
(Wikipedia)

Sir Alan Stewart of Dreghorn (k.1333) was a Scottish nobleman.

The son of John Stewart of Bonkyll and his wife Margaret de Bonkyll, Sir Alan fought for Robert the Bruce during the First War of Scottish Independence.

Sir Alan accompanied Edward Bruce to Ireland in 1315, following the latter's attempt at the throne of Ireland. He was captured by the English in 1316 but was quickly ransomed. For his services to the King, Sir Alan was granted the lands of Dreghorn in Ayrshire.

Sir Alan Stewart was killed with his brothers, Sir James and Sir John Stewart, at the Battle of Halidon Hill in 1333.
(Wikipedia)

http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=arciek&id=I23716 1270 Alexander Stewart 1278 John Stewart 1218 Jean MacRorie 1214 - 1283 Alexander Stewart 69 69 Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland

Born in 1214 Died in 1283
Alexander attended St. Louis of France to the Holy War (see picture to the right), and he was the principal commander under King Alexander III at the Battle of Largs October 2, 1263 when the Scottish army defeated the Norwegians. He received from Alexander III a grant of the Barony of Garlies in Galloway on November 30, 1263. In 1264 he invaded the Isle of Man.

Alexander Stewart married to Jean MacRorie, daughter and heiress of James MacRorie, Lord of Bute and Arrah, son of Angus MacRorie, Lord of Bute Alexander and Jean had the following children:
James Stewart
John Stewart of Bonkyl who died at the Battle of Falkirk on July 22, 1298 fighting for Sir William Wallace. John Stewart married Margaret de Bonkle, daughter and heiress of Sir Alexander of Bonkle. Their daughter:
Isabel Stewart who married Thomas Randolph, Earl of Moray; their daughter:
Agnes Randolph who was known as ...Black Agnes.... She defended the Castle of Dunbar and repulsed the English under the Earl of Salisbury in 1338.
Elizabeth Stewart who married Sir William, 3rd Lord of Douglas
 1243 - 1309 James FitzAlan Stewart 66 66 James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland Born in 1243 Died on July 16, 1309
In 1286 James Stewart was chosen as one of six Regents of Scotland. During the Wars of Scottish Independence, he at first submitted to King Edward. However, he joined Sir William Wallace, after whose defeat he joined Robert the Bruce. James Stewart's son Walter married Robert the Bruce's daughter Princess Marjorie.

James married to Egidia de Burgh, daughter of Walter de Burgh, Earl of Ulster and Avelina FitzJohn who was a daughter of Isabel Bigod and grand daughter of Hugh Bigod, Magna Charta Surety. For Egidia's descent please click on Egidia de Burgh .

James and Egidia had the following children:
Andrew Stewart
Walter Stewart
Sir John Stewart, killed at Dundalk, 1318
Sir James Stewart of Durrisdeer
Egidia Stewart

James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland Born in 1243 Died on July 16, 1309
In 1286 James Stewart was chosen as one of six Regents of Scotland. During the Wars of Scottish Independence, he at first submitted to King Edward. However, he joined Sir William Wallace, after whose defeat he joined Robert the Bruce. James Stewart's son Walter married Robert the Bruce's daughter Princess Marjorie.

James married to Egidia de Burgh, daughter of Walter de Burgh, Earl of Ulster and Avelina FitzJohn who was a daughter of Isabel Bigod and grand daughter of Hugh Bigod, Magna Charta Surety. For Egidia's descent please click on Egidia de Burgh .

James and Egidia had the following children:
Andrew Stewart
Walter Stewart
Sir John Stewart, killed at Dundalk, 1318
Sir James Stewart of Durrisdeer
Egidia Stewart
 1245 Elizabeth Stewart 1268 - 1337 Alice Steward 69 69 1248 Hawise FitzAlan Stewart 1190 James MacRorie Dundas 1408 James Livingstone 1397 Elizabeth Livingstone 1410 Alexander Livingstone 1356 - 1402 John Livingstone 46 46 ~1290 - 1364 William de Livingston 74 74 ~1300 Christian de Callender 1345 Catherine Livingstone ~1265 - 1339 William Livingston 74 74 ~1265 Margaret Comyn ~1240 - 1297 Andrew Livingston 57 57 ~1245 Elene de Quarantley William Livingston A contemporary of King William "The Lion" 1165-1214
 Alexander Livingston D. 1128 Thurstanus Livingston 1092 - 1124 Leving of Levingstoun 32 32 Notes from http://www.stirnet.com/HTML/genie/british/ll/livingston01.htm#dau1
This family is thought to be of Saxon origin, the name being derived from Leofing (son of Leof). One theory is that a Baron de Leving followed Edward Atheling into exile and then he, or his son, came to Scotland with Edward's daughter Margaret when she married King Malcolm Canmore. Normally identified as the first (formally) recorded ancestor of this family, and probably grandson of Baron de Leving, was .. Leving / Livingus (a 1124)

Notes from www.kilsyth.org.uk/history/archivesources/livingston_line.htm>
Leving of Levingstoun settled in West Lothian, southwest of Edinburgh during the reign of King Edgar (1097 ­ 1107) and is also known to have been there during the reign of King Alexander I (1107 ­ 1124) and King David I (1124 ­ 1153). His name was recorded in the latinized form 'Levingus' when he presented the church of his manor to the newly founded Abbey of Holyrood in 1128.
 1065 Leving of Levingstoun Notes from http://awt.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=mlysell&id=I11244
www.kilsyth.org.uk/history/archivesources/livingston_line.htm>

Peter Barns-Graham writes: "This family is thought to be of Saxon origin, the name being derived from Leofing (son of Leof). One theory is that a Baron de Leving followed Edward Atheling into exile and then he, or his son, came to Scotland with Edward's daughter Margaret when she married King Malcolm Canmore. Normally identified as the first (formally) recorded ancestor of this family, and probably grandson of Baron de Leving, was Leving / Livingus (a 1124)." Robert Sewell quotes Robert Livinston: "The surname Livingston is of territorial origin derived from the lands of that same name in West Lothian, just to the southwest of Edinburgh. A Saxon by the name of Leving settled in in the area sometime during the reign of Edgar (1097-1107) and it is from him that we get the name "Leving's Town" or "Livingston". Leving's grandson, William was designated in a charter as William the Lion "of Livingston". His descendant, Sir William Livingston accompanied King David II on his expedition to England in 1346 and it was from him that he acquired the Barony of Callendar, Stirlingshire, and whose heiress he married. These are the 'Lowland Livingstons' from whose branches descended the Livingstons of Dunipace, Kinnaird, Bonton and Westquarter." "Baron de Leving a Saxon nobleman who accompanied St. Margaret the Exile when she arrived at the Court of King Edward the Confessor in 1057."
 ~1270 Patrick de Callender 1278 Alwin de Callender D. 1303 John de Callender D. 1240 Alwin of Callender 1190 Malcolm of Callender 1217 Eva of Lennox Duncan of Callender 1160 - 1225 Alwyn of Lennox 65 65 Alwyn, 2nd Earl of Lennox (d by 1225)
m. Eva of Menteith (dau of Gilchrist, 1st Earl of Menteith)

Notes from http://www.clangalbraith.org/GalbraithsOfTheLennox/lennox.htm
GALBRAITHS OF THE LENNOX
PRIVATELY PRINTED

Compiled by Col. T. L. Galloway of Auchendrane in 1944

......It was in the old Cumbrian, or Clydesdale Kingdom, that the Earldom of Levenax was situated. Roughly, the boundaries were from the Clyde at Dumbarton to Arrochar in the North, and from the shores of the Gareloch to Fintry, including Kilpatrick and Baldernock. Loch Lomond and the banks of the Leven may be taken as the centre of the Earldom. It is here, then, in this interesting and beautiful part of Scotland that we can first trace the origin of the name "Galbraith."

The first Galbraiths who can be definitely found mentioned in any charter were the brothers Gillespie and Roderick Galbraith.

As witnesses in several charters they are called the nephews of Alwyn II, Earl of Lennox. Now, these brothers might be called nephews of Alwyn from various circumstances. They might be the sons of a brother of Alwyn. That Alwyn the first Earl had another son, Eth, is indicated in an Ayrshire Charter, dated 1193. (Liber de Melrose vol. I, p. 22.) But it would seem unlikely that sons of this Eth would be named Galbraith, and there is no evidence to show that he left any children.

Again the brothers might be sons of a daughter of Alwyn I and sister of Alwyn II married to a Galbraith. Or, again, Alwyn II might have married a lady of the Galbraith family, and Gillespie and Roderick be sons of a brother of that Countess.
Whichever way we take it, this seems certain, that the Galbraiths were of the old Lennox inhabitants and that they early intermarried with the family of Alwyn the 1st Earl of Lennox.
 1168 Eva Menteith 1130 - 1199 Alwyn of Lennox 69 69 Notes from http://www.clangalbraith.org/GalbraithsOfTheLennox/lennox.htm
GALBRAITHS OF THE LENNOX
PRIVATELY PRINTED
Compiled by Col. T. L. Galloway of Auchendrane in 1944

.....This Alwyn, the first Earl, is a very shadowy figure, and the date when he received the Earldom is uncertain. It is known that David of Huntingdon, brother of King William (the Lion), held the Earldom for some time about the year 1166, for at this date he granted the Church of Campsie to the Monks of Kelso. Earl Akvyn II, at a later date, granted Campsie to the Church of Glasgow, and these conflicting claims were the subject of an amicable settlement in 1221 (see Registrum Episc. Glas. p. 100). But whether Alwyn I held the Earldom before David of Huntingdon is not known. It is clear, however, that Alwyn, 2nd Earl, son and heir of Alwyn, 1st Earl, was in possession before 1199, as will be shown later from a charter confirming certain lands to the Church of Kilpatrick.
 Eth of Lennox Alwyn Mor 1100 Mor 1105 Muredach of Levanach Eth of Levanach D. 1136 Maldouen of Levanach Murdac of Levanach 1140 - 1178 Gilchrist of Menteith 38 38 D. 1234 Maurice of Menteith ~1325 - 1382 John Menteith 57 57 ~1330 Marjory Stirling ~1293 Walter Menteith ~1265 - ~1323 John Stewart 58 58 ~1268 - 1305 Marjorie de Strivelyn 37 37 1322 Joanna Menteith John Menteith 1218 - 1296 Walter le Stewart 78 78 Mary of Menteith D. 1300 Alexander Stewart 1218 - 1296 Walter le Stewart 78 78 D. 1234 Maurice of Menteith ~1298 - 1365 John Stirling 67 67 ~1294 Barbara de Swinburne 1375 - 1431 James Dundas 56 56 Christian Stewart 1419 Duncan Dundas 1402 Archibald Dundas 1395 James Dundas 1404 Margaret Dundas 1360 John de Dundas Agnes Dundas 1332 - 1364 James de Dundas 32 32 D. 1332 George de Dundas 1280 Hugh de Dundas D. 1300 Saer de Dundas Radulphus de Dundas Helias de Dundas D. 1215 Serle de Dundas D. 1165 Helias Dundas Uthred of Dundas 1350 - 1421 John Stewart 71 71 1362 - 1439 Isabel Ergadia 77 77 1396 Jean Stewart 1379 - 1449 Robert Stewart 70 70 1381 Archibald Stewart 1370 Stewart 1325 - 1387 Robert Stewart 62 62 1276 - 1333 James Stewart 57 57 1317 John de Ergadia MacAlan Genlelach clann Somarle.- Aillin ic Eoin ic Ailin mc Eoin ic Alx ic Donch ic Dubgal mc Ragnal mc Somarle. Eoin agus Somarle agus Ailin agus Alx og IIII ic Eoin ic Donch ic Dubgail.

The Genealogy of the Clan Sorley.- Alan son of John son of Alan son of John son of Alster son of Duncan son of Dugall son of Ranald son of Somerled; John, Somerled, Alan and Alaster og the four sons of John son of Duncan son of Dugall.

It will be remarked that this is the genealogy of the Macdougals of Lorn. ...John macalan of Lorn, called Macdougal,... had from John Stewart, fourth Lord Lorn of that family, a charter dated in 1451, of the lands of Dunolly, the Isle of Kerrera, &c.- Argyle Writs.

Clann Eoin bogaig .i.- Eogil mc Lochlan ic Somarle ic Eoin Donch mc Dubgaill Donch ic Alx ic Eon ic Donch mc Maelcolm ic Lochlan ic Eon ic Donch ic Dubgail Ferchar agus Lochlan agus Imar tri mc Gillacolm ic Imar ic Dubgaill mc Lochlan ic Donch ic Dubgaill Elx agus somarle da mc Eon ic Donch ic Dubgaill.

The Clan Eoin Bacach (the lame).- Eogil son of Lachlan son of Somerled son of John, Duncan son of Dugall Duncan son of Alaster son of John son of Duncan son of Malcolm son of Lauchlan son of John son of Duncan son of Dugall, Ferchar, Lauchlan and Iver the three sons of Malcolm son of Iver son of Dugall son of Lachlan son of Duncan son of Dugall, Alaster and Somerled the two sons of John son of Duncan son of Dugall.

There appears to be some confusion, caused probably by an accidental blunder, in this genealogy, which the reader will please to bear in mind. The Eoin bacach of this genealogy is clearly the John son of Dunncan son of Dugall of that immediately preceding:- and the two form properly one genealogy under the general head of Clan Sorly.
 1337 Jonet de Isaac 1364 Jonet de Ergadia 1306 Thomas Isaac 1310 - 1353 Maud Bruce of Scotland 43 43 1274 - 1329 Robert of Scotland 54 54 Name Suffix: I
Name Prefix: King of Scotland
Nickname: -theBruce-
Ancestral File Number: B2L0-GQ
!-History of Scotland- by Hume Brown, 1909, Vol. 1.
-History of Scotland- by Charles Terry, 1920, charts.

http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page122.asp

ROBERT I (r. 1306-29)
On 25 March 1306, Robert the Bruce was chosen to be King of Scots and to lead the fight for Scottish independence against Edward I of England. Born in 1274 in Ayr, the son of Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick, he was the grandson of the Robert Bruce who had been one of the competitors for the throne after the death of the Maid of Norway. Robert I had been on the English side when Edward moved against Balliol, but he had subsequently joined Wallace's revolt. When Wallace gave up the Guardianship of Scotland in 1298, Robert became joint Guardian with Sir John Comyn of Badenoch (Balliol's nephew). A few weeks before his coronation, Robert killed his greatest rival for the crown - his joint Guardian - in a Dumfries church, during the last of many arguments between them. For this murder, Robert was outlawed by Edward I and excommunicated by Pope Clement V. His reign did not begin well. He was defeated by the English at Methven in Perthshire; his wife, daughter and sisters were imprisoned; and three of his brothers were executed by the English. Robert fled westward to the Antrim coast. (The story of Robert drawing inspiration from a persistent spider mending its web in a cave dates from the sixteenth century.) However, he possessed real military genius and he was helped by the fact that in 1307 Edward I, the self-styled 'Hammer of the Scots', died and was succeeded by his less effective son Edward II. From 1307 onwards, with energy and determination, Robert waged highly successful guerrilla warfare against the English occupiers, establishing control north of the Forth, and gradually won back his kingdom; by 1314, Stirling was the only castle in English hands. His campaign culminated in resounding victory over Edward II (whose larger army of 20,000 outnumbered Robert's forces by three to one) at the Battle of Bannockburn, near Stirling on 24 June 1314.

Bannockburn confirmed the re-establishment of an independent Scottish monarchy. Two years later, his brother and heir presumptive, Edward Bruce, was inaugurated as High King of Ireland (which increased pressure on the English), but was killed in battle in 1318. Even after Bannockburn and the Scottish capture of Berwick in 1318, Edward II refused to give up his claim to the overlordship of Scotland, and so in 1320 the Scottish earls, barons and the 'community of the realm' sent a letter to Pope John XXII declaring that Robert I was their rightful monarch. This 'Declaration of Arbroath' has become perhaps the most famous document in Scottish history. The Declaration asserted the antiquity of the Scottish people and their monarchy: '...we gather from the deeds and books of the ancients, that among other distinguished nations our own nation, namely of Scots, has been marked by many distinctions. It journeyed from Greater Scythia by the Tyrrenhian Sea and the Pillars of Hercules, and dwelt for a long span of time in Spain among the most savage peoples, but nowhere could it be subjugated by any people, however barbarous. From there it came, twelve hundred years after the people of Israel crossed the Red Sea and, having first driven out the Britons and altogether destroyed the Picts, it acquired, with many victories and untold efforts, the places which it now holds ... As the histories of old time bear witness, it has held them free of all servitude ever since. In their kingdom one hundred and thirteen kings of their own royal stock have reigned, the line unbroken by a single foreigner.' The Declaration also had a stark warning for Robert: 'were he to desist from what he has undertaken and be willing to subject us or our kingdom to the king of the English or the English, we would strive to expel him forthwith as our enemy and as a subverter of right, his own and ours, and make someone else our king who is equal to the task of defending us.' In 1324, the Pope recognised Robert as king of an independent Scotland. Two years later, the Franco-Scottish alliance was renewed in the Treaty of Corbeil, by which the Scots were obliged to make war on England should hostilities break out between England and France. In 1327, the English deposed Edward II in favour of his son Edward III and peace was then made between Scotland and England with the treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, which began with England's total renunciation of all claims to superiority over Scotland. Robert had achieved all he had fought for: ejecting the English, re-establishing peace and gaining recognition as the true king. By that time, King Robert was seriously ill, probably with leprosy, and he died at Cardross, Dunbartonshire on 7 June 1329, aged 54. A few days later, in response to an earlier request by him, the Pope granted permission for kings of Scots to be anointed at their coronation (Scottish kings had previously been enthroned in a mainly secular ceremony at Scone).

This was a clear acknowledgement that the Pope recognised Scotland's independence. Robert I was buried at Dunfermline and, in fulfilment of his dying wish, Sir James Douglas set out to carry his heart to the Holy Land. Sir James was killed fighting the Moors in Granada, in Spain, but the heart was retrieved and brought back to Scotland, to be buried in Melrose Abbey, Roxburghshire.
 1289 Elizabeth de Burgh 1323 David of Scotland 1315 Margaret of Scotland 1325 John of Scotland 1335 Joan Isaac 1337 Catherine Isaac 1339 Isaac 1452 - 1488 Mary Stewart 36 36 1449 David Betoun 1500 - 1576 Robert Semple 76 76 1510 - 1604 Isabel Hamilton 94 94 1522 Robert Semple 1524 Margaret Semple 1526 Jean Semple 1530 James Semple 1532 Marion Semple 1534 Isobel Semple 1536 John Semple 1538 Andrew Semple 1540 Dorothy Semple 1542 Elizabeth Semple 1490 William Semple 1492 Margaret Montgomery D. 1513 John Semple Margaret Colvill 1481 Jannet Semple 1430 - 1488 Thomas Semple 58 58 D. 1495 Elizabeth Ross 1456 Elizabeth Sempill Marion Semple 1415 William Sempill 1425 Margaret Cathcart D. 1478 Robert Sempill D. 1445 John Semple Montgomery D. 1397 John Sempill Thomas de Sempill D. 1340 William of Eliotstoun de Sempill D. 1330 Robert de Sempill D. 1318 Marjory Bruce D. 1280 Robert de Sempill 1393 - 1445 Alan Cathcart 52 52 1397 1424 Alan Cathcart 1362 - 1406 Alan Cathcart 44 44 1366 1331 - 1386 Alan de Cathcart 55 55 1335 1300 - 1336 Alan de Cathcart 36 36 1304 Wallace 1269 - 1309 William de Cathcart 40 40 1273 1235 William de Cathcart 1239 1204 - 1249 Alan de Cathcart 45 45 1208 1237 Cecilia Cathcart 1173 - 1234 William de Cathcart 61 61 1177 1142 - 1199 Rainaldus de Cathcart 57 57 1146 Wallace Wallace Wallace Wallace D. 1296 Adam Wallace Malcolm Wallace 1249 Richard Wallace Adam Wallace Cristine Kilbane 1220 Malcolm Wallace 1190 Richard Wallace Margaret Buckingham D. 1170 Richard le Waleys Philip le Waleys 1426 - 1500 John Ross 74 74 1456 Marjory Mure D. 1447 John Ross 1375 - 1413 John Ross 38 38 1350 - 1398 William Ross 48 48 1345 Catherine Livingstone Walter Ross 1328 - 1374 Hugh Ross 46 46 1330 Margaret Barclay 1275 - 1333 Hugh of Ross 58 58 1300 Margaret Graham 1245 William Leslie of Ross 1257 Montrose Euphemia of Ross 1200 Hugh of Ross 1080 William Bertram 1205 Matilda Bruce 1202 David Graham Montrose 1274 - 1329 David Graham 55 55 Notes from http://home.austarnet.com.au/dfgoonan/GRAHAMpg.htm

Sir David GRAHAM of Kincardine & Old Montrose b. C 1274/75; d. Jun 1329 occ: Lord of Auld Monros Sir David was imprisoned by Edward I in England in 1296 but released in 1297 on the condition that he serve Edward in foreign wars. The Scots led by the Guardians John ...the Red... COMYN and Robert the BRUCE conducted an aborted attack on Roxburgh Castle in July 1299. At a council after the attack Sir David GRAHAM demanded the lands and goods of Sir William WALLACE because the WALLACE had left the kingdom without the approval of the guardians. Sir Malcolm WALLACE defended his brother and each drew their daggers. Since GRAHAM was a follower of COMYN, the outbreak of the fight was reported to COMYN who leapt at Robert the BRUCE and seized him by the throat. The Earl of Buchan claimed lèse majesté was being plotted and turned on the Bishop of St. Andrews. Seamus STEWART, the 5th High Steward and others came between the opposing parties.
In 1320 Sir David signed the ?Declaration of Arbroath? asserting Scotland?s Independence. He received several grants from King Robert the BRUCE in recognition for services. In 1325 he exchanged Cardross, Dumbartonshire with the King for Old Montrose, Forfarshire.
Children: Sir David


***********
SIGNATORIES OF THE DECLARATION OF ARBROATH (1320)
 1245 - 1296 Patrick de Graham 51 51 Notes from http://home.austarnet.com.au/dfgoonan/GRAHAMpg.htm

Sir Patrick de GRAHAM of Kincardine b. C 1245 d. 28 Apr 1296 the Battle of Dunbar (died fighting the English)
Sir Patrick was sent to negotiate the marriage of Prince Alexander DUNKELD to Margaret of Flanders in 1281. In the parliament of 1284 Sir Patrick acknowledged Margaret, Maid of Norway as heiress to the throne. GRAHAM was a supporter of John I ...Toom Tabbard... BALLIOL. King of Scotland (1292-1296) and signed many petitions to Edward I in King John's name. After swearing fealty to Edward I of England in 1292 he was summoned to attend to the English king in France in 1294.
m. Annabella of Strathearn a.k.a. Annabelle children of Sir Patrick GRAHAM and Annabella:
Sir David Graham;
Sir John GRAHAM of Abercorn;
unknown female m. Sir Malcolm DRUMMOND
unknown female m. Patricio GALBRAITH, Laird of that ilk
 1302 - 1347 John Graham 45 45 Notes from www.stirnet.com

Sir John Graham, 9th Earl of Menteith (d c06.03.1346-7)
BP1934 merely identifies this son as Sir John, living in 1317. TSP (identifying him as a younger son of Sir Patrick by Annabella of Strathearn) reports a suggestion that he was the Sir John who became Earl of Menteith through his marriage.
m. (before 05.1334) Mary Stewart, Countess of Menteith (dau of Alan, 7th Earl of Mentieth)
 ~1210 - 1270 David de Graham 60 60 ~1185 - 1244 David de Graham 59 59 ~1190 Agnes Noble ~1165 - ~1200 David de Graham 35 35 Notes from http://home.austarnet.com.au/dfgoonan/GRAHAMpg.htm

Sir David de GRAHAM of Kinnabar William ?the Lion?, King of Scots, granted David Kinnabar, Forfarshire and other lands near Montrose. He also obtained other lands in Midlothian from his kinsman Henry de GRAHAM of Dalkeith. md. Amabel b. C 1180 children of Sir David de GRAHAM and Amabel:
Sir David;
Sir Patrick;
Sir Thomas;
William
 ~1170 Anabel de Faunes Gilbert de Graham Matilda d' Aubigny William de Graham 1120 Alan de Graham 1097 - 1139 William de Graham 42 42 Notes from http://home.austarnet.com.au/dfgoonan/GRAHAMDalk.htm

William de GRAHAM of Abercorn & Dalkeith b. C 1093 William received the lands of Abercorn and Dalkeith from David I, King of Scots in 1127/28. William of Graham was a witness to David I?s ?Holyrood Charter? in 1143-1147. children of William de GRAHAM:
Peter;
Alan GRAHAM
 1123 Peter de Graham 1176 - 1244 Robert of Strathearn 68 68 1170 Katherine de Strathearn 1194 - 1271 Malise of Strathearn 77 77 1150 - 1223 Gilbert of Strathearn 73 73 1179 Fergus of Strathearn 1180 Malise of Strathearn 1182 Gilbert de Strathearn 1170 Gilchrist of Strathearn 1172 William of Strathearn 1184 Matilda of Strathearn 1174 Ferthed of Strathearn 1222 Cecilia of Strathearn ~1130 - 1171 Ferquhard of Strathearn 41 41 Ferchar, Earl of Strathearn
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mormaer Ferchar (fl. 1138) is the second earliest known Mormaer of Strathearn, but as with other Mormaerdoms, this is simply a source problem and in no way means the he actually was the second.

Ferchar, like his predecessor Máel Ísu I, is largely absent from the witness lists of Scottish royal charters, indicating a lack of involvement with the Franco-Gaelic Kings of the Scots. However, after the defeat of the Scottish army at the Battle of the Standard, his father Máel Ísu was required to give a son as a hostage; it is possible, but of course not certain, that this son was Ferchar.

It is clear that Ferchar was regarded as the most important native Scottish noble of his time, especially during the minority of Donnchad II, Mormaer of Fife. Ferchar is most famous perhaps for leading the so-called Revolt of the Earls, a protest against King Máel Coluim IV's expedition to Toulouse in the entourage of his overlord Henry II of England. King Máel Coluim seems to have believed the revolt to have some justification, as there is no evidence that any retribution was taken against either Ferchar or any of the other six Mormaers involved.

Ferchar married a woman named Ethne. He had three sons, Gille Brigte, Máel Ísu and Christian. The first of these succeeded him to the Mormaerdom ~1132 Ethne 1423 - 1476 John Mure 53 53 1427 Elizabeth Lindsay 1454 Adam Mure 1458 John Mure D. 1430 John Mure 1350 - 1409 John More 59 59 1301 Gilchrist Mure 1321 1352 Godfrey Mure 1354 Archibald Mure 1267 - 1329 Robert Mure 62 62 1271 Sibilla Graham 1299 William Mure 1303 Alicia Mure 1305 John Mure 1293 - 1380 Adam Mure 87 87 1295 Janet Mure 1323 Adam Mure 1325 Andrew Mure 1269 Gilchrist Mure 1271 1238 Ronald More 1240 1278 - 1337 John de Graham 59 59 Isabella D. 1304 Nicholas de Graham 1248 - 1316 Maria of Strathearn 68 68 1298 Isabel de Graham ~1247 - 1283 Henry de Graham 36 36 Avenel Roger Avenel 1185 - 1203 Henry de Graham 18 18 1154 Henry Graham 1123 Peter de Graham 1194 - 1271 Malise of Strathearn 77 77 D. 1254 Marjory de Muschamp Robert de Muschamp Robert Colvill 1460 - 1545 Hugh Montgomerie 85 85 1464 William Montgomerie 1483 John Montgomerie 1508 Isabel Montgomerie 1480 Elizabeth Montgomery 1491 Maud Montgomery 1434 Alexander Montgomerie Euphemia Montgomery 1403 - 1470 Alexander Montgomery 67 67 1440 - 1467 Elizabeth Montgomerie 27 27 1436 Margaret Montgomery 1362 - 1429 John Montgomery 67 67 Agnes MacDonald 1395 Anna de Montgomery 1338 - 1401 John Alexander de Montgomery 63 63 Lord of the Isles

Sir John de Montgomery of Eaglesham (who died in 1401 having distinguished himself at the battle of Otterburn in 1388).
 1349 Elizabeth Eglinton ~1265 John de Montgomerie ~1280 Janet Erskine 1249 John Erskine ~1300 Alexander Montgomery Margaret Douglas William Douglas 1323 - 1374 Hugh Eglinton 51 51 1325 - 1406 Egidia Stewart 81 81 1297 Radulphus Eglinton 1292 - 1326 Walter of Scotland 34 34 Walter Steward (1293[1] – 9 April 1326 at Bathgate Castle)[2] was the 6th hereditary High Steward of Scotland.

He was son to James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland by his spouse Cecilia, daughter of Patrick Dunbar, 7th Earl of Dunbar and Marjory, daughter of Alexander Comyn, 2nd Earl of Buchan.

Walter fought on the Scottish side at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314[3] commanding, with Douglas, the left wing of the Scots' Army.[4] According to another version of events, he was the nominal leader of one of the four Scottish schiltrons, but because of his youth and inexperience, its effective leader was his cousin James Douglas, Lord of Douglas.[5] This is, however, disputed, as it is now claimed that there were only three Scottish schiltrons at Bannockburn.[6]

Upon the liberation of Robert The Bruce's wife and daughter from their long captivity in England, the High Steward was sent to receive them at the Border and conduct them back to the Scottish Court.[7]

During The Bruce's absence in Ireland the High Steward and Sir James Douglas managed government affairs and spent much time defending the Scottish Borders. Upon the capture of Berwick-upon-Tweed from the English in 1318 he got command of the town which, on July 24, 1319 was laid siege to by King Edward II of England. Several of the siege engines were destroyed by the Scots' garrison and the Steward suddenly rushed in force from the town to beat off the enemy. In 1322, with Douglas and Randolph, he made an attempt to surprise the English King at Biland Abbey, near Melton, Yorkshire. Edward, however, escaped, pursued towards York by The Steward and 500 horsemen.[8]

Walter, Steward of Scotland, made a charter to John St.Clair, his valet, of the lands of Maxton, Roxburghshire, circa 1320/1326, one of the witnesses being "Roberto de Lauwedir (Robert de Lauder) tunc justiciario Laudonie" (Justiciar of Lothian).[9]

Walter married, in 1315, Marjorie, only daughter of Robert I of Scotland by his first wife Isabella of Mar. The Lordship of Largs, forfeited by John Balliol, was bestowed upon Walter, as well as other lands and the feudal barony of Bathgate, Linlithgowshire.

Marjorie met her death whilst riding a horse from Paisley to Renfrew on March 2, 1316. She was thrown by the horse at a place called 'The Knock', broke her neck, and is said to have died instantly. She was, however, pregnant, and a "country fellow" is said to have instantly performed a caesarian operation and delivered the child alive, the future King Robert II.[10]

Notes
^ Anderson, William, The Scottish Nation, Edinburgh, 1867, vol.ix, p.513, states he was 21 years of age at Bannockburn.
^ Anderson (1867) vol.ix, p.513
^ Simpson, David, The Genealogical and Chronological History of the Stuarts, Edinburgh, 1713.
^ Anderson (1867) vol.ix, p.513
^ John Prebble The Lion in the North
^ Peter Traquair Freedom's Sword
^ Anderson (1867) vol.ix, p.513
^ Anderson (1867) vol.ix, p.513
^ Angus, William, editor, Miscellaneous Charters 1315-1401, in Miscellany of The Scottish History Society, vol.5, 1933, p.9.
^ Simpson, David, The Genealogical and Chronological History of the Stuarts, Edinburgh, 1713.

References
Simpson, David, The Genealogical and Chronological History of the Stuarts, Edinburgh, 1713.
Burke, Messrs., John and John Bernard, The Royal Families of England Scotland and Wales, with Their Descendants &c., London, 1848, volume 1, pedigree LXVIII, and volume 2 (1851) page xlvi.
Clay, John W., FSA., editor, The Visitation of Cambridge, 1575 and 1619 by Henery St.George, Richmond Herald, Harleian Society, London, 1897, pps: 7 - 11.
Dunbar, Sir Archibald H., Bt., Scottish Kings, a Revised Chronology of Scottish History, 1005 - 1625, Edinburgh, 1899, pps: 126 - 144.
Louda, Jiri, & Maclagan, Michael, Lines of Succession, London, 1981.
Weis, Frederick Lewis, et all, The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, 5th edition, Baltimore, 2002, p.50.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Stewart,_6th_High_Steward_of_Scotland"
 1322 Andrew Stewart 1318 John Stewart 1298 Isabel de Graham 1300 - 1387 John MacDonald 87 87 John 'The Good' of Islay

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Cokayne, George Edward, Complete Peerage of England, Scotla nd, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, extant , extinct, or dormant. Gloucester: A Sutton, 1982.RESEARCH NOTES: Lord of the Isles [Ref: CP VII p76]

aka John MacDomhuill Lord of the Isles
 Amie Mac Ruairi 1352 Ranald MacDonald 1270 - 1330 Angus Og MacDonald 60 60 Note: Lord Islay, Prince of the Isles; Admiral of the Scottish Navy for King Robert the BRUCE  1270 Agnes O'Cathan 1236 - 1296 Angus MacDonald 60 60 1170 - 1250 Donald Reginaldsson 80 80 1249 Alisdair MacDonald 1145 Fornia de Moray 1148 - 1207 Rognvald Sumarlidasson 59 59 1172 - 1268 Ruairi Roderick d'Isle 96 96 1174 Helen de l'Isle 1176 Dugall d'Isle 1202 Ruaidhri Reignaldson 1168 Olavus of Man 1113 - 1164 Somerled of the Isles 51 51 Name Suffix: King of Isles
Ancestral File Number: PZ7J-20\
aka Somerled MAC GILLEBRIDE


Note:
Somerled, King of Argyll; married Raghnild, daughter of Olaf, King of Man and the Isles (a realm comprising the Iom, Hebrides, and western islands off Scotland that flourished from the late 11th centruy to 1266), and was killed at Renfrew 1164 campaigning against Malcolm IV King of Scots. [Burke's Peerage] Somerled was born around 1113 in Morven, Argyleshire. He wa s the son of Gillebride Mac Gille Adomnan and a Viking woman. Although there is some contention on his ancestry, his father was apparently either of the Royal line of Dalriada , Gall Gael (which is Cruithni or Pict) or both. Somerled's name means 'summer wanderer', a name used by his contemporaries to describe the Vikings. For Somerled, it was a name that prophecized his life -and the combination of bloodlines, at least in Somerled's case, proved itself powerful, as he later forged a permanent spot for himself in the history of the Isles and Scotland. Sometime in Somerled's early youth, the Lochlans and the Fingalls (Clans or tribes) expelled Somerled's family from their home. They took refuge in Ireland, where Gillebride managed to persuade the Colla (an Irish tribe) to assist him in the recovery of his possessions or holdings. A large force of approximately 500 men accompanied the family home. The mission was a failure, however, and his father either died in the battle or soon afterwards. Somerled lived for a while in the caves of his homeland, fishing and hunting for his survival. Slowly he grew into man hood and became, according to the accounts; "A well tempered man, in body shapely, of a fair and piercing eye, of middle stature and quick discernment." During this period of his life several things happened in quick succession which made Somerled a man of stature. In one story, Somerled put himself at the head of the inhabitants of Morven and attacked the Norwegians. He was successful, and recovered his family's lands at the same time. He then was master of Morven, Lochaber and northern Argyle . Soon after this he conquered the southern portions and pronounced himself Thane or Regulus of Argyle. This happened at abou t the same time as David the First's war with the Norwegians, which took place in 1135, so Somerled may have received these lands in a grant from the King. His newfound power greatly increased his standing, but it also drew the attention of his neighbors, the Vikings in the Isles (the Isle of Skye, the Isle of Man and that general area). Somerled, however, still did not have the force required to take on the Olaf the Red, the Viking Lord of the Isles. Instead he chose to woo his enemy for the hand of his daughter , Ragnhild. Eventually he succeeded (some say by trickery ) in obtaining Olaf's daughter's hand and the two were married in approximately 1140. For the next fourteen years Somerled and Ragnhild lived i n relative peace and started raising a family. Raginald gave him three sons, Dugall, Reginald, and Angus. These sons joined his son by a previous marriage, Gillecallum. In 1154, Olaf (Olave in some stories) was murdered by his nephews who quickly took control of the northern half of the Kingdom of the Isles. Olaf's son, Godfred (or Godfrey) heard of the events and returned from Norway, quickly regaining possession of the entire Kingdom. But Godfrey was a tyrant , and the Islemen soon revolted against his leadership. Some of the chieftans of the Isles appealed to Somerled for help. He joined them and defeated Godfrey, in the process taking the southern half of the Kingdom for himself. About two years later Godfrey and Somerled again went to war, this time Somerled was using new ships with a rudder and Godfrey was defeated again. Somerled became King of the Isles in about 1156. At about the same time, Somerled was also campaigning in Scotland to a small degree and this in combination with his new title as King of the Isles drew the attention of its King. King Malcolm IV of Scotland was concerned over Somerled's growing power and dispatched an army to Argyle. In 1160, after a battle the two Kings reached an understanding and there was again peace. This peace was short lived however, as in late 1163, after being continually insulted by Malcolm and his ministers, Somerled led an army against Scotland. The King of the Isles sailed up the Clyde with 164 galleys and 15,000 troops to Greenock. He landed at the Bay of St. Lawrence and marched on Renfrew. There are two popular stories about what occurred in Scotland. In one version, a bribed nephew murdered Somerled and the army of the Isles dispersed and went home. In the other version of the story, battle was joined between the Scots and the men of the Isles and Somerled was killed. His son Gillecallum, his heir, also died during the battle. Now without a leader, the army from the Isles dispersed and went home. In either case Somerled died in Scotland in very early 1164. Somerled is generally credited with breaking the power of the Vikings in the Isles as his descendants remained Kings of the Isles for centuries after his death. One of Somerled' s grandsons, a Donald, is also considered the ancestor of the Clan Donald, for his sons were the first to carry the name MacDonald. ********************************************************** British Kings & Queens by Mark Ashley on pages 433-434 regarding Somerled: "Somerled was the son of Gillebride, thane of Argyll, and was descended from Ragnall, the Danish king of York. He wa s born in Ireland (where his father had been exiled by the Scots king Edgar) perhaps around the year 1105. His mother was Norse, the daughter of Sigurd II of Orkney, and she named the boy with a typical Norse nickname, which means "summer voyager". We know little of his early life, but he seems to have regained his heritage sometime before 1130, because he was already styled thane of Argyll when his sister married Malcolm, the illegitimate son of Alexander I of Scotland. Somerled wa s a skilled negotiator from an early age and he had probably re-established himself with the Scottish king David, for by 1138 he was in charge of the West Highland contingent of David's army. He also talked his way into the confidence of Olaf (I ) king of Man, whose daughter, Ragnhild, he married in 1140 . Throughout these years Somerled maintained a strong affection for the kingdom of the Gaels, not the rapidly anglicised or Anglo-Norman kingdom that King David had developed. Although it was the way of the future, Somerled rejected it. He was unable to convince David, but when the new and very young king, Malcolm IV, succeeded to the throne in 1153, Somerled tried again. In 1154 Somerled and his nephews rebelled against Malcolm IV. At this same time Olaf of Man had died and his son, Godred II, had returned to the Isles and was proving something of a despot. Somerled spent two years redesigning and rebuilding his fleet and then, in January 1156 met Godred in battle off Islay. Godred's fleet was the most powerful in Britain and he should have been the victor but Somerled's new design, which allowed him to out-manouevre his opponent, won him the day, though there were significant losses on both sides . As a result Godred and Somerled negotiated and agreed to divide the Isles. Somerled received the southern Hebrides , which consisted of the two main groupings of islands around Islay and Mull. Godred's continued intolerance caused Somerled to bring his fleet against him again in 1158 and this time Godred fled back to Norway. Somerled's claims were upheld and he became king of the Isles, a title accepted by both King Igne of Norway and eventually (in 1160) by Malcolm IV of Scotland. Somerled so ingratiated himself with the Scottish king that he earned the nickname. "sit-by-the-king". Nevertheless his attempts to sway Malcolm toward maintaining the Gaelic heritage remained thwarted. Somerled did try to have the Celtic church reinstated on Iona, and it was only his death that halted this development. In 1164, Somerled raised an army in the hope of forcing Malcolm into treaty. A force of 10,000 men sailed up the Clyde, from where Somerled took half the army on to Renfrew to parley with the king's representatives . Somerled was found murdered the following morning, but his killers were never identified. Somerled was buried on Iona but was apparently later reinterred by his son at Saddell Abbey on Kintyre. After his death, Godred II regained Man and the northern He brides. The rest of Somerled's kingdom was divided between his sons. The eldest, Dugald, took Lorne and Argyll, with the islands of Mull, Coll, Tiree and Juta. The second, Ragnald, took Islay and Kintyre, which remained the focal point of the kingdom of the Isles. A third son, Angus, took Arran and Bute ."
 1117 Ragnhild Olafsdatter 1154 Alan 1143 Dougall Sumarlidasson 1145 Angus Sumarlidasson 1147 Olave of Isles 1149 Gal Macsgillen of Isles 1151 Beatrice Prioress of Iona 1075 - 1164 Gillebride MacGilleadamnan 89 89 1050 Imergi Somerledson 1052 1030 Somerled Gillebrideson 1032 1010 Gillebride 0976 Gille Adoman Gilleson 0958 Gille of the Hebrides 0962 Hvarflad Hlodversdatter 1080 - 1153 Olaf Bitling Godfredsson 73 73 Name Suffix: King of Isle of Man
Ancestral File Number: 9T9Q-4N

Olafr Bitling GODFREDSSON King of MAN & the ISLES; aka Olaf (Olave) II (IV) `the Red' GODREDSON; aka Olav GODREDSSON; Olaf `Morsel' GUDRODSON

Murdered by nephew at Ramsay
 1106 Ingebiorg Hakonsdatter 1124 Gudrod Olafsson 1050 Godfred Haraldson Harold of Islay Olaf of Man D. 1005 Ranald of Man 0950 - 0989 Godfrey of Man 39 39 0955 of Islay 0925 - 0940 Harald Sihtricsson 15 15 0880 - 0927 Sithrich of Dublin & Northumberland 47 47 Sigtryd Halfdansson of Northumberland 0910 - 0946 Eadgyth of Wessex 36 36 Name Suffix: Princess of Eng.
Ancestral File Number: 9GB3-KM
!Titles:Princess of England and QUEEN OF THE GERMANS.

Notes from http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/Eadgyth

Eadgyth or Edith was the daughter of Edward the Elder , King of England , born 869 , and AElflaeda. Edith's grandfather was Alfred the Great , King of the West Saxons (or King of Wessex). In 929 , Edith and the future Otto I the Great of the Holy Roman Empire were married.
 1070 - 1122 Haakon Paalson 52 52 1080 Helga Maddannsdatter 1104 Harald Hakonsson 1108 Margaret Hakonsdatter 1040 - 1103 Paul Thorfinnsson 63 63 1044 Ragnhild Haakonsdatter 1080 Brynjolf Paalsson 1078 Ragnhild Paalsdatter 1074 Ingrid Paalsdatter 1076 Herbiorg Paalsdatter 1072 Thora Paalsdatter 1031 Haakon Ivarsson 1041 Ragnhild Magnusdatter 1063 Sunniva Hakonsdatter 0999 Ivar 1000 0977 Hakonsdatter 0937 - 0995 Hakon Sigurdsson 58 58 0945 Thora Skagesdatter 0963 Erik Hakonsson 0966 Svend Hakonsson 0968 Heming Hakonsson 0970 Bergljot Hakonsdatter 0890 - 0962 Sigurd Hakonsson 72 72 0914 Bergljot Thorirsdatter 0872 Thorir Rognvaldsson 0885 Alof Haraldsdatter 0918 Vigdis Thorirsdatter 0916 Jorund Thorirsson 0850 - 0933 Harald Harfarger Halfdansson 83 83 Name Suffix: King Of Norway
First overking of all Norway,883. He conquered the separate Fjord kingdoms. King of Vestfold. Also called Lura, The Slovenly for he refused to cut or comb his hair for 10 years; Cut his hair after the conquest and won Gytha.

He was the first to rule, at least nominally, the entire country. Harold inherited three small domains in Eastern, Central, and western Norway from his father, and set out to conquer to rest of the country, spurred by the refusal of another petty king's daughter to marry him until all of Norway was under his sway. In his old age Harold abdicated in favor of his eldest legitimate son, Eric Bloodaxe, who was deposed of by his half brother Hakon I after a few years of misrule.
 0852 Gyda Eiriksdatter 0887 Rorek Haraldsson 0889 Sigtrygg Haraldsson 0891 Frode Haraldsson 0893 Thorgils Haraldsson 0834 Eirik of Hordaland 0838 0918 Skage Skoftesson 0922 0950 Skofte Skagesson 1024 - 1047 Magnus Olafsson 23 23 1002 0995 - 1030 Olaf Haraldsson 35 35 Olav II Haraldsson (b.995-d.1030), king from 1015-1028, called during his lifetime the Fat and afterwards known as Saint Olaf, was born in the year in which Olaf Tryggvesson came to Norway.

After some years' absence in England, fighting the Danes, he returned to Norway in 1015 and declared himself king, obtaining the support of the five petty kings of the Uplands. In 1016 he defeated Earl Sweyn, hitherto the virtual ruler of Norway, at the Battle of Neaje, and within a few years had won more power than had been enjoyed by any of his predecessors on the throne.

He had annihilated the petty kings of the South, had crushed the aristocracy, enforced the acceptance of Christianity throughout the kingdom, asserted his suzerainty in the Orkney Islands, had humbled king Olof Skötkonung of Sweden and married his daughter in his despite, and had conducted a successful raid on Denmark.

But his success was short-lived, for in 1029 the Norwegian nobles, seething with discontent, rallied round the invading Knut the Great, and Olaf had to flee to Russia. On his return a year later he fell at the Battle of Stiklestad, where his own subjects were arrayed against him.

The succeeding years of disunion and misrule under the Danes explain the belated affection with which his countrymen came to regard him. The cunning and cruelty which marred his character were forgotten, and his services to his church and country remembered. Miracles were worked at his tomb, and in 1164 he was canonized and was declared the patron saint of Norway, when his fame spread throughout Scandinavia and even to England, where churches are dedicated to him. The Norwegian order of Knighthood of Saint Olaf was founded in 1847 by Oscar I, king of Sweden and Norway, in memory of this king.

 1002 Alfhild 1044 - 1120 Moddan of Caithness 76 76 1048 1070 Ottar Moddansson 1064 Frakok Moddansdatter 1075 Magnus Moddansson 1230 Majory Stewart Guy O'Cathan D. 1325 Ruairi Mac Ruairi Alan Mac Ruairi 1172 - 1268 Ruairi Roderick d'Isle 96 96 1407 Margaret Boyd 1438 Catherine Kennedy 1460 Helen Campbell Campbell 1115 MacGillebride 1206 Somerled 1490 William Hamilton 1490 Janet Campbell 1520 Margaret Hamilton 1475 William Hamilton William Hamilton of Mackneirstom (later of Sorn and Sanquhar) This connection is being investigated. A web site on Sorn Castle suggests that William Hamilton of Sorn was a younger son of the Udston line rather than of Cambuskeith. The following also looks strange in that the Isabel who married Robert Sempill is shown a generation later than the Isabel (who married George Seton) who is reputed to be the heiress of Sorn, yet the dates overlap. It may be that William of Sanquhar (perhaps of this line) was different from William of Sorn (perhaps of the Udston line). m. (by 1518) Catherine Kennedy (a 1533, dau of David Kennedy, 1st Earl of Cassillis)
(1) Sir William Hamilton of Sanquhar m. Jean (Janet) Campbell
(A) William Hamilton of Sanquhar
(B) Isabel Hamilton -- m. Robert Sempill, 3rd Lord Sempill (b c1505, d by 1576)
(2) Bernard Hamilton
(3) Isabel Hamilton (b c1534, d 13.11.1604) -- m. (mcrt 02.08.1550) George Seton, 5th Lord
(b1531,d 08.01.1585-6)
(4) Catherine Hamilton
(5) Agnes Hamilton (d c22.05.1609) m. (24.02.1542) William Cuninghame, 5th of Caprington (a 1583)
 1475 Katherine Kennedy 1460 Alexander Hamilton 1460 Marion Cunninghame 1509 Robert Hamilton John Hamilton D. 1489 Marion Maxwell James Hamilton Marjory Hamilton D. 1436 David Hamilton 1432 Agnes Hamilton James Hamilton John Hamilton Jane Lydell 1337 - 1402 John Hamilton 65 65 Keith William Keith D. 1476 John Maxwell 1385 - 1464 Margaret Borthwick 79 79 George Maxwell Robert Maxwell 1385 Elizabeth Denniston 1410 - 1473 Mariota Janet Maxwell 63 63 John de Danzielstoun Notes from http://home.austarnet.com.au/dfgoonan/DANZIELSTOUN.htm

Sir John de DANZIELSTOUN of that ilk a.k.a. DANIELSTON, DENNISTOUN occ: Sheriff of Dumbartonm. Mary FLEMING children of Sir John de DANZIELSTOUN and Mary FLEMING:
Sir Robert;
Walter, Bishop of St. Andrews;
Sir William of Colgrain;
Hugh;
Malcolm;
Janet m. Sir Adam MURE of Rowallan

of that ilk, Sheriff of Dumbarton

Sheriff of Dumbarton
 1333 - 1399 Robert de Danzielstoun 66 66 ~1375 Margaret de Danyelston 1310 Mary Fleming 1339 Hugh Danzielstoun Janet Danzielstoun Malcolm Fleming 1355 - 1449 William Borthwick 94 94 1380 Hay Janet Borthwick 1381 - 1457 William of Borthwick 76 76 1st Lord of Borthwick 1329 - 1414 William de Borthwick 85 85 1331 1388 Janet Borthwick 1351 Borthwick 1303 - 1357 Thomas de Borthwick 54 54 1305 1346 - 1389 Elizabeth Stewart 43 43 1342 - 1406 Thomas Hay 64 64 1378 Elizabeth Hay 1374 William Hay 1385 Gilbert Hay 1382 Alicia Hay 1318 - 1346 David Hay 28 28 1320 Keith 1292 - 1332 Nicolas de la Haya 40 40 1266 - 1333 Gilbert de Haya 67 67 1294 John Keith Adam Cunninghame Isobel Craufurd Malcolm Craufurd D. 1497 Adam Cuninghame Elizabeth Cuninghame Adam Cuninghame Wallace D. 1376 Duncan Wallace Notes from www.stirnet.com

Sir Duncan Wallace of Sundrum, Sheriff of Ayr (d c1376)
 Eleanor Douglas D. 1413 Thomas Cunynghame 1322 - 1390 William de Cunynghame 68 68 1340 - 1375 Eleanor Bruce 35 35 1370 - <1415 William Cunnynghame 45 45 Cunninghame D. 1330 Robert de Cunninghame 1290 - 1292 Gilbert de Cunynghame 2 2 1230 - 1285 Edward Cunynghame 55 55 1290 Richard Cunninghame D. 1285 William Cunninghame Stewart 1197 Hervey de Cunninghame of Glengarnock Alexander Stewart Robert de Cunninghame 1125 Richenda de Barclay 1110 Wernebald de Cuningham Humphrey de Barclay 1315 - 1333 Alexander Bruce 18 18 Eleanora Douglas 1276 - 1317 Edward Bruce 41 41 1294 - 1317 Isabelle Strathbogie 23 23 1265 - 1306 John Strathbogie 41 41     John of Strathbogie, 9th Earl of Atholl; one of the Scottish magnates who recognised Margaret, The Maid of Norway, as heir to the Scottish Crown 5 Feb 1283/4; swore fealty to Edward I of England 1292; nevertheless fought in the Scottish army against the English at defeat by latter of Scots at Dunbar 28 April 1296 and was held prisoner in the Tower of London 1296-31 July 1297; married as her 1st husband Margaret, daughter of 6th Earl of Mar, and having been captured again by the English after the Battle of Methven 19 June 1306 was beheaded in London 7 Nov 1306 and stripped of his title and lands (including Chilham). [Burke's Peerage]

Title: Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 2716, 2770

Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: III:57  1270 - 1326 Marjory of Mar 56 56 1292 John Strathbogie 1240 - 1270 David Strathbogie 30 30     David of Strathbogie, 8th Earl of Atholl; knighted 1264; married 1st Helen; married 2nd by 1265 Isabel (born after 1245; married 2nd just after 7 Nov 1270 Alexander de Balliol of Cavers and died Feb 1292), daughter of Richard of Dover/of Chilham (Kent) (son of Richard FitzRoy (died in or after 1232) by Rose, daughter and heiress of Robert of Dover, illegitimate son of King John) by Maud, Countess of Angus in her own right, thus acquiring the Manor of Chilham, and died of plague at Carthage 6 Aug 1270, having joined the 7th Crusade under Louis IX of France. [Burke's Peerage]

Title: Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 2716
Text: no date given  1245 - 1291 Isabella de Dover de Chilham 46 46 1270 Margaret de Strathbogie 1218 John de Strathbogie 1221 Ada de Hastings 1190 David Strathbogie 1195 1163 Duncan Strathbogie 1163 - 1205 Ada of Holland 42 42 1175 Duncan of Fife 1180 Ada de Duncan 1123 - 1154 Duncan Mac Duibh 31 31 Hela of Fife Shaw Mac In Toisich Notes from http://www.stirnet.com/HTML/genie/british/ff/fife1.htm#link3


Note:
In Gaelic, "mac in toisich" means 'son of the chief/leader". BLG1952 (Mackintosh of Mackintosh) reports this much-claimed connection, identifying Shaw as "2nd son of Duncan McDuff , the 2nd of that name, and 3rd Earl of Fife." The numbering of the earls differs between sources, so that difference is not considered significant, but the dates indicate that, if he was of this family, he was probably son of the 1st Duncan rather than the 2nd. In Gaelic, "mac in toisich" means 'son of the chief/leader".
 1190 - 1269 David Hastings 79 79 1196 Forflissa Ferelith Atholl Constantine Atholl Maria 1163 - 1210 Henry of Atholl 47 47 1166 - 1232 Margaret Comyn 66 66 1190 Isabella of Atholl Conan de Athol 1122 - 1182 Hextilda Fitzuchtred 60 60 1130 - 1198 Malcolm Madadsson 68 68 1161 Simon Atholl 1169 Bedoch Atholl 1173 Margaret Atholl 1165 Duncan Atholl 1167 Malcolm Atholl 1171 Christina Atholl 1108 Margaret Hakonsdatter 1103 - 1147 Maddad of Atholl 44 44 1045 Melmare of Scots 1134 - 1206 Harold Madadsson 72 72 Harald, Jt Jarl of Orkney with his cousin Rognvald and perhaps Jt Earl of Caithness too; born 1130; killed his cousin Harald ugni 1198 and so became sole Earl of Caithness; married 1st Afrika/Alfreka, sister of Duncan Earl of Fife; married 2nd Gorm(f)la(e)th/ Hvafleda/Harlod/Hvorflod, daughter of Malcolm MacHeth, 1st Earl of Ross, supposedly himself son of Angus Earl of Moray. [Burke's Peerage]

-----------------------

EARLDOM of CAITHNESS (VI, 7, 8, 9, and 10) 1170?

NORSE PREDECESSORS of the EARLS of ORKNEY - subject to King of Norway until after 1379

HARALD II Maddadsson or Macmadach (nephew of Jarl Paul the Silent and Jarl Slettmali), b. 1130, Jarl of half Orkney, so recognised by his second cousin once removed, Jarl Kali-Ragnvald III, before Easter, 22 Apr. 1139, at the instigation of Bishop John (? of Dunkeld). Left in charge of Kali-Ragnvald’s dominions during his absence (Summer 1151 to Dec. 1155), he went to Thurso in 1151. There he was taken prisoner by Eystein II Haraldsson, King of Norway (1142-1157), and had to ransom himself with three marks (24 oz.) of gold and recognise Eystein as his overlord. After the accession of King Malcolm IV (24 May 1153), Harald’s first cousin Erlend, son of Jarl Harald Slettmali, obtained investiture as Earl of half Caithness and asked for half the Orkneys. Jarl Harald II refused, but a truce was arranged during the winter of 1153. Erlend forthwith went to Norway and Harald returned to Caithness and spent the winter at Wick. Erlend obtained investiture from King Eystein II of Harald’s half of Orkney and returned to Orkney, where he was joined by Sweyn Asleifsson, who, after Easter (4 Apr. 1154), had received a grant from King Malcolm IV of all his lands and rights in Caithness, of which he had been deprived by Harald. On Michaelmas Day (29 Sep. 1154) they attacked Harald who had left his ships at Knarstane and taken refuge on shore; and on 30 Sep. 1154 Harald surrendered his share of Orkney to Erlend and returned to Caithness. In December Harald raided Orkney with four ships and 100 men, but failed to capture Erlend, so he returned to Thurso after 6 Jan. 1155. In 1155 Harald raided the Shetlands in order to attack Erlend the Young, who had abducted his mother Margaret, the Dowager Countess of Atholl, and besieged them at Mousa Broch. He was, however, reconciled with Erlend the Young and allowed him to marry his mother and become his supporter. In the summer Harald returned from Norway with seven ships, three of which were captured by Jarl Erlend III and Sweyn Asleifsson in the Shetlands; but Harald reached Thurso and Kali-Ragnvald III, who had been in Sutherland for the wedding of his daughter Ingigerd and Eric Slagbrellir, came to meet him. An alliance was made (25 Sep. t 156), and the two Jarls immediately started together against Jarl Erlend with thirteen ships and went to South Ronaldshay; but Jarl Erlend and Sweyn evaded them, raided Caithness and occupied Thurso. At the end of October Erlend and Sweyn made a surprise attack on Orkney, defeated Harald (24 Oct. 1156), nearly captured Kali-Ragnvald III and took fourteen of their ships and the latter’s treasure, which, however, Sweyn returned to him, Harald II and Kali-Ragnvald III took refuge in the latter’s house at Orphir. In their turn they made a surprise attack on Jarl Erlend at Damsay, found him dead drunk and killed him (21 Dec. 1156). They went to Kirkwall and were accepted as Jarls of Orkney. A reconciliation with Sweyn followed, but was not kept, and Jarl Harald hunted Sweyn to Hellisey, where he hid in a cave and escaped. A new reconciliation was then arranged by Jarl Kali-Ragnvald. This was confirmed on Good Friday, 29 Mar. 1157, and the two Jarls restored all Sweyn’s property. After that Sweyn, Thorbiorn Clerk and Eric Slagbrellir raided south and sacked St. Maryport in the Scillies (9 June 1157). After the murder of Jarl Kali-Ragnvald by Thorbiorn Clerk, on 20 Aug. 1158, Harald became sole Jarl of Orkney and Earl of at least half Caithness, until Harald, son of Eric Slagbrellir and grandson of Jarl Kali-Ragnvald, obtained investiture from King Magnus V Erlingsson (1162 to 1184) of his grandfather’s half of Orkney and the title of Jarl. After this he became known as Jarl Harald III Ungi (the Young) to distinguish him from Jarl Harald II Maddadsson Gamli (the Old). Jarl Harald Ungi then went to Scotland and obtained a grant of his grandfather’s half of Caithness from William the Lion. The dates of these investitures are uncertain (see p. 26, note a," infra); but Jarl Harald II Maddadsson refused to give up half Orkney to Jarl Harald Ungi who gathered a force in Caithness. But the old
Jarl gathered a larger force in South Ronaldshay and came to Caithness. Jarl Harald III Ungi, with his brother Elm, his brother-in-law Hlifolf Skalli the Sutherlander, who was his chief counsellor, and his kinsman Sigurd Murt, son of Ivar Galli, were defeated and killed at the battle of Wick in 1198. In 1195 Jarl Harald II went to Bergen to make his peace with Sverri, King of Norway, and obtain pardon for having allowed Sigurd Magnusson to make Orkney the base for his
insurrection. King Sverri pardoned him on onerous terms, Jarl Harald was deprived of the Shetlands and had to surrender half the fines of Orkney to the King. The lands of all those Orkneymen who had been killed at Floruvagar, when Sigurd was defeated and slain on 3 Apr. 1194, were confiscated by the King who was to have his own bailiffs in Orkney to collect his half of the fines and the revenues from the confiscated lands. In 197 Jarl Harald, at the instigation of his wife Gormflaeth, dau. of Malcolm MacHeth, 1st Earl of Ross, appears to have sent Thorfinn, the eldest son by his second marriage, to invade Moray, but he was defeated near Inverness. King William the Lion came north to Caithness, destroyed the castle of Thurso, took Harald prisoner and kept him at Roxburgh until Thorfinn delivered himself up as a hostage for his father. Harald was released and returned to Orkney, and next year defeated Harald Ungi at Wick (1198) and seized Harald Ungi’s half of Caithness, King William on this sold Caithness, subject to tribute, to Ragnvald Gudredsson, King of Man and the Isles. During the Mann occupation of Caithness Jarl Harald II remained in Orkney, but in 1200 he caused one of King Ragnvald’s sysselmen, Hlifolf the Quick, to be murdered and reconquered Caithness. John, Bishop of Caithness, was captured at Scrabster and tortured (a). News of this was brought to King William during Advent 1201 and in January 1202 he either led or sent an army into Caithness, after having, according to the Saga, caused his hostage Thorfinn, Jarl Harald’s son, to he blinded in Roxburgh Castle, where he died (? 1202). Jarl Harald made his peace with King William and was allowed to retain all Caithness, but the fourth penny on all lands had to he paid to the King. Jarl Harald II Maddadsson d. 1206. He m., 1stly, Alfreka, dau. of Duncan, 4th Earl of Fife (1136-1154), Regent of Scotland 1153, but repudiated her (probably after the death of her father) during Jarl Kali-Ragnvald’s absence on pilgrimage, having had issue. He m., 2ndly, Hvorflod (Hvafieda) or-in Gaelic-Gormflaeth or Gormlath, da. of Malcolm MacHeth, sat Earl of Ross (1157-1168), by a sister of Somerled, King of the Isles (Sudreys) 1156-1164 and had further issue, Thorfinn, (?) Henry or Heinrek, David, John, and three daughters. [Complete Peerage, X:Appendix A:22-25] (a) According to the Saga, this was done by order of the Jarl, who caused the Bishop's tongue to be cut out and then had him blinded. The Saga records that by a miracle wrought by St. Trollhaena, to whom the Bishop had prayed, his speech and sight were restored. Dr. A O Anderson quotes a letter from Pope Innocent III to Biarni, Bishop of Orkney, written in Aug or Sep 1202, in which it appears that Jarl Harald was not held to have been directly responsible for the outrage and no mention is made of the blinding. In the same note Dr. Anderson quotes Fordun to the effect that the Bishop retained "in some sort" the use of his tongue and one of his eyes.

Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999

Page: 359,469 Text: no date, 2nd wife

Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000

Page: X:A:22-25 ,II:474
 1215 - 1270 Richard de Dover de Chilham 55 55 1215 - 1261 Maud of Angus 46 46 1248 Richard de Chilham 1190 - 1242 Malcolm of Angus 52 52 1200 Mary de Berkeley 1170 - 1210 Duncan of Angus 40 40 1170 1167 - 1226 Humphrey de Berkeley 59 59 1171 Agatha 1198 Harding de Berkeley 1194 Humphrey de Berkeley 1196 Richenda de Berkeley 1110 Theobald de Berkeley 1115 1154 John de Berkeley 1069 de Berkeley 1073 1138 Robert de Berkeley 1109 William de Berkeley Gartley 1090 Walter de Berkeley 1450 - 1513 David Kennedy 63 63 1450 Agnes Borthwick 1485 Gilbert Kennedy 1488 James Kennedy 1489 Thomas Kennedy 1493 Christian Kennedy 1487 William Kennedy 1436 - 1508 John Kennedy 72 72 1440 - 1467 Elizabeth Montgomerie 27 27 1465 Katherine Kennedy 1433 - 1503 William of Borthwick 70 70 3rd Lord of Borthwick 1437 - 1473 Mariota Hoppringill 36 36 1459 William of Borthwick 4th Lord of Borthwick 1461 Adam Borthwick 1467 Catherine Borthwick 1469 Christine Borthwick 1471 Mary Borthwick 1473 Margaret Borthwick 1473 Alexander Borthwick 1407 - 1484 William Borthwick 77 77 1435 James Borthwick 1439 Alexander Borthwick 1437 Thomas Borthwick 1381 - 1457 William of Borthwick 76 76 1st Lord of Borthwick 1383 1409 Margaret Borthwick 1407 Janet Borthwick Johne Matthews Margaret Myrtone Henrie Matthews Issobell Fiddes Jhone Mathew 1548 Katherine Bovman Jhon Mathew 1584 James Fiddes 1593 - 1674 Bessie Geddes 81 81 James Fiddes Agnes Fiddes James Geddes 1575 Margaret Watsoune Archibald Geddes 1544 Andrew Ged 1548 Margaret Anderson Janet Ged Edward Ged Andrew Ged Janet Ged 1531 John Watson 1539 Nans Dewer 1562 John Watson 1564 Harry Watson 1566 Elizabeth Watson 1569 George Watson 1571 Janet Watson 1573 Nans Watson 1578 Ellen Watson 1580 Abraham Watson 1503 - 1553 Richard Watson 50 50 1505 Janet Stenhope 1529 James Watson 1472 - 1521 John Watson 49 49 1479 - 1528 Margaret 49 49 1500 James Watson 1510 Margaret Watson 1500 Agnes Watson 1500 Thomas Watson 1500 Robert Watson 1449 - 1512 Edward Stanhope 63 63 1469 Adeline Clifton 1518 Michael Stanhope 1450 - 1474 Thomas Stanhope 24 24 1460 Mary Jerningham 1420 - 1493 John Stanhope 73 73 1430 Elizabeth Talbot 1370 Thomas Talbot Agnes Catterall 1328 Edmund Talbot 1330 Margaret Byron 1378 William Talbot 1372 Richard Talbot 1374 Gerard Talbot 1376 Edmund Talbot 1380 Matilda Talbot 1307 Thomas Talbot 1311 Elizabeth Bellair 1286 Edmund Talbot 1290 - 1347 Joan de Holand 57 57 1230 Thomas Talbot Martha Robert Talbot 1213 Matilda Pereride Robert Talbot 1163 Ermintrude de Ferrers 1122 William Talbot 1140 - 1189 Walkelin de Ferrieres 49 49 Notes from http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/GEN-MEDIEVAL/2001-08/0998542030

CP says of Wakelin is that he was son of Henry de Ferrieres who inherited the lands in Normandy from his father, Engenulf or William, brother of Robert, 1st earl. Henry was living in 1136, held Oakham, Rutland and Lechlade, Gloucs. He is father of Wakelin who is known to have had two sons named Henry, Seigneur of Chambrais and Hugh d.s.p.and a daughter Isabel who married 1.Roger de Mortemer of Wigmore d. 1214 and 2. Piers Fitz Herbert of Blaen Llyfni d.1235. Unfortunately, there is no mention of Robert.
 1167 Hugh de Ferrieres 1165 Margery Margaret Ferrers 1168 Agatha de Ferrers 1177 Robert de Ferrers 1166 Elizabeth de Ferrers Henry de Ferrieres Peter de Ferrieres D. 1136 Henry de Ferrieres 1072 Engenulf William de Ferrieres James Bellair John Byron John Byron Alice Strelly 1255 - 1339 John de Byron 84 84 Lord of Clayton in 20th year of reign of Edward I. In 1313, he deeded the manor of Farlington, YKS, to Sir Richard, his son. Served with distinction in Wars of Edward I (1272-1307)  1276 Alice Banastre 1207 - 1316 John de Byron 109 109 After 1256 was seneschal of Kersal Cell near Manchester (founded during reign of King John 1199-1206; Kersal Cell was an order of Cluniac Benedictines; after dissolution by Henry VIII, in 1541 it was acquired by the Byroms of Salford & when that branch became extinct in 1684, it became the residence of Edward Byrom of Manchester). Commanded, with others, on Jan. 14, 1279/80, by Edward I, to meet him at Carlisle with horses, arms & all men who owed him service, on "midsummer day then next following," to march against the Scots. Later by royal command he accompanied Edward in his expedition into France & later still fought against the Scots a 2nd time. In the 19th year of reign of Edward I, he was appointed governor of Dover Castle in 1290, & in 1296 Governor of York. By his marriage he came into possession of the lands of Bostworth, Gleggs, Carthside, Akedon, Holinworth & Halcht. As a Knight & Baron, was an army officer & Justice in Lancashire in 1307. 1210 Joan Thies Teutonick 1178 Robert de Byron 1180 Maud Robert de Byron Cecilia Clayton Roger de Buron Nichola de Verdun Hugh de Buron Rolend de Verdun Richard Clayton Hugh de Buron Ralph de Buron 1188 Baldwin Thies Teutonick 1260 - 1292 James Banastre 32 32 Ellen le Boteler 1242 - 1291 Robert Banastre 49 49 1241 - 1291 Alice Woodcock 50 50 1240 - 1298 Clemence de Banastre 58 58 1217 - 1242 Robert de Banastre 25 25 1220 Clemence Orreby 1224 Thomas de Banastre 1192 Thurston Banastre 1197 Cecelia Banastre 1145 - 1199 Robert Banastre 54 54 1172 1200 Philip de Oreby 1200 1108 - 1154 Thurstan le Banastre 46 46 Thurstan Banaster Richard Banaster Robert Banaster 1216 Gilbert Woodcock 1221 D. 1280 William le Boteler Dionysia de Lostock 1250 Joan le Boteler 1250 - 1297 Henry le Boteler 47 47 Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: II:230
Text: no date, but before his father William, who d. bef. 1280.  D. 1235 Almeric le Boteler Alicia le Garnet William le Garnet 1260 le Boteler D. 1233 William le Boteler 1178 Ada de Workington Richard le Boteler Beatrice de Villiers 1105 Robert le Boteler Robert assumed the name 'le Boteler' as he was Butler to Ranulph de Gernon, Earl of Chester.

Notes from: http://genforum.genealogy.com/butler/messages/10659.html
Pincerna is the Latin word for butler. Richard was either given or chose the name Thomas when he was made the Kings Cupbearer. Each of the heirs to the Pincerna title had a different first name. This is not unlike the Roman Catholic Pope. The middle English word for the person that makes the goatskin wine flasks was boteler. Many of the English ancestors used that spelling for the name Butler.
 Maud de Chesney Thomas Pincerna D. 1166 Hugh de Chesney Denise de Bereford Matthew de Vilers 1125 - 1200 Thomas of Workington 75 75 1130 Amabilis de Culwen 1210 Patrick de Workington Alan de Workington D. 1179 Gospatric of Workington Engeline D'Engaine Patrick de Culwen 1136 Orm de Ireby Gunnilda of Northumberland 1090 Orm de Lancaster Henry de Lostock Walter Strelly Alan de Catterall Isabelle Halton Nigel de Halton 1440 - 1503 John Jernegan 63 63 1457 Isabel Clifton 1415 - 1474 John Jernegan 59 59 1424 Jane Darrel 1375 Thomas Jernegan 1380 Joane Love Appleyard 1353 John Jernegan 1355 Margaret Vise de Lou 1336 John Jernegan 1322 Joane de Kelveden 1300 John Jernegan 1320 Agatha Shelton 1270 - 1342 Peter Jernegan 72 72 1272 Alice Germayn 1245 - 1306 Walter Jernegan 61 61 1248 Isabella FitzOsbert 1215 - 1256 Hugh Jernegan 41 41 1220 Ellen Inglethorpe 1185 - 1239 Hubert Jernegan 54 54 1172 Margery Herling 1160 Hubert Fitz Jernegan 1162 Maude Watheby 1190 Thomas Inglethorpe 1215 Peter FitzOsbert 1245 Hugh Germayn 1302 - 1333 John de Shelton 31 31 Notes from http://www.genealogy.com/users/s/h/e/Pam-Sheltonanderson/FILE/0001page.html

Pam Shelton-Anderson 1739 East Albion Drive Sandy, UT 84092 United States pshelton@xmission.com



Sir John Shelton (John 5, Robert4, Henry3, Ralph2, Nicholas1) Son and heir of Sir John de Shelton and Margaret his wife. In 1308, his father settled the manor of Hardwick on John and his wife Agatha[34]. The Visitation says that Agatha was probably a daughter of Sir John Gedding of Lincolnshire and this is supported by the fact that the arms of Gedding were found by Blomefield to impale those of Shelton in several armorial windows and manuscripts. She appears to have died before 1313, for in that year John Shelton settled the same manor on himself, his wife Joan and their heirs[35]. The Visitation has her as the second wife and has no children assigned to her. Blomefield has a third wife for John Shelton, Alice daughter of Sir Robert de Burgullion[36], though the Visitation does not. The Visitation has Sir Ralph Shelton, son and heir of this John as a son by Agatha Gedding, and Blomefield says he was a son of John Shelton and Alice de Burgullion. I believe that Blomefield is correct in this case since Ralph Shelton, son of John Shelton, knight was aged 18 years 8 Edward III (1335)[37]. This IPM is for Ralph?s mother, Alice, late wife of John Shelton. The Burgullion inheritance eventually came to the Sheltons in the line of this Ralph Shelton.

Sir John Shelton sold lands near the Church of St Helen near Mundham to Walter de Filby and Sir Thomas Preston[38]. He apparently did not survive his father for long since April 1333, William, Bishop of Norwich was given custody of the lands of Ralph Shelton son of John de Shelton during his minority[39]. Alice Shelton died before 1334, her IPM being 26 August 1335[40] where in Shelton she held a messuage, lands and rents held for her life of the inheritance of Ralph de Shelton etc. A writ issued 1 May 1334 with an order to William de Rosteleye the escheator to take into the King's hands the lands late of Alice, late the wife of John de Shelton, deceased, tenant-in-chief[41].

Children of Sir John Shelton and Agatha Gedding:

i. Margaret Shelton: Listed as a daughter by the Visitation of Norfolk who says she married Sir Thomas Hetherset, 2nd son of Sir John Hetherset and had issue by him. She died 1397 and was buried at North Walsham.

ii. Eleanor Shelton: She married Sir Richard Brewse son of Sir Giles and had 2 daughters by him[42]. Sir Richard died 1323 and was buried in Woodbridge Priory[43]. He was succeeded by his younger brother Robert who was then underage.

iii. Agatha Shelton: She is not mentioned by Blomefield, but the Visitation of Norfolk lists her as a daughter of Sir John Shelton by Agatha Gedding. She married Sir John Jernegan of Somerleyton, Knt son and heir of Sir Peter Jernegan by Ellen daughter of Sir Roger Huntingfield, Knt[44].

Children of Sir John Shelton and Alice de Burgullion:

iv. Sir Ralph Shelton: son and heir,

v. Sir William Shelton, Knt: The Visitation has him as a son of Sir John Shelton and because he was not son and heir, must have been younger than Ralph. No wife is listed, he was knighted in 1375 and he apparently died in 1389 when his IPM was recorded[45].

Sources:
[34] Blomefield, vol 5, p 264.
[35] Ibid
[36] Blomefield, Vol 5 p 255 and volume 9.
[37] Calendar of Inquistions Post Mortem, Edward III, Vol 7
[38] Blomefield, Vol 4, p 387.
[39] Calendar of Close Rolls, Edward III, Vol 3 p 37. The close rolls have records in 1333 for the death of John de Shelton whose wife was Margaret and the IPM have records in the same time frame for this same John and Margaret Shelton as well as for Alice wife of John de Shelton and her son Ralph. It makes separating the two John Shelton?s confusing though Blomefield and the Visitation clearly separate them.
[40] Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Edward III, Vol 7
[41] Calendar of Fine Rolls, Edward III, Vol 4
[42] Blomefield, Vol 8 p 267; Visitation of Norfolk p 343
[43] Visitation of Norfolk p 343; Blomefield Vol 8 p 267
[44] Visitation of Norfolk, p 343.
[45] Ibid
 Agatha de Gedding 1280 - 1332 John de Shelton 52 52 Notes from http://www.genealogy.com/users/s/h/e/Pam-Sheltonanderson/FILE/0001page.html

Pam Shelton-Anderson 1739 East Albion Drive Sandy, UT 84092 United States pshelton@xmission.com



Sir John de Shelton (Robert4, Henry3, Ralph2, Nicholas1) His father?s IPM dated 25 August 1306, says his was his father?s son of heir and of full age, above 26 years[18]. This puts his birth as no later than 1280. By 12 November 1306, he had done homage for his inheritance and the escheator beyong Trent was ordered to deliver his lands to him[19]. In 1302, John was found to have a quarter fee in Shelton, held of the Earl Marshall as well as land in Heverlond[20]. In 1309, he presented to the church at Mundham[21]. The Harleian MSS relating to the Knights of Edward I list him as Sir John de Shelton son of Sir Robert de Shelton and Isabel his wife though neither Blomefield nor the Visitation show him as a knight. . In 1316 Sir John is on record as overlord of Weybridge, co Surrey, Stradbrooke co Suffolk, Lord of Illeys, Cumberland, Suffolk and Selthorpe in Nottinghamshire[22] and in that same year also held Fretton cum Shelton in Hardwick[23]. He was summoned to the Great Council in Westminster 9 May 1324[24]. John de Shelton married Margaret ---- also called Maud and the marriage seems to have been very unhappy. He was dead by 1333, for 27 January 1333 a writ was issued from York ordering John de Blomvill, escheator in the counties of Norfolk, Suffolk etc to take into the King?s hands, the lands late of John de Shelton, tenant-in-chief[25]. In another writ from Cowick the following 15 March, the escheator was ordered to ensure that any dower assigned to Margaret, widow of John de Shelton was removed from her hands, as the King had learned that she had long withdrawn from her husband to be with her paramour and since she was never reconciled with him, should have no dower[26]. Copinger says that she eventually remarried to Thomas Kenyng.

Known children of John de Shelton and Margaret (order of birth not known)

i. Sir John Shelton: apparently eldest son and heir,

ii. Richard Shelton: He is not mentioned by Blomefield, but the Visitation of Norfolk has him as second son and says that he was warden of the forest of Pickering in 1334.

iii. Robert Shelton: In 1316 Robert and his brother John sold their share in the manor of Heverland to another brother Nicholas[27]. In 1325 he and William Tastard were guardians of John de Lowdham as noted in church records in Frense[28]. In 1333, Robert Shelton, clerk had land in Shelton[29].

iv. Nicholas Shelton: In 1316, as above, he and his wife Alice purchased shares of the manor of Heverland from his brothers John and Robert. Blomefield says that he and his wife Alice had a son Thomas. Possibly the Nicholas de Shelton who along with Sir John Moritz was nominated by Maud, late wife of Eustace Powers as her attorneys in Ireland 4 April 1346[30].

Sources:
18. Calendar of Inquistions Post Mortem, Edward I, Vol 4 p 248, write 378
19. Calendar of Fine Rolls; Edward I Vol 1
20. Inquisitions and Assessments relating to Feudal Aids Preserved in the Public Record Office
21. Blomefield
22. Copinger, Vol 1 p 37
23. Inquisitions and Assessments relating to Feudal Aids Preserved in the Public Record Office
24. Harleian MSS, Volume 83, Knights of Edward I, p 247
25. Calender of Fine Rolls, Edward III Vol 4.
26. Ibid
27. Blomefield, Vol 5 p 264. Both Robert and John are specified as sons of John de Shelton, knight which separates him from Robert son of Sir Robert de Shelton.
28. Ibid, Vol 1 p 145
29. Ibid, Vol 5 p 264
30. Calendar of Patent Rolls; Edward III, Vol 7 p66
 1284 Maud de Shelton 1305 Richard Shelton 1316 Robert Shelton 1245 - 1306 Robert de Shelton 61 61 Submitter(s): NORA KIDMAN - SHELTON SURNAME Microfilm: NONE
MEDIEVAL FAMILIES PROJECT 19879 E COLUMBIA AVE AUROA CO Submission: AF94-103460
USA 80013


Notes from http://www.genealogy.com/users/s/h/e/Pam-Sheltonanderson/FILE/0001page.html

Pam Shelton-Anderson 1739 East Albion Drive Sandy, UT 84092 United States pshelton@xmission.com



Sir Robert de Shelton (Henry3, Ralph2, Nicholas1) Blomfield says that in 1270 Henry de Shelton held the manor of the fee of Arundel and divers lands of Nic. Shelton with the manors of Arsa sive Illeye Combusta, Brent or Burnt-Illeye, in Suffolk , the manors of Scole and of Bedingham in Norfolk; and ROBERT his son and heir was above 25 years old. Regarding the manor of Scole, Henry de Schelton held it and Robert his son inherited this with the manor of Shelton and Bedingham in 1286. The Inquisition Post Mortem for Henry de Shelton, dated 24 Feb 55 Henry III (1271)[9] shows his son and heir was Robert de Scelton, aged 25 or more (which puts his birth at at least 1244/5). Sir Robert was in the service of the King 6 July 1277 and 18 July 1277 received a writ of special protection to go to Wales in the King?s service.[10]. 2 August 1282 he was again summoned to attend the King[11]. , 3 August 1295, Robert de Shelton and Robert de Ufford were ordered to attend in person the keeping of the seacoast near Dunwich with horses and arms against foreign enemies should they come. Sir Robert?s wife was Isabel, surname unknown. Blomefield and the Visitation say that Sir Robert de Shelton died in 1306. His Inquisition Post Mortem, dated 25 August 34 Edward I (1306)[12] mention Isabel his wife, who apparently survived him, son and heir John, aged above 26 years, and other sons Henry and Thomas. 25 August 1306 a writ was issued from the Fine Rolls for the escheator beyond Trent to take into the King's hands the lands late of Robert de Shelton, deceased, tenant in chief(6). They were later given to his son and heir John 12 November 1306 after he did homage for them[13]. A writ was issued by Edward I from Carlisle giving an order for dower to be assigned to Isabel, late wife of Robert de Shelton, tenant-in-chief, upon her taking oath that she will not wed without the King?s licence[14].
Known children of Sir Robert de Shelton and Isabel (birth order not known):

i. Cecila Shelton: The Visitation says that she married Nicholas de Castello of Raveningham, son of Walter de Castello by Sara daughter of Sir Thomas Roscelyne, Knt.

ii. Sir John de Shelton: son and heir

iii. Thomas de Shelton: listed as 2nd son in his father?s IPM in 1306. Blomefield says that this Thomas and his brother Henry presented to the church in Scole[15]. Possibly the Thomas de Shelton for whom a writ was issued 20 July 1322 from York to go on the King?s service in Scotland with Thomas of Brotherton, Earl Marshal and Earl of Norfolk[16]. Another writ was issued 26 March 1324 to him for protection to go beyond the seas with Edmund, Earl of Kent[17].

iv. Henry de Shelton: listed as 3rd son in his father?s IPM in 1306. With his brother Thomas, presented to the church in Scole.

v. Robert de Shelton: Mentioned in his father? s IPM. He is likely the Robert de Shelton that Blomefield says in 1316 held fees in Mundham and Bedingham.

Sources:

9. Calendar of Inquistions Post Mortem, Henry III, p 247, writ 762.
10. Harleian MSS, Volume 83, Knights of Edward I, p 247; Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward I, p 220.
11. Ibid (Harleian)
12. Calendar of Inquistions Post Mortem, Edward I, Vol 4 p 248, write 378
13. Calendar of Fine Rolls; Edward I Vol 1
14. Calendar of Close Rolls, Edw I Vol 5 p 413
15. Blomefield, Vol 1 p 131
16. Calendar of Patent Rolls; Edward II vol iv p 187
17. Ibid
 1250 - 1305 Isabell Shelton 55 55 1282 Thomas Shelton 1285 Henry Shelton 1287 Robert Shelton 1292 Cecilia Shelton 1225 - 1271 Henry Shelton 46 46 1247 John Shelton 1197 Henry de Shelton Submitter(s):
NORA KIDMAN - SHELTON SURNAME Microfilm: NONE
MEDIEVAL FAMILIES PROJECT 19879 E COLUMBIA AVE AUROA CO Submission: AF94-103460
USA 80013


Notes from http://www.genealogy.com/users/s/h/e/Pam-Sheltonanderson/FILE/0001page.html

Generation No. 3
Henry de Shelton (Ralph2, Nicholas1) He succeeded his father around 1244. Possibly the Henry Shelton whose lands were confiscated by the King in 1222 because he had not joined the Welsh army. The Charter Rolls list a 1260 grant to Henry de Schelton and his heirs to hold a weekly market on Thursday at his manor of Burnt Illegh, co Suffolk and a yearly fair there on the vigil, feast and morrow of Ascension. [4] In 1270, Henry de Shelton held this manor of the fee of Arundel and divers lands of Nic. Shelton with the manors of Arsa sive Illeye Combusta, Brent or Burnt-Illeye, in Suffolk , the manors of Scole and of Bedingham in Norfolk. Henry died around 1271 [5] when his Inquisition Post Mortem found that Robert was his son and heir. The name of Henry?s wife is not known.

Sources:

[4] Calendar of Charter Rolls vol ii 12 August 1260
[5] Calendar Inquisition Post Mortem, Henry III p 247, writ 762, 24 Feb 55 Henry III (1271)
[6] Harleian MSS, Volume 83, Knights of Edward I, p 247
[7] Ibid.
[8] Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward I, Vol 4, p 167
 1212 Nicholas de Shelton 1210 Robert de Shelton 1201 - 1244 Ralph de Shelton 43 43 Submitter(s):
NORA KIDMAN - SHELTON SURNAME Microfilm: NONE
MEDIEVAL FAMILIES PROJECT 19879 E COLUMBIA AVE AUROA CO Submission: AF94-103460
USA 80013


Notes from http://www.genealogy.com/users/s/h/e/Pam-Sheltonanderson/FILE/0001page.html


Pam Shelton-Anderson 1739 East Albion Drive Sandy, UT 84092 United States pshelton@xmission.com



Generation No. 2
Ralph de Shelton (Nicholas1), apparently a son of Nicholas de Shelton. In 1225, he married Catherine de Illegh, daughter and heir of Henry de Ilegh. Copinger says of ?Brent Illegh, Lordship was very early vested in the Illegh family and in the time of Henry III passed to the Sheltons by the marriage of Ralph de Shelton with Catherine daughter and heir of Henry de Illegh, and the estate appears to have been quite extensive.? It does seem that her inheritance was large, for he gave 18 marks to King Henry III and did homage to that King for three whole fees held of the honour of Will. De Helyun. Ralph also owned an estate and the advowson of Mundham in Norfolk. Blomefield does not have the death of Ralph de Shelton but the Visitation gives it as before 29 Henry III (1245) and Copinger says that in 1244 Ralph Shelton was dead, succedded by his son and heir Henry.

Sources:
[3] Blomefield, Vol 5 p 254, Copinger, Suffolk Family Manuscripts, vol 1 p 37, Visitation of Norfolk p 342.
 1210 Katherine de Illegh 1175 - 1257 Nicholas de Shelton 82 82 Submitter(s):
NORA KIDMAN - SHELTON SURNAME Microfilm: NONE
MEDIEVAL FAMILIES PROJECT 19879 E COLUMBIA AVE AUROA CO Submission: AF94-103460
USA 80013


Notes from http://www.genealogy.com/users/s/h/e/Pam-Sheltonanderson/FILE/0001page.html

Pam Shelton-Anderson 1739 East Albion Drive Sandy, UT 84092 United States pshelton@xmission.com


Generation No. 1

Nicholas de Shelton is the first Shelton in this family who appears in the records. In 1215, he purchased all the estate of Robert Maloysel and his son Robert in Weybred. He was at that time he was one of the barons rebelling against King John. Apparently, he was at the surrender of Framlingham Castle in Suffolk to that King, and after Nicholas submitted, he gave his son Robert Shelton as hostage for his future allegiance. Blomefield does not give a wife for him, but the Visitation says that he married Beatrice ---- of Hepworth, co Suffolk. Blomefield also says Nicholas de Shelton was lord of Shelton and also of Burnt Ilegh and while the former is unquestionable, the lordship of Burnt Illegh was not in the possession of the Shelton family until after the marriage of Nicholas?s son Ralph so this can not be accurate. There are no records for the death of Nicholas de Shelton.

Sources:
1. Visitation of Norfolk, ed Brig-General Bulwer; printed by Agas H Goose, Rampant Horse Street, Norwich 1895.
[2] Blomefield, Francis, An Essay Toward a Topographic History of the County of Norfolk, (c 1805 Norwich, England), Vol 5 p 264
 Beatrice 1203 Nicholas de Shelton 1205 Robert de Shelton 1150 John de Shelton 1180 Peter Shelton 1210 John Shelton 1124 John de Shelton Henry de Illegh 1300 William Kelvedon 1322 Jane Kelvedon 1325 Thomas Vise de Lou 1355 John Appleyard 1386 - 1438 John Darell 52 52 1390 Florence Chichley 1359 - 1387 William Darell 28 28 1363 - 1387 Emma 24 24 1384 William Darell 1382 Marmaduke Darell 1388 Henry Darell 1390 Alice Darell 1334 Marmaduke Darell 1336 Alice Pigot 1312 - 1368 William Darell 56 56 1319 Elizabeth 1290 - 1344 Marmaduke Darell 54 54 1294 Cecilia 1268 William Darell 1275 Joan de Holtby 1292 Thomas Darell 1294 John Darell 1296 William Darell 1298 Elizabeth Darell 1244 - 1283 Marmaduke Darell 39 39 1249 Helwisa de Insula 1223 William de Insula 1218 - 1278 William Darell 60 60 1226 Ada de Percy 1242 Beatrice Darell 1246 Geoffrey Darell 1195 - 1260 Marmaduke Darell 65 65 1199 1167 - 1226 William Darell 59 59 1171 1144 Marmaduke Darel 1149 Aceria 1169 Marmaduke Darel 1117 - 1175 Thomas Darel 58 58 1143 Geoffrey Darel 1146 Ralph Darel 1148 Robert Darel 1150 Alia Darel 1092 Geoffrey Darrel 1249 William de Holtby 1251 Beatrice 1310 Randolph Pigot 1312 Joan 1406 - 1471 Gervasus Clifton 65 65 1425 Isabel Finch 1383 - 1454 Gervase George Clifton 71 71 1388 - 1457 Isabella Francis 69 69 1404 - 1478 Robert Clifton 74 74 1356 - 1403 John Clifton 47 47 1357 Catherine de Cressey 1336 - 1356 Robert Clifton 20 20 1335 Agnes Grey 1292 - 1347 Gervase Clifton 55 55 1308 Margaret de Pierpoint 1298 - 1327 Robert de Clifton 29 29 1302 Emma Moton 1315 Isabella de Clifton 1272 - 1316 Gervase Clifton 44 44 1276 Alice de Rabacy 1246 - 1324 Gervase de Clifton 78 78 1250 Amfelisia Amicia Sampson 1274 Clementia de Clifton 1276 Margaret Clifton 1222 Gervase de Clifton 1226 de Alvedeleg 1248 Cicely Clifton 1200 Robert Alvedeleg 1204 1195 Gervase de Clifton 1199 Ysmenia de Clifton 1224 Cecelia de Clifton 1226 Ismania de Clifton 1171 Robert Clifton 1175 1179 Ismenia Clifton 1147 Alvaredus Clifton 1151 1276 William Moton 1280 1263 Robert de Pierrepont 1267 Sarah Heriz 1298 Herny Pierrepont 1294 Annora de Pierrepont 1300 Elizabeth Pierrepont 1252 - 1299 Henry de Pierrepont 47 47 1235 - 1314 Annora Manvers 79 79 1255 Simon de Pierrepont 1257 John de Pierrepont 1259 Roger de Pierrepont 1261 Edeline de Pierrepont 1226 Henry de Pierrepont 1230 1209 Michael Manvers 1213 1241 John Heriz 1245 Matilda 1331 John de Cressey 1335 Agnes 1360 - 1404 Robert Francis 44 44 1364 Isabell Bernchard 1383 Joan Francis 1342 Robert Francis 1344 Cecily 1320 - 1374 Adam Francis 54 54 1325 Alice Maud Champmeis 1352 Margaret Francis 1304 - 1391 John Francis 87 87 1304 Margaret 1286 Robert Francis 1290 Cecily 1314 William Champmeis 1310 Agnes Wykeham 1290 William Wykeham 1266 John Francis 1268 Margaret Margaery de Beaufoy 1287 William Francis 1288 Richard Francis 1290 David Francis 1290 Agnes Francis 1246 - 1287 William Francis 41 41 1248 Agnes de Tykenhall 1268 Richard Francis 1270 Gilbert Francis 1272 Robert Francis 1274 Roger Francis 1280 Jane Francis Cicelye Francis 1220 John Francis 1229 Margaret Scolice 1195 - 1242 William le Franceis 47 47 1199 - 1256 Agnes de Bradleye 57 57 1222 William Franceis 1224 Thomas Franceis 1226 Margery Franceis 1228 Agnes Franceis 1230 Juliana Franceis 1234 Alicia Franceis 1170 Robert de Franceis 1174 Mabel de Luttchurch 1152 Robert de Lefranceis 1154 Isabella de Bretton 1175 Richard Franceis 1177 Roger Franceis 1182 John Franceis 1184 William Lefranceis 1150 Hugh de Luttchurch 1174 Thomas de Bradleye 1204 John Scolice 1208 Alicia 1220 Randulphus Ralph de Tykenhall 1250 William de Beaufoy 1410 Vincent Finch 1438 - 1490 Gervase Clifton 52 52 1442 Alice Neville 1456 Margaret Clifton 1457 Robert Clifton 1458 Gervase Clifton 1463 Prothasicis Clifton ? 1465 Thomas Clifton 1467 Hugh Clifton 1473 Gamaliell Clifton ? 1475 Selnester Clifton 1477 Elizeus Clifton 1479 William Clifton 1404 - 1478 Robert Clifton 74 74 1435 Robert Clifton Margaret Clifton 1412 Alice Booth 1392 - 1482 Thomas de Neville 90 90 1420 Maude Neville 1425 Roger Neville 1428 Thomas Neville 1430 Margaret Neville 1435 William Neville 1434 Elizabeth Neville 1437 John Neville 1439 Katherine Neville 1362 Robert de Neville 1366 Alice Langford 1386 Isabella de Neville 1390 William de Neville 1334 - 1420 William de Neville 86 86 1338 - 1402 Elizabeth Fencotte 64 64 1312 Thomas Fencotte 1300 - 1368 Thomas de Neville 68 68 1304 Cicely Blanchminster 1330 Ralph de Neville 1264 - 1335 Jollan de Neville 71 71 1274 Margaret Fytting 1278 Ralph Blanchminster 1228 - 1295 Andrew de Neville 67 67 1232 - 1296 Alice 64 64 1255 Margaret de Neville 1258 Eva de Neville 1261 Matilda de Neville 1266 John de Neville 1268 Hugh de Neville 1270 Andrew de Neville 1340 Nicholas de Langford 1414 Elizabeth Babington William Mortone Isobell Andersone David Andersone Effie Robertsone Jonet Andersone 1550 George Anderson 1555 Helene Boyak 1560 Jhone Robartson 1565 Nicholas Guthrie 1162 - 1231 Jon Haraldsson 69 69 1125 Gormflaeth Mac Heth 1134 - 1206 Harold Madadsson 72 72 Harald, Jt Jarl of Orkney with his cousin Rognvald and perhaps Jt Earl of Caithness too; born 1130; killed his cousin Harald ugni 1198 and so became sole Earl of Caithness; married 1st Afrika/Alfreka, sister of Duncan Earl of Fife; married 2nd Gorm(f)la(e)th/ Hvafleda/Harlod/Hvorflod, daughter of Malcolm MacHeth, 1st Earl of Ross, supposedly himself son of Angus Earl of Moray. [Burke's Peerage]

-----------------------

EARLDOM of CAITHNESS (VI, 7, 8, 9, and 10) 1170?

NORSE PREDECESSORS of the EARLS of ORKNEY - subject to King of Norway until after 1379

HARALD II Maddadsson or Macmadach (nephew of Jarl Paul the Silent and Jarl Slettmali), b. 1130, Jarl of half Orkney, so recognised by his second cousin once removed, Jarl Kali-Ragnvald III, before Easter, 22 Apr. 1139, at the instigation of Bishop John (? of Dunkeld). Left in charge of Kali-Ragnvald’s dominions during his absence (Summer 1151 to Dec. 1155), he went to Thurso in 1151. There he was taken prisoner by Eystein II Haraldsson, King of Norway (1142-1157), and had to ransom himself with three marks (24 oz.) of gold and recognise Eystein as his overlord. After the accession of King Malcolm IV (24 May 1153), Harald’s first cousin Erlend, son of Jarl Harald Slettmali, obtained investiture as Earl of half Caithness and asked for half the Orkneys. Jarl Harald II refused, but a truce was arranged during the winter of 1153. Erlend forthwith went to Norway and Harald returned to Caithness and spent the winter at Wick. Erlend obtained investiture from King Eystein II of Harald’s half of Orkney and returned to Orkney, where he was joined by Sweyn Asleifsson, who, after Easter (4 Apr. 1154), had received a grant from King Malcolm IV of all his lands and rights in Caithness, of which he had been deprived by Harald. On Michaelmas Day (29 Sep. 1154) they attacked Harald who had left his ships at Knarstane and taken refuge on shore; and on 30 Sep. 1154 Harald surrendered his share of Orkney to Erlend and returned to Caithness. In December Harald raided Orkney with four ships and 100 men, but failed to capture Erlend, so he returned to Thurso after 6 Jan. 1155. In 1155 Harald raided the Shetlands in order to attack Erlend the Young, who had abducted his mother Margaret, the Dowager Countess of Atholl, and besieged them at Mousa Broch. He was, however, reconciled with Erlend the Young and allowed him to marry his mother and become his supporter. In the summer Harald returned from Norway with seven ships, three of which were captured by Jarl Erlend III and Sweyn Asleifsson in the Shetlands; but Harald reached Thurso and Kali-Ragnvald III, who had been in Sutherland for the wedding of his daughter Ingigerd and Eric Slagbrellir, came to meet him. An alliance was made (25 Sep. t 156), and the two Jarls immediately started together against Jarl Erlend with thirteen ships and went to South Ronaldshay; but Jarl Erlend and Sweyn evaded them, raided Caithness and occupied Thurso. At the end of October Erlend and Sweyn made a surprise attack on Orkney, defeated Harald (24 Oct. 1156), nearly captured Kali-Ragnvald III and took fourteen of their ships and the latter’s treasure, which, however, Sweyn returned to him, Harald II and Kali-Ragnvald III took refuge in the latter’s house at Orphir. In their turn they made a surprise attack on Jarl Erlend at Damsay, found him dead drunk and killed him (21 Dec. 1156). They went to Kirkwall and were accepted as Jarls of Orkney. A reconciliation with Sweyn followed, but was not kept, and Jarl Harald hunted Sweyn to Hellisey, where he hid in a cave and escaped. A new reconciliation was then arranged by Jarl Kali-Ragnvald. This was confirmed on Good Friday, 29 Mar. 1157, and the two Jarls restored all Sweyn’s property. After that Sweyn, Thorbiorn Clerk and Eric Slagbrellir raided south and sacked St. Maryport in the Scillies (9 June 1157). After the murder of Jarl Kali-Ragnvald by Thorbiorn Clerk, on 20 Aug. 1158, Harald became sole Jarl of Orkney and Earl of at least half Caithness, until Harald, son of Eric Slagbrellir and grandson of Jarl Kali-Ragnvald, obtained investiture from King Magnus V Erlingsson (1162 to 1184) of his grandfather’s half of Orkney and the title of Jarl. After this he became known as Jarl Harald III Ungi (the Young) to distinguish him from Jarl Harald II Maddadsson Gamli (the Old). Jarl Harald Ungi then went to Scotland and obtained a grant of his grandfather’s half of Caithness from William the Lion. The dates of these investitures are uncertain (see p. 26, note a," infra); but Jarl Harald II Maddadsson refused to give up half Orkney to Jarl Harald Ungi who gathered a force in Caithness. But the old
Jarl gathered a larger force in South Ronaldshay and came to Caithness. Jarl Harald III Ungi, with his brother Elm, his brother-in-law Hlifolf Skalli the Sutherlander, who was his chief counsellor, and his kinsman Sigurd Murt, son of Ivar Galli, were defeated and killed at the battle of Wick in 1198. In 1195 Jarl Harald II went to Bergen to make his peace with Sverri, King of Norway, and obtain pardon for having allowed Sigurd Magnusson to make Orkney the base for his
insurrection. King Sverri pardoned him on onerous terms, Jarl Harald was deprived of the Shetlands and had to surrender half the fines of Orkney to the King. The lands of all those Orkneymen who had been killed at Floruvagar, when Sigurd was defeated and slain on 3 Apr. 1194, were confiscated by the King who was to have his own bailiffs in Orkney to collect his half of the fines and the revenues from the confiscated lands. In 197 Jarl Harald, at the instigation of his wife Gormflaeth, dau. of Malcolm MacHeth, 1st Earl of Ross, appears to have sent Thorfinn, the eldest son by his second marriage, to invade Moray, but he was defeated near Inverness. King William the Lion came north to Caithness, destroyed the castle of Thurso, took Harald prisoner and kept him at Roxburgh until Thorfinn delivered himself up as a hostage for his father. Harald was released and returned to Orkney, and next year defeated Harald Ungi at Wick (1198) and seized Harald Ungi’s half of Caithness, King William on this sold Caithness, subject to tribute, to Ragnvald Gudredsson, King of Man and the Isles. During the Mann occupation of Caithness Jarl Harald II remained in Orkney, but in 1200 he caused one of King Ragnvald’s sysselmen, Hlifolf the Quick, to be murdered and reconquered Caithness. John, Bishop of Caithness, was captured at Scrabster and tortured (a). News of this was brought to King William during Advent 1201 and in January 1202 he either led or sent an army into Caithness, after having, according to the Saga, caused his hostage Thorfinn, Jarl Harald’s son, to he blinded in Roxburgh Castle, where he died (? 1202). Jarl Harald made his peace with King William and was allowed to retain all Caithness, but the fourth penny on all lands had to he paid to the King. Jarl Harald II Maddadsson d. 1206. He m., 1stly, Alfreka, dau. of Duncan, 4th Earl of Fife (1136-1154), Regent of Scotland 1153, but repudiated her (probably after the death of her father) during Jarl Kali-Ragnvald’s absence on pilgrimage, having had issue. He m., 2ndly, Hvorflod (Hvafieda) or-in Gaelic-Gormflaeth or Gormlath, da. of Malcolm MacHeth, sat Earl of Ross (1157-1168), by a sister of Somerled, King of the Isles (Sudreys) 1156-1164 and had further issue, Thorfinn, (?) Henry or Heinrek, David, John, and three daughters. [Complete Peerage, X:Appendix A:22-25] (a) According to the Saga, this was done by order of the Jarl, who caused the Bishop's tongue to be cut out and then had him blinded. The Saga records that by a miracle wrought by St. Trollhaena, to whom the Bishop had prayed, his speech and sight were restored. Dr. A O Anderson quotes a letter from Pope Innocent III to Biarni, Bishop of Orkney, written in Aug or Sep 1202, in which it appears that Jarl Harald was not held to have been directly responsible for the outrage and no mention is made of the blinding. In the same note Dr. Anderson quotes Fordun to the effect that the Bishop retained "in some sort" the use of his tongue and one of his eyes.

Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999

Page: 359,469 Text: no date, 2nd wife

Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000

Page: X:A:22-25 ,II:474
 1145 Thorfinn Haraldsson 1160 David Haraldsson 1164 Gunnhild Haraldsdatter 1166 Herborg Haraldsdatter 1168 Langlif Haraldsdatter 1170 Roderick Haraldsson 1100 - 1168 Malcolm MacHeth 68 68 MALCOLM MACETH, illegitimate son of ALEXANDER I [Sct], in 1124, upon Alexander's death, fought two battles for the Crown, against his uncle DAVID I. In 1130 the "Earl" of Moray and Malcolm again entered Scotland; the "Earl" was defeated at Stricathrow, Moray became a province of Scotland, and Malcolm MacEth a fugitive. He was captured in 1134, and imprisoned in Roxburgh Castle. Liberated after not less than 23 years' imprisonment, as Malcolm Maceth he witnessed a charter of Malcolm IV. He was created EARL OF ROSS in or before 1162; for [I160-62] as Malcolm, Earl of Ros, he received the King's command to protect the monks of Dunfermline. He presumably married a sister of Sumerled, lord of Argyll. His death, as Malcolm Mackbeth, Earl of Ross, is recorded on 23 October 1168.

Sources:
Title: Rootsweb.com
Title: Internet Research
Page: 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999 Page: 469
Quality: 3
Title: Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom; GE Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd {2000}
Page: Page: X:A:25 ; XI:141-2
Quality: 3

1075 Ospaksdottir 1083 MacHeth 1077 - 1124 Alexander Dunkeld of Scotland 47 47 Alexander I (or Alaxandair mac Maíl Coluim, modern: Alasdair mac Mhaol Chaluim) (c. 1078 - 23 April 1124), called "The Fierce", king of Scots, was the fourth son of Máel Coluim mac Donnchada by his wife Margaret, grand-niece of Edward the Confessor. He was named in honour of Pope Alexander II.

Alexander was his unmarried brother Edgar's heir, perhaps throughout his reign, and certainly by 1104 when he was the senior layman present at the examination of the remains of Saint Cuthbert at Durham prior to their reinterrment. He held lands in Scotland north of the Forth and in Lothian.

On the death of Edgar in 1107 he succeeded to the Scottish crown; but, in accordance with Edgar's instructions, their brother David was granted an appanage in southern Scotland. Edgar's will granted David the lands of the former kingdom of Strathclyde or Cumbria, and this was apparently agreed in advance by Edgar, Alexander, David and their brother-in-law Henry I of England. However, in 1113, perhaps at Henry's instigation, and with the support of his Anglo-Norman, David
demanded, and received, additional lands in Lothian along the Upper Tweed and Teviot. David did not receive the title of king, but of "prince of the Cumbrians", and his lands remained under Alexander's final authority.The dispute over Upper Tweeddale and Teviotdale does not appear to have damaged relations between Alexander and David, although it was unpopular in some quarters. A Gaelic poem laments:

It's bad what Máel Coluim's son has done,dividing us from Alexander;he causes, like each king's son before, the plunder of stable Alba.

The dispute over the eastern marches does not appear to have caused lasting trouble between Alexander and Henry of England. In 1114 he joined Henry on campaign in Wales against Gruffydd ap Cynan of Gwynedd. Alexander's marriage with Henry's illegitimate daughter Sybilla de Normandy may have occurred as early as 1107, or as at late as 1114.[5]

William of Malmesbury's account attacks Sybilla, but the evidence argues that Alexander and Sybilla were a devoted but childless couple and Sybilla was of noteworthy piety.Sybilla died in unrecorded circumstances at Eilean nam Ban (Kenmore on Loch Tay) in July, 1122 and was buried at Dunfermline Abbey. Alexander did not remarry and Walter Bower wrote that he planned an Augustinian Priory at the Eilean nam Ban dedicated to Sybilla's memory, and he may have taken steps to have her venerated. Alexander had at least one illegitimate child, Máel Coluim mac Alasdair, who was later to be involved in a revolt against David I in the 1130s. He was imprisoned at Roxburgh for many years afterwards, perhaps until his death some
time after 1157.

Alexander was, like his brothers Edgar and David, a notably pious king. He was responsible for foundations at Scone and Inchcolm. His mother's chaplain and hagiographer Thurgot was named Bishop of Saint Andrews (or Cell Rígmonaid) in 1107, presumably by Alexander's order.The case of Turgot's would-be successor Eadmer shows that Alexander's wishes were not always accepted by the religious community, perhaps because Eadmer had the backing of the Archbishop of Canterbury, Ralph d'Escures, rather than Thurstan of York. Alexander also patronised Saint Andrews, granting lands intended for an Augustinian Priory, which may have been the same as that intended to honour his wife. For all his religiosity, Alexander was not remembered as a man of peace. John of Fordun says of him: Now the king was a lettered and godly man; very humble and amiable towards the clerics and regulars, but terrible beyond measure to the rest of his subjects; a man of large heart, exerting himself in all things beyond his strength.He manifested the terrible aspect of his character in his reprisals in the Mormaerdom of Moray. Andrew of Wyntoun's Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland says that Alexander was holding court at Invergowrie (by Dundee) when he was attacked by "men of the Isles". Walter Bower says the attackers were from Moray and Mearns. Alexander pursued them north, to "Stockford" in Ross (near Beauly) where he defeated them. This, says Wyntoun, is why he was named the "Fierce". The dating of this is uncertain, as are his enemies' identity. However, in 1116 the Annals of Ulster report: "Ladhmann son of Domnall, grandson of the king of Scotland, was killed by the men of Moray." The king referred to is Alexander's father and Domnall was Alexander's half brother. The Mormaerdom or Kingdom of Moray was ruled by the family of Mac Bethad mac Findláich and Lulach mac Gille Coemgáin; not overmighty subjects, but a family who had ruled Alba within little more than a lifetime. Who the Mormaer or King was at this time is not known, it may have been Óengus of Moray or his father, whose name is not known. As for the Mearns, the only known Mormaer of Mearns, Máel Petair, had murdered Alexander's half-brother Donnchad mac Maíl Coluim in 1094.

Alexander died in April 1124 at his court at Stirling; his brother David, probably the acknowledged heir since the death of Sybilla, succeeded him

===========

Encyclopedia Britannica, Treatise on Page: Alexander I
Text: April, 1124
 1062 - 1115 Heth Edelrad de Moray 53 53 1045 Tul 1078 Duff Maceth 1031 - 1093 Malcolm Caenmoe Dunkeld of Scotland 62 62 King Malcolm III of Scotland, (1031? - November 13, 1093) also known as Malcolm Canmore (Malcolm with the large head), was the eldest son of King Duncan I of Scotland.

In 1040 his father was killed in battle by his cousin Macbeth I of Scotland who became the new king. Malcolm found refuge in England under the protection of King Hardicanute of Denmark and England. In 1042 Hardicanute died and was succeeded to the throne of England by his cousin King Edward the Confessor. In 1053 Edward finally agreed to help Malcolm gain the throne of Scotland by offering him an army. Malcolm's invasion of Scotland started in the same year. Malcolm found support from the nobles of Southern Scotland. He managed to kill first Macbeth in 1057 and then his successor King Lulach I of Scotland in 1058. He then succeeded Lulach as king. He was crowned at Scone Abbey, Perthshire, on April 25, 1058.

He agreed on an alliance with England, sealed by his (second) marriage to Saint Margaret, Edgar Atheling's sister.

Malcolm had several sons by Margaret - these became known as the Margaretsons. Margaret herself promoted the Romish (or Catholic) Church in Scotland throughout Malcolm's reign. At that time, Christianity did exist in Scotland in the form of the Celtic Church, but it took the form of converted sun-worship pagan rituals.

During his reign Scotland fell under the influence of England. The Lowlands of Scotland started speaking a Middle English dialect and adopting Anglo-Saxon habits. Malcolm unsuccessfully tried to stop this influence by having wars with the Norman kings of England after 1066. In 1072 he was forced to give on oath of subservience to William I of England.

His war against William II of England in 1093 only led to the loss of Scottish territory to England. Malcolm died on November of the same year in an ambush during a battle against William's army. His eldest Margaretson son, Edward, also died in that ambush. Malcolm was succeeded by his brother Donald III of Scotland.

Malcolm established the Dunkeld dynasty which ruled Scotland from 1058 until 1286. Four of his sons (Duncan II, Edgar, Alexander I, and David I) later became kings of Scotland, whilst a fifth (Edmund) ruled as co-ruler of Scotland with his uncle Donald III. His daughter Edith married Henry I of England in 1100. She became known as Matilda after her marriage. 1023 - 1066 Ingaborg von Holland 43 43 1032 - 1058 Lulach Fatuus 26 26 MacBeth's Stepson 1030 Fimmghuala de Angus 1007 - 1032 Gille Coemgáin de Moray 25 25 Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gilla Coemgáin or Gille Coemgáin of Moray was the King or Mormaer of Moray, a semi-autonomous kingdom centred around Inverness that stretched across the north of Scotland. Unlike his two predecessors, he is not called King of Scotland in his death notice, but merely Mormaer. This has led to some speculation that he was never actually the ruler of Moray, but merely a subordinate of Mac Bethad mac Findláich. (Hudson p. 136). In 1020, he certainly participated in the killing of his uncle Findláech. The Annals of Ulster (s.a. 1032) reports that Gille Coemgáin was burned to death, together with 50 of his men. The perpetrators are not mentioned in any sources. From circumstances, two candidates have been proposed to have
lead the atrocity: Malcolm II of Scotland or Gilla Coemgáin's cousin Mac Bethad, who then became the only ruler of Moray. Mac Bethad reportedly married Gille Coemgáin's widow, Gruoch - either as a conquered enemy widow or a widow of an ally and kinsman, depending on who was responsible for the murder. Both scenarios are entirely credible, knowing archaic medieval customs - nothing exculpatory can be concluded from the marriage, whereas the adoption of the stepson may be a weightier indication.

Gille Coemgáin was the father of Lulach, a future King of Scotland, fostered by Mac Bethad, whom he succeeded.
 1018 Gruoch 0975 Mael Brigte de Moray 0990 - 1058 Boede McCinaeda 68 68 He was the father of Gruoch of Scotland and friend to Findlaech of Moray, Macbeth of Scotland's father. He arranged the marriage of Macbeth and Gruoch in 1032, which permitted Macbeth to assume the throne of Scotland in 1040. Later he was behind the short-lived ascension of Lulach of Scotland, his grandson, to the throne in 1057.
 0990 McCrinan Giric McKenneth 0962 - 1005 Kenneth McDuff 43 43 Cináed mac Duib (anglicised Kenneth III) (before 967-1005) was King of Scots from 997 to 1005. He was the son of Dub mac Maíl Coluim. Many of the Scots sources refer to him as Giric son of Cináed son of Dub, which is taken to be an error.[1]

The only event reported in Cináed's reign is the killing of Dúngal mac Cináeda by Gille Coemgáin mac Cináeda, by the Annals of the Four Masters s.a. 999. It is not certain that this refers to events in Scotland, and whether one or both were sons of this Cináed, or of Cináed mac Maíl Coluim, or some other person or persons, is not known.[2] Cináed was killed in battle at Monzievaird in Strathearn by Máel Coluim mac Cináeda in 1005.[3] Whether Boite mac Cináeda was a son of this Cináed, or of Cináed mac Maíl Coluim, is uncertain, although most propose this Cináed. A son, or grandson of Boite, was reported to be killed by Máel Coluim mac Cináeda in 1032 in the Annals of Ulster.[4] Cináed's granddaughter, Gruoch ingen
Boite meic Cináeda - Shakespeare's Lady Macbeth - was wife of Gille Coemgáin, Mormaer of Moray, wife of King Mac Bethad mac Findlaích and mother of King Lulach mac Gille Coemgáin. The meic Uilleim, descendants of William fitz Duncan by his first marriage, were probably descended from Cináed
 1000 Sinill de Angus 1013 Donalda ingen Crinan 1045 Matilda Sinell de Angus 1308 - 1370 Elizabeth Bruce 62 62 1375 Alice de la Haye 0955 - 1034 Robert de Senlis 79 79 ID: I47881
Name: Bormard De+ SENLIS
Sex: M
Birth: ABT 918 in Somme, France
Reference Number: LPT48679
Note:
SOURCES: LDS FHL Ancestal File # (familysearch.org)
AWTP:
"Our Kingdom Come" Eileen McKinnon-Suggs suggs16@msn.com.


Father: Pepin IV De+ SENLIS b: ABT 880
Mother: Nm De+ VALOIS b: ABT 885

Marriage 1 Spouse Unknown
Children
Robert I De+ SENLIS b: ABT 955 in Senlis, Oise, Picardy, France
 0880 Pepin de Senlis SOURCES: LDS FHL Ancestal File # (familysearch.org)
AWTP:
"Our Kingdom Come" Eileen McKinnon-Suggs suggs16@msn.com.
 0885 de Valois 0846 Gervunde de Rennes 0845 - 0893 Pepin de Senlis 48 48 0875 Poppa de Bayeux 0877 Bernard de Senlis 1005 Mathilde de Verdun Sybilla 0890 - 0940 Liegarde Hildebrante of France 50 50 0872 Theobald Thibault de Troyes 0843 - 0896 Eudes of Chartres 53 53 SOME SOURCES SAY EUDES 'S PARENTS WERE THEOBALD I (L) (NOTES) COUNT CHARTRES AND RICHILDE (NOTES) OF (L) PARIS.

OTHER SOURCES SAY HIS FATHER WAS GUILLAUME (NOTES) COMTE (L) D' ORLEANS,

ALSO, VARIOUS SOURCES SHOW THE SAME FATHER, THEOBALD I (L) (NOTES) COUNT CHARTRES, FOR BOTH EUDES I (NOTES) COUNT OF (L) CHARTRES AND FOR HIS WIFE ? (SEE NOTES) (L) CHARTRES.

THIS MEANS THIS HUSBAND AND WIFE WOULD HAVE BEEN AT THE LEAST HALF BROTHER AND SISTER.
 0845 - 0908 Chartres 63 63 0817 - 0875 Theobald Chartres 58 58 TWO ROBERTS OR RUPTERTS (FATHER AND SON)

ROBERT RUTPERT IV DUKE OF FRANCEE

AND

ROBERT I OF PARIS KING FRANCEE

MARRIED TWO ADELAIDES

ADELAIDE ADELHEID H. R. EMPIRE

AND

ADELE ADELAIDE AELIS D' ALSACE

AND EACH COUPLE HAD A DAUGHTER RICHILDE

RICHILDE OF PARIS

AND

RICHILDE ADELE HILDBRAND BOURGES

WHO BOTH MARRIED A THEOBALD

THEOBALD I COUNT CHARTRES

AND

THEOBALD THIBAULT COUNT DE TROYESS

TOO MANY SIMILAR NAMES FOR COINCIDENCE HERE. SOMETHING IS WRONG...BUT WHAT?

ALSO, SOME SOURCES SAY THIS THEOBALD WAS THE FATHER OF THEOBALD THIBAULT I CHAMPAGNE BLOIS 0845 - 0908 Chartres 63 63 0903 Regilinda Franks # Occupation: Agen
# Note: Title: The Plantagenet Ancestry, by William Henry Turton, 1968
# Note: Page: 10 1011 - 1053 Hugh de Vernon 42 42 D. 1168 Maurice de Crouen Sources:
Title: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville
Author: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler
Publication: Accelerated Indexing Systems, Inc., 1978
Repository:
Media: Book
Page: 1356
D. 1114 Alan de Croun Sources:
Title: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville
Author: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler
Publication: Accelerated Indexing Systems, Inc., 1978
Repository:
Media: Book
Page: 1356

---

# Gave, at the foundation of St. mary's Abbey, at York, half one carucate of land in the village of Belton, to that abbey
# Text: p. 505

Sources:

   1. Type: Book
      Author: John Burke, Esq.
      Periodical: The Peerages of England, ireland, and Scotland, Extinct, Dormant, and in Abeyance
      Publication: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley
      Text: p. 532, fn
   2. Type: Book
      Author: Pishey Thompson
      Periodical: The history and antiquities of Boston, and the villages of Skirbeck
      Text: p. 505
   3. Type: Book
      Author: Pishey Thompson
      Periodical: The history and antiquities of Boston, and the villages of Skirbeck
Muriel 1100 Guy de Craon Sources:
Title: Ancestry of Richard Plantagenet & Cecily de Neville
Author: Ernst-Friedrich Kraentzler
Publication: Accelerated Indexing Systems, Inc., 1978
Repository:
Media: Book
Page: 1356
1256 - 1306 Emma de Tattershall 50 50 1226 - 1281 Emma de Tattershall 55 55 1190 - 1232 Mabel Giffard 42 42 1187 - 1249 Robert de Tattershall 62 62 1198 - 1241 Maud d'Aubigny 43 43 1155 Walter de Tattershall 1130 Philip de Tattershall Sources:
Title: Thurston de Montfort.ged
Repository:
Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: 10 Feb 2005
1101 Isabel de Gaunt 1100 Robert Fitz Hugh de Tattershall Sources:
Title: Thurston de Montfort.ged
Repository:
Media: Other
Text: Date of Import: 10 Feb 2005
1070 Hugh FitzEudo de Tateshall 1040 Eudo de Tateshall 1160 Iseult Pantulf 1222 - 1273 Robert de Tattershall 51 51     ROBERT DE TATESHAL, son and heir, by 1st wife, born 1222, on the death of his maternal uncle, Hugh, Earl of Arundel, 7 May 1243, succeeded to the castle and manor of Buckenham, Norfolk; but although the senior coheir, he did not claim or succeed to the Earldom of Arundel (originally and properly of Sussex). He served with his father in 1244, went to Gascony with the King in 1253, was going on the King's service to Wales in 1257 and was summoned to muster at Chester for service against Llewellyn in 1258. He was also summoned for service against the Welsh in 1260, 1263 and 1264; and was called under arms to London in 1260 and 1261. In 1263 he was a Commissioner to complete the eyre in co. Lincoln. During the Barons' War he supported the King and he was captured at the Battle of Lewes, 14 May 1264. After the royal victory at Evesham in 1265, he aided the Crown in restoring peace. He was appointed in June 1266 to keep the peace in co. Lincoln and to receive into the King's peace those who were willing to stand trial for their misdeeds. In March 1267 he was one of the Royal commanders in East Anglia and in 1268 he was called in to aid in the enforcement of order in the realm. He married, before 1249, Nichole, and died 22 July 1273, probably at Tattershall Castle. His widow was living, 30 May 1277

Title: Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 132-3

Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: XII/1:649-650  1226 - 1277 Nicole de Grey 51 51 1235 Henry de Grey 1165 - 1257 Geoffrey de Glanville 92 92 Sir Geoffrey de Glanville, BARON DE BROMHOLME, 1238, MARRIED Margaret, daughter of Sir Geoffrey-de-la-Haye... SIR GEOFFREY DE GLANVILLE, FEUDAL LORD OF BROMHOLME, BACTON, KESWICK, AND PASTON, ETC.
On the death of William de Glanville in 1234, without issue, Geoffrey his brother, succeeded him in the several Lordships; Geoffrey also granted a `deed of confirmation to Bromholm Priory, of which Sir William de Gynento, Lord of Haverland, Sir Robert, and his brother Sir John de Worstede were witnesses, which deed was likewise confirmed by King Henry the Third. William de Boville petitions Geoffrey de Glanville, as his superior Lord, and from whom he holds the Manor of Letheringham, Suffolk, as in fee, that he will confirm to the Canons of St. Peter, Gipwic, his donation of the Church of St. Mary de Crew, and tenth part of Letheringham and Thorpe (Tanner, ex. Libro, Norwich).
In the year 1240 Sir Geoffrey held one Knight's fee of the Lordship of Castle Acre, which, with his other extensive possessions, on his death went to his daughters and coheirs on the decease of his son Geoffrey. In the same year he conveys by fine to Thomas the son of Richard de Backeton free lands in his Lordship of Bacton.

Sir Geoffrey de Glanville married Margaret daughter of Sir Geoffrey de-la-Haye, and by her had issue:
Geofrey de Glanville, who dying without issue, his property descended to his five sisters and coheirs. [fn 19]
Margaret de Glanville, married Edmund, Earl of Cornwall.
Alianore de Glanville, married Lord Almuric Pecche.
Agnes de Glanville, married Baldwin, a Norman.
Emma de Glanville, married Sir John de Grey.
Basilia de Glanville, married Sir William Boville.
Julian de Glanville, married Sir Simon Pecche.

By the death, of Geoffrey de Glanville, the elder line of the Glanvilles failed, and a part of the lands of that branch went into the families of his sisters... [Ref: Records of the Anglo-Norman House of Glanville from A.D. 1050 to 1880, by Wm. Urmston S. Glanville-Richard, Esq. (London: Mitchell and Hughes 1882)
 1175 Margaret de la Haye 1193 Basilia de Glanville 1195 Geoffrey de Glanville 1197 Margaret de Glanville 1202 Alianore de Glanville 1204 Agnes de Glanville 1208 Juliana de Glanville 1110 - 1175 Bartholomew de Glanville 65 65 1145 Isabel de Berking 1146 Geoffrey de la Haye 1174 Nicola de la Haye 1164 - 1224 Robert de Ferrers 60 60 1137 - 1186 Gudeheut de Toeni 49 49 1160 Isabel de Ferrers 1262 - 1300 Thomas Banastre 38 38 1360 - 1424 Maude Francis 64 64 1635 - 1705 William Offill 70 70 1300 Robert Newnham 1333 Thomas Purefoy pg 432, Burke's "A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland and Scotland" 2nd edition, published in 1841  1337 Katherine Whellesburgh 1312 Philip Purefoy pg 431, Burke's "A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland and Scotland" 2nd edition, published in 1841  1316 Margaret Shireford William Purefoy 1290 SImon Shireford 1395 Richard Knightley 1339 - 1414 John Knightley 75 75 [Keeling Tree.FTW]

[v22t0878.ftw]

Was living 1366. Will dated Apr. 23, 1413. Buried in Gnosall, Staffordshire, Eng. 1343 - 1416 Elizabeth de Burgh 73 73 1369 - 1417 John Knightley 48 48 1320 Adam de Burgh 1336 Alilitha Harcourt 1295 William de Burgh 1298 Eleanor Cowley 1315 Robert de Knightley 1316 Juliane 1291 - 1362 Roger Knightley 71 71 Sibil 1282 - 1316 William de Knightley 34 34 1270 Dorothy Glover John de Knightley Nichole 1284 - 1326 Robert de Knightley 42 42 D. 1349 Alice d'Oyley 1256 - 1302 Robert de Knightley 46 46 Philippa 1220 - 1302 Robert Knightley 82 82 1225 - 1301 Aline Pantulph 76 76 1248 Joan Knightley 1186 - 1256 Robert Knightley 70 70 1190 Agnes d' Oyly 1160 - 1207 Jordan Chitteleia Knightley 47 47 1160 Beatrice 1129 - 1199 Robert Knightley 70 70 1145 Sarah Chitteleia 1105 - 1189 Nicholas Knightley 84 84 1075 William Knightley Adeliza 1200 Ives Pantulph 1204 Aline Verdun John d'Oyley 1300 Margaret Tregoz 1292 Thomas d'Oyley Margaret de Hastang 1265 John d'Oyley 1269 Alice de Clavering 1248 Joan Knightley 1248 - 1314 John d'Oyley 66 66 1218 - 1267 John d'Oyley 49 49 1222 Rose de Dustin 1197 William de Dustin 1190 Roger d'Oyley 1216 Roger d'Oyley 1139 Eva Redvers 1138 Robert d'Oyley 1164 John d'Oyley 1105 Gilbert d' Oyly 1173 John de Clavering 1176 Isabel de Merlay 1155 John de Merlay 1152 - 1208 Margery of Umfraville 56 56 1265 Thomas Tregoz 1276 Joan Poynings 1270 Henry de Tregoz 1225 Henry de Tregoz 1235 Margaret de Goring Isabel de Tregoz 1209 John de Goring 1285 William Bellers 1265 - 1290 Rafe Bellers 25 25 1267 - 1290 Sybbell Perers 23 23 1242 - 1303 Hamon Bellers 61 61 1245 Mabel Mansell 1190 - 1273 William Bellers 83 83 1220 Mabell Angerville 1167 - 1216 Rafe Bellers 49 49 1177 Emma de Floville 1142 - 1202 Sampson Bellers 60 60 1141 - 1196 Walter de Floville 55 55 1120 Hamon de Mowbray 1237 - 1314 John Perers 77 77 1240 - 1288 Nichola 48 48 1205 - 1261 Simon Perers 56 56 1210 - 1290 Elizabeth 80 80 1180 - 1212 WIlliam Perers 32 32 D. 1266 Margery D. 1201 Henry Perers 1060 William de Merlay 1095 William de Merlay 1035 William Merlay Sources:

   1. Title: emsuggs.FTW
      Repository:
      Media: Other
      Text: Date of Import: 22 Feb 2009  1347 - 1419 Maud Bernacke 72 72 He [Ralph de Cromwell] married, before 20 June 1366, Maud, sister and heir of William, who died 18 December 1360, and daughter of John BERNAKE (c), of Tattershall, by Joan, daughter and eventual coheir of John MARMION [LORD MARMION]. He died 27
August 1398. His widow died 10 April 1419. [Complete Peerage III:551-2 , XIV:224, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)] 1275 - 1345 William Bernacke 70 70 Sources:
1. Title: The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 132-6

---

GEN-MED ARCHIVES:
From Douglas Richardson
Subject: C.P. Addition: Maud de Bernake, wife of Sir Ralph de Cromwell, Lord Cromwell
Date: 14 Aug 2005

In 17 Edward II [1323-4] Joan de Driby made a settlement of the castle and manor of Tattershall, Lincolnshire on her younger son, Robert de Driby, for life, with reversion to Maud's paternal grandparents, William and Alice de Bernake [see Document #1 below]. It appears that this settlement did not take effect, as the castle and manor of Tattershall were afterwards held by Joan de Driby's eldest son and heir, John de Driby.

-----

The source for Documents #1-3 below is the online National Archives catalog at
http://www.catalogue.nationalarchives.gov.uk/search.asp?j=1

Document #1:
C 143/168/1: Joan late the wife of Robert de Driby to settle the castle and manor of Tattershall, and messuages and rent in Boston, the manor of Bredon (Leic.), messuages, land, and rent in New Buckenham, Old Buckenham, Attleborough, and Ellingham, the third part of the manor of Wymondham, and the eighth part of the manor of Buckenham, with the advowsons of the church of Tattershall and Kirkstead abbey, on herself for life, with remainder as to the messuages, land, and rent in New Buckenham, Old Buckenham, Attleborough, and Ellingham, the third part of the manor of Wymondham and the eighth part of the manor of Buckenham to William de Bernak, Alice his wife, and the heirs of their bodies; and as to the castle and manor of Tattershall, tenements in Boston and the advowsons, to Robert son of the said Joan for life, remainder to the said William and Alice and the heirs of their bodies; and as to the manor of Bredon to John son of the said Joan for life, remainder to the said William and Alice and the heirs of their bodies, remainder to the right heirs of Joan, retaining the manors of Holwell and Kettleby (Leic.), Tumby and Kirkby-upon-Bain (Lincoln), the manor of Babbingley, and a part of the Tolbooth of Lynn (Norfolk). Lincoln. Leic. Norfolk. Date: 17 Edward II [1323-4].

-----

Robert de Bernake's place in the Bernake family is proven by several charters abstracted below [see Documents #1-12], the first being a charter of Lady Maud de Cromwell's paternal grandparents, William and Alice (de Driby) de Bernake, in which they granted property at Baston for life to their younger son, Robert. The seal on this charter displays the Bernake family arms: ermine, a fess.

-----

The source of the documents below is Report on the Manuscripts of Lord de L'Isle & Dudley Preserved at Penshurst Place, 1 (Hist. MSS. Comm. 77) (1925): 16.

Document #4:
1334, November 10. - Charter of William de Bernake and Alice his wife confirming to Robert their son for life all their lands in Baston which came to them by the death of John de Dryby. Witnesses: Sir Nicholas de Cauntelow, Sir William de Grey and others. Dated at Kynthorp [Kingthorpe, Lincolnshire]. French. Seal: round, 1/2 inch; shield, ermine, a fess. S. WILLELMI DE BERNAK."

Document #6:
1339, June 13. - Charter of Alice, widow of Sir William de Bernake, confirming to her son Robert the lands in Baston. Seal: round, 3/4 inch; three small shields; the seal is somewhat defaced, but one shield in Bernak, and one of the others apparently Driby.

-----------------------------

From Collins's Peerage of England:

Which Sir JAMES BYRON, Knt. married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William Bernake, whom he left a widow before the 24th year of King Edward III.  1290 - 1341 Alice de Driby 51 51 1270 - 1321 Robert de Driby 51 51 1272 - 1329 Joan de Tateshal 57 57 1250 - 1310 Joan Fitzralph 60 60 1310 - 1362 Joan de Marmion 52 52 William Willington 1528 Ralph Lane 1st Governor of Virginia 1478 - 1546 William Lane 68 68 Sources:

   1. Abbrev: [Plantagenet Descent]
      Title: "Plantagenet Descent" by David A. Blocher
      Author: David A. Blocher
      Publication: Personal Usage
      Text: "Plantagenet Descent" by David A. Blocher
      Note:
      Notification indicating people with descendancy from Geoffery Plantagenet (originator of the name, and father of King Henry II).
      Quality: 1  1480 Jane Mervin 1455 Hugh Mervin 1460 - 1502 William Lane 42 42 Sources:

   1. Abbrev: [Plantagenet Descent]
      Title: "Plantagenet Descent" by David A. Blocher
      Author: David A. Blocher
      Publication: Personal Usage
      Text: "Plantagenet Descent" by David A. Blocher
      Note:
      Notification indicating people with descendancy from Geoffery Plantagenet (originator of the name, and father of King Henry II).
      Quality: 1  1476 Elizabeth Strickland 1440 William Lane 1443 Anne Sutton 1400 - 1487 John Sutton 86 86 1421 Katherine Sutton 1425 Edmund Sutton 1427 John Sutton 1429 Margaret Sutton 1431 William Sutton 1434 Jane Sutton 1439 Eleanor Sutton 1437 Oliver Sutton 1379 - 1406 John Sutton 27 27 1380 - 1432 Constance Blount 52 52 1403 Thomas Sutton 1405 Humphrey Sutton 1360 - 1397 John Sutton 36 36 1363 - 1392 Alice le Despencer 29 29 1382 Elizabeth Sutton 1304 John Sutton 1340 - 1361 Katherine de Stafford 21 21 1329 - 1370 John Sutton 41 41 1308 - 1397 Charlton 89 89 1362 Margaret Sutton 1363 Robert Sutton 1365 Humphrey Sutton 1269 - 1353 John de Charlton 84 84 John de Charlton 1291 Hawise Gadarn verch Owain 1357 Phillip Despencer 1350 - 1403 Walter Blount 53 53 1360 - 1418 Sancha de Ayala 58 58 1375 Walter Blount 1378 Thomas Blount 1384 Peter Blount 1386 Anne Blount 1388 John Blount 1392 James Blount 1298 - 1357 John le Blount 59 59 [Jim Weber.ged]

Sir John Blount, of Sodington, Worcs, son of Sir Walter Blount, of The Rock, Worcs; married 1st Isolda, daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Mountjoy, son and heir of Sir Ralph Mountjoy, and by her had issue. Sir John married 2nd Eleanor, daughter of John Beauchamp, and by her was ancestor of the Blounts, Lords Mountjoy. Sir John died 1357, his second son [was Sir John, the 1st son Richard dsp after 1359].
[Burke's Peerage]

-------------------------

JOHN LE BLOUNT, 2nd son of Walter and Joan, was in 1324 a practised soldier belonging to Worcestershire. In 1337, being then a knight, he was found heir to his elder brother, William Blount [Lord Blount]. He was joint commissioner in Worcestershire in 1344, to inquire as to holders of land. He served in Gascony under Henry, Earl of Lancaster, and afterwards, 1347, under tile King at the siege of Calais, till Edward's return to England. In October 1350 he was undertaking a pilgrimage to Santiago. He married Isoude (i). He died in 1358.
[Complete Peerage IX:331, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]

(i) According to tradition, Isoude de Mountjoy. The mystery of her parentage has not been solved. The release by John le Blount in 1374 to his brother Walter of all his rights in the lands in Gayton, Yeldersley, Brushfield, etc., where were Mountjoy manors in the 13th and 14th centuries, suggests that a portion of the Mountjoy estates had descended by inheritance to John, then eldest surviving son of John le Blount and Isoude. It was a portion only, because (i) Gayton and Yeldersley, etc. descended, throught the marriage of Isoude (daughter and heir of Serle de Mountjoy, son and heir of Ralph de Mountjoy) to Robert de Ireland; the family of Ireland were still holding temp. Henry VII; (ii) the receipt given by Madam Wake in 1359 for evidences belonging to Richard Blount, the young heir of John and Isoude, refers to vint oyt feetes en un boist del heritage la mere le dit Richard et ses parceners des tenements en le Pek, etc. 1332 - 1391 Eleanor Beauchamp 59 59 1352 Thomas Blount 1306 - 1343 John de Beauchamp 36 36 Sources:

   1. Abbrev: [Plantagenet Descent]
      Title: "Plantagenet Descent" by David A. Blocher
      Author: David A. Blocher
      Publication: Personal Usage
      Text: "Plantagenet Descent" by David A. Blocher
      Note:
      Notification indicating people with descendancy from Geoffery Plantagenet (originator of the name, and father of King Henry II).
      Quality: 1  1308 - 1361 Margaret St. John 53 53 1274 - 1336 John de Beauchamp 62 62 1275 - 1327 Joan Chenduit 52 52 1249 - 1283 John de Beauchamp 34 34 1302 Joan Beauchamp 1304 Beatrice Beauchamp 1307 Eleanor Beauchamp 1325 Mary Beauchamp 1257 - 1320 Cecilia de Vivonne 63 63 1280 Joan Beauchamp 1280 Eleanor Beauchamp Beatrice Beauchamp 1260 William Chenduit 1283 - 1325 Isabell de Courtenay 42 42 1273 - 1329 John St. John 55 55 1309 William St. John 1310 Hugh de St. John 1334 - 1418 Diego Gomez de Toledo 84 84 1338 Inez Alfonsa de Ayala 1400 - 1478 Elizabeth de Berkeley 78 78 1442 Edmund Strickland 1438 Johanna Stretley 1411 - 1467 Walter Strickland 56 56 1415 Douce Croft 1369 - 1407 Thomas de Strickland 38 38 1380 Mabel Bethom 1325 - 1407 Walter de Strickland 82 82 1342 Margaret de Lathom 1305 Eleanor de Ferrers 1301 - 1370 Thomas de Lathom 69 69 1254 - 1324 Robert de Lathom 70 70 1272 - 1336 Katherine de Knowsley 64 64 1318 Isabel Latham 1296 Joan de Latham 1297 Alice Latham 1303 Hugh de Latham 1310 Philip de Latham 1198 - 1286 Robert de Latham 88 88 1200 Amicia de Alfreton 1226 Richard de Latham 1228 Henry de Latham 1230 Thomas de Latham 1172 - 1220 Richard FitzRobert de Latham 48 48 1176 Alice Nelson 1200 Richard de Latham 1135 Robert FitzHenry de Latham 1152 Emma de Grelle 1174 Robert de Alfreton 1145 William de Alfreton 1226 Thomas Knowesley 1200 Thomas Knowesley 1360 John de Betham 1365 Margaret Tunstall 1390 Nicholas Croft 1390 Elena Boteler 1364 - 1419 John Croft 55 55 1368 Muriel Bradshaw 1360 - 1415 John Boteler 55 55 1365 Agnes 1328 - 1405 John le Boteler 77 77 1366-80 MP

1388-98 Knight of the Shire

1380-1400 feudal Baron of Warrington

1369 fought in Gascony

1372 fought in Aquitaine

Title: Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 1131

Title: The Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 116-6

Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 170-30  1332 - 1399 Alice de Plumpton 67 67 1410 John Stretley 1527 Robert Lane 1520 Laetitia Lane 1480 - 1546 William Parr 66 66 1465 - 1555 Mary Salisbury 90 90 1490 Anne Parr 1400 William Salisbury 1496 - 1568 Edward Aston 72 72 1496 - 1562 Jane Bowles 66 66 1471 - 1523 John Aston 52 52 1475 - 1505 Joan Littleton 30 30 1501 Helen Aston 1506 Isabella Aston 1504 Elizabeth Aston 1502 Anne Aston 1498 William Aston 1444 - 1484 John Aston 40 40 1448 - 1490 Elizabeth Delves 42 42 1490 Thomas Aston 1486 Alice Aston 1472 - 1503 Isabel Aston 31 31 1470 Elizabeth Aston 1474 Catherine Aston 1476 Richard Aston 1484 Robert Aston 1415 - 1465 Robert Aston 50 50 1418 - 1436 Isabel Johanna Brereton 18 18 1455 Margaret Aston 1485 Petronella Aston 1370 - 1447 Roger Aston 77 77 1374 - 1418 Joyce Freville 44 44 1402 Joan Aston 1575 John Neale 1571 Grace Butler 1550 Thomas Neale 1554 Goditha Throckmorton 1510 Thomas Neale Emily Cheshire 1485 John Neale 1150 Amabilis FitzDuncan 1038 - 1097 Duncan Moray 59 59 1055 Octreda de Allerdale 1085 Maddad Madach 1025 Alan de Allerdale 1120 - 1187 Alice de Meschines 67 67 Bethoc MacFergus 1025 Gudrod Haraldsson 1046 - 1086 Marie Haraldsdottir 40 40 Harald Gudrodsson Harald Gudrodsson 1044 - 1120 Moddan of Caithness 76 76 1187 - 1250 Maldouen Lennox 63 63 Lennox, Previous Creations: A shadow figure called Alwyn, possibly of Celtic origin, possibly of Saxon origin, possibly of both, may have become Earl of Lennox in the mid-12th century. He is also referred to in near-contemporary sources as Mormaer of a territory called Leamhan, from which the Levenax or Lennox is derived. Alwyn's son and grandson, respectively another Alwyn and Maldouen (cognate with Maldwyn), seem to have succeeded to the Earldom, the latter in about 1224. In a list of the seven Earldoms of Scotland which is thought to have represented the old Mormaerships, by now evolved into medieval titles of honour, and which dates from 1237, that of Lennox features. Yet it was missing from a somewhat later list, that of 1244, only to be reinstated in yet a third list, that of 1297. At the time of the earliest of these three lists it was surrendered by Maldouen, the 3rd Earl, to Alexander II for regrant. This was a common Scottish practice. [Burke's Peerage, p. 2402]

1238 - Built Balloch Castle

EARLDOM OF LENNOX [SCT] (III)
MALDOUEN, EARL OF LENNOX [SCT], son and heir, who [1208-1214] granted a charter to the church of Glasgow. Early in 1226 he gave them an undertaking to pay tithes and not to demand corrodies for his servants, and (before 1233) gave them the church of Cardinros, saving the rights of his brother Duuegall. In 1237 he was a witness to the treaty made between England and Scotland. He surrendered the earldom and all his possessions to the King, who, retaining the castle of Dunbarton and the territory of Morach, regranted the same to him and his heirs (as Maldouen, son of Earl Alwyn) in 1238. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Walter STEWARD, High Steward [SCT], by Beatrice, daughter of Gilchrist, EARL OF ANGUS [SCT]. She died before him. He was living 12 March 1250/1.

Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 1985, 2402

Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: VII:589-90  1075 Agatha Ingrid Sweden 1075 Agatha Ingrid Sweden Martha of Carrick 1201 Errick Carrick 1105 - 1170 David de Oliphant 65 65 David Holifard who came back north with King David I from whom he received lands in Crailing & Smailholm, Roxburghshire. David Holifard saved the King's life at the Battle of Winchester in 1141, even though the King was fighting on the side of Maud (mother of Henry I) & Holifard was on the side of Stephen (King of England). David became a god-son of David I.

----------------------------------------

following information copied from Susan Cary, World Connect db=poliksa, rootsweb.com:

David the first of this ancient family on record, served in the army of King Stephen against the Empress Maud, anno 1141, and having, during the war, rescued from an ambuscade David I of Scotland, who had espoused the opposite cause, received from that monarch a grant of the lands of Crailing and Smallham, in Roxburghshire; and had the honor of being the earliest justiciary of Scotland of whom any record appears. He was succeeded by his eldest son, David.

Source: A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland Vol I, John Burke

----------------------------------------

following information copied from Clan Oliphant website, electricscotland.com:

The information below has been kindly made available by Richard Oliphant of Condie and Roderick Oliphant

ORIGIN OF THE NAME

The name Oliphant derived through variations of Holifard/Holifarth probably, from the Norwegian name Olaf. Following the crusades, the name changed to take on that given to the animal encountered in Palestine - an Oliphaunt. Mediaeval French termed the animal thus but that name evolved later into Elephant. However, W. Maitland Thomson quotes J.H. Round's Cal. Of Documents, France in stating that there is no record of the name in Normandy prior to 1066 and concludes it was first assumed on English soil. This is belied by evidence of the Oliphant progenitor in Scotland long before that.

PROGENITOR IN SCOTLAND

The Oliphants in Scotland descend from Donald Olifard, a Norwegian nobleman shipwecked on the East coast in the Ninth Century, at the time of Harold Haarfager (Fair-haired) of Norway's invasions of Scotland, some 300 years before David Olifard (vide The Baronage of Angus and the Mearns, p.269.) By late 10th Century, Roger Oliphant was Hereditary Sherriff of the Mearns. By 1004, Duncan Oliphant, the then Sherriff, married Helen Hassa, the last of that name, to become Thane of Glenbervie, which included Aberbuthnoth, in Kincardineshire. Their son Walter married Matilda Sinell, dau. of Thane of Angus and produced at least two sons, David who moved to Lilford in Northants and Osbert, who married Aegidia, dau. of the Hay of Arroll (sic). Osbert had a daughter who married James Melvil, an Hungarian Nobleman (vide The Baronage of Angus and the Mearns, p.73-4.) The Aberbuthnoth lands passed to Hugh de Swinton upon his marriage to their daughter Margaret, who took on the name Arbuthnot (vide that Clan.)

OLIPHANTS AND DAVID I, ROBERT AND DAVID II

Prior to the 12th Century, the Oliphants had built up an affiliation with the Scottish Royal family, who had the palace of Kincardine. As Jervais notes the Oliphant family was not present in Normandy prior to (or after) 1066. The other evidence would indicate that David I must have taken David Olifard's family to Northamptonshire with him as part of his retinue upon his marriage to the Countess of Northamptonshire. Both Douglas' Peerage of Scotland and Crawfurd's state David was David I's godson, which reflects why David Oliphant had been given the King's first name at birth. Facing David I's expulsion from his lands in Northamptonshire by defeat at the Battle of Winchester his allegiance was logically to the Scottish king and not to Norman England where he would have had difficulty surviving, (as is borne out by lack of later historic evidence of those Oliphants who are recorded as having stayed.) Back in Scotland, David Olifard was made Justiciary of the Lothians (lowlands) and had grants of Smailham and Crailing, in Roxbrughshire followed by the great lordship of Bothwell. The location of these early residences is not known, probably because fortifications then were built of wood. Two centuries on Walter, son of the Sir William Olifard who defended Stirling Castle against Edward I's armies, was granted the lands in Perthshire (and Angus) not only of Gask but also of Hatton, Kinpurney Newtyle, Balcraig etc., etc. upon marriage to the Princess Elizabeth (youngest daughter of Robert the Bruce by his second wife.) All the main Bruce Charters (Robert + David II) were entrusted by the 9th Lord Oliphant into the Gask charter chest and are set out in the books below (Regesta Regum Scottorum has transcripts in the Latin (nos. 27, 337 to 343 inclusive, 371, 422.) All these charters from the Gask Charter Chest are now with National Library for Scotland although more than one copy of each charter would have been prepared, some of which survive. When Robert died and was succeeded by David II in 1364, in the usual feudal style the lands were all ceded back to the Crown and then re-granted to Walter and his wife Elizabeth, the king's sister. (David II was full brother to Elizabeth, by Robert's second wife.)
1075 William Oliphant following information copied from Clan Oliphant website, electricscotland.com:

----------------------------------------

The information below has been kindly made available by Richard Oliphant of Condie and Roderick Oliphant

OLIPHANTS AND DAVID I, ROBERT AND DAVID II

Prior to the 12th Century, the Oliphants had built up an affiliation with the Scottish Royal family, who had the palace of Kincardine. As Jervais notes the Oliphant family was not present in Normandy prior to (or after) 1066. The other evidence would indicate that David I must have taken David Olifard's family to Northamptonshire with him as part of his retinue upon his marriage to the Countess of Northamptonshire. Both Douglas' Peerage of Scotland and Crawfurd's state David was David I's godson, which reflects why David Oliphant had been given the King's first name at birth....

 1040 Walter Oliphant 1004 Duncan Oliphant 1010 Helen Hassa 0974 Roger Oliphant 1045 Matilda Sinell de Angus 1245 Walter Stewart 1422 - 1471 John Delves 49 49 Sources:

   1. Title: Ancestry Family Trees
      Publication: Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com. Original data: Family Tree files submitted by Ancestry members.
      Note:
      This information comes from 1 or more individual Ancestry Family Tree files. This source citation points you to a current version of those files. Note: The owners of these tree files may have removed or changed information since this source citation was created.
      Page: Ancestry Family Trees
      Note:
      Text: http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=12140672&pid=-99456298  1417 - 1504 Elen DeEgerton 87 87 1330 Thomas Lathom 1383 - 1441 Alice le Boteler 58 58 1250 - 1297 Henry le Boteler 47 47 Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: II:230
Text: no date, but before his father William, who d. bef. 1280.  1255 Isabella le Boteler 1270 - 1330 William le Boteler 60 60 pg 147, "Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists etc" by Frederick Lewis Weiss, 6th Edition

pg 63, Burke's "Dormant etc Peerages"

BARONY of BOTELER or BOTILLER or BUTILLER (of Warrington) (I)

    William le Boteler, son and heir of Henry (who dvp) and grandson and heir of William le Boteler, of Warrington, co. Lancaster, (who was Sheriff of Lancaster 1258-59 and Governor of Lancaster Castle), succeeded his grandfather in 1280, and 14 June 1294 was summoned to attend the King in the French wars in Gascony, and was summoned to Parliament 23 June 1295, 26 Aug 1295, and 6 Feb 1298/9 by writs directed Willelmo le Butiller and Willelmo le Botiller de Werington, whereby he may be held to have become LORD LE BOTILLER. In 1305-06 he was in the expedition to Scotland. He d. abt 1328. His widow Sibyl and his son William were living in 1330.


[The accounts of his issue are extremely contradictory, but none of his descendants (who were settled at Warrington, Bewsey, and elsewhere, co. Lancaster) appear to have been summoned to Parliament.]

[Complete Peerage, II:230]
Text: called to military service in 1294 (of age). I don't think he was of age when he succeeded to his grandfather in 1280 - that would put his birth at "bef. 1259" 1265 Elizabeth de Havering 1255 Isabella le Boteler 1255 Nicholas de Havering Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 170-30  1305 - 1365 Christina de Mowbray 60 60 1294 - 1362 William de Plumpton 68 68     Sir William de Plumpton, of Plumpton, d. 1362; m. (1) c 1330, Alice, daughter of Sir Henry Byaufiz (mar. sett. 1322). Her property did not go to the Plumptons, but to a distant cousin, so Alice was not her daughter; m. (2) by 1338, Christianna Mowbray, widow of Richard de Emildon, d. 1333. [Ancestral Roots]

---

    Sir William de Plumpton, Knt., of Plumpton, keeper of Knaresborough Forest 1332, knighted 1340, Knight of the shire 1350, High Sheriff of Yorkshire 1351; m. (1) c 1330, Alice de Swillington; m. (2) c 1338, Christian Mowbray, d. 1365, widow of Richard de Emildon, alderman of New Castle. [Magna Charta Sureties]

Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 170-29
Text: The first (Alice Byaufiz) wife's property did not go to Alice de Plumpton, but to a distant cousin; therefore she was not her mother.

Title: Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 116-5  1268 - 1325 Robert de Plumpton 57 57 Title: Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 116-4  1270 - 1332 Lucy de Ros 62 62 1241 - 1298 Robert de Plumpton 57 57 Title: Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 116-4  1243 Isabella de Westwick 1217 Serlo de Westwick 1216 - 1271 Nigel de Plumpton 55 55 1217 Avicia de Clare 1187 - 1244 Robert de Plumpton 57 57 1190 Mowbray 1168 - 1205 Nigel de Plumpton 37 37 1170 - 1213 Juliana de Warwick 43 43 1133 Peter de Plumpton 1136 Helena 1107 Eldredus de Plumpton 1240 - 1310 William De Ros 70 70 1250 - 1310 Eustace FitzHugh 60 60 1274 Isabel de Ros 1280 - 1346 Richard Byron 66 66 Served in Parliament in 1322. Lord of Cadenay & Clayton  1330 Elizabeth Bernacke 1255 Hugh Bernacke 1260 Maud Woodthorpe 1232 - 1262 William Woodthorpe 30 30 A History of the villages of Aisthorpe and Thorpe in the
Fallows by CW Foster MA, Canon of Lincoln, pub. JW Ruddock and Sons 1927.

    Page 41 C6 William of Woodthorpe, the successor and probably the son of Thomas of Woodthorpe (C5) held half a knight's fee in Thoresthorpe,Woodthorpe, Withern, Strubby, Maltby [le Marsh] and Sloothby of Petronilla de Craon (Croun) who held of the king in chief (fn6 Book of Fees ii, 1059,1090) ... He was dead in 1262 for an inquisition post mortem of that year states that William de Herdredeshull died seised of one knight's fee in Saleby, whereof five-sixths were of the fee of the heirs of Petronilla de Vaux (nee Petronilla de Croun) and one sixth of the fees of the heirs of William de Wodetorp (fn5 Calendar of Inq I, no 526. Mister Dudding, History of Saleby p25, is right in making this William the last male of his line,see also Ibid p100). He left three daughters and coheirs:

# Note: 1. Alice ... who married Richard Marke....
# Note: 2. Maud.....married Sir Hugh Bernake.......
# Note: 3. Elizabeth C7 (see below)  1200 Thomas Woodthorpe A History of the villages of Aisthorpe and Thorpe in the
Fallows by CW Foster MA, Canon of Lincoln, pub. JW Ruddock and Sons 1927.

    C5 Sir Thomas of Woodthorpe knight. No document has been found in which he is specifically mentioned as the son of Alan; but the evidence of his parentage is sufficient. .. In 1212 Thomas held half a knight's fee in the wapentake of Calcewath, namely in Woodthorpe (Wdetorp) [and elsewhere] of Oliver de Vaux (de Vas) who held it of the king in chief of the honour of Craon (Crune) (fn6 Book of Fees I, 161)

Newsgroups: soc.genealogy.medieval
Date: 2002-04-21,S.B. Southerden  1175 Alan Woodthorpe A History of the villages of Aisthorpe and Thorpe in the
Fallows by CW Foster MA, Canon of Lincoln, pub. JW Ruddock and Sons 1927.

Page 40 C4 Alan of Woodthorpe, son of William son of Simon was living in the time of Henry II. He married Beatrice of Farforth. ......

Newsgroups: soc.genealogy.medieval
Date: 2002-04-21,S.B. Southerden  1175 Beatrice Farforth 1150 William Woodthorpe A History of the villages of Aisthorpe and Thorpe in the
Fallows by CW Foster MA, Canon of Lincoln, pub. JW Ruddock and Sons 1927.

    Page 39 William of Woodthorpe, also called William son of Simon, married a daughter of Alan of Craon, son of Guy of Craon, who was a tenant in chief in 1086. A charter of Henry II, in favour of Louth Park abbey, which has been preserved in a royal inspeximus dated 24 January 1313-14 confirms the gifts of lands which Alan de Creun (fn3 By an obvious mistake, the document has Ereun, which the Calendar has rendered Erenn, instead of Creun) and Muriel his wife, and Alan's son in law, William son of Simon, made to the monks,consisting of underwood (de terra bruscosa) in the fields of Wdetorp (fn4 Calendar of the Charter Rolls iii, 248). When Maurice of Craon (Crohom) in1166, made his return of the knight's fees which were held of him, William son of Simon was entered as the holder of half a knight's fee, and the tenement was declared to be a new feoffment, that is it had been created by Maurice or his father after the death of Henry I in 1135. William's marriage supplies a sufficient reason for the grant (fn5 Red Book of the Exchequer I, 385). Later documents show that the land lay in Thorestthorpe in the parish of Saleby, Strubby, Woodthorpe in the parish of Strubby, Wyham and Sloothby in the parish of Willoughby in the Marsh.

Newsgroups: soc.genealogy.medieval
Date: 2002-04-21,S.B. Southerden  1150 Craon 1125 Simon Woodthorpe 1230 - 1289 Simon de Driby 59 59 The contents of this catalogue are the copyright of Lincolnshire Archives
Rights in the Access to Archives database are the property of the Crown, © 2001-2006
Manuscripts Of The Earl Of Ancaster
Catalogue Ref. ANC
Creator(s):
Bertie family of Grimsthorpe Castle Lincolnshire, Barons Willoughby De Eresby, Earls of Lindsey and Dukes of Ancaster and Kesteven
Burrell family of Grimsthorpe Castle Lincolnshire, Barons Willoughby De Eresby, Barons Gwydir
Heathcote family of Grimsthorpe Castle Lincolnshire, Barons Willoughby De Eresby, Barons Aveland of Aveland and Earls of Ancaster
[Access Conditions]
Some files within this archive are restricted either by the depositor or on account of their physical condition. Please refer to individual files for further information.
First Deposit of the Manuscripts of the Earl of Ancaster
Title Deeds found Bundled - ref. 1ANC2
Medieval and Early Modern Deeds
Osgodby in Lenton
FILE - Cyrograph of an agreement - ref. 1ANC2/A/1/7 - date: May 19th 1280

    [from Scope and Content] Witnesses: Adam de S. Laundo, Simon Driby, Alexander of Threekingham, Hugh of Boothby, Robert Luterell kt. Richard of Moulton, Gilbert of Clifton, Thomas son of Nicholas of Easton, John de Ponte of Wigtoft, Roger Copledyk, Thomas of Keisby, clerk.
 1235 Alice FitzHugh 1195 - 1261 Hugh FitzRalph 66 66 Title: Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 116-3  1200 Agnes de Gresley 1154 Ralph de Levington 1170 Ralph de Gresley Title: Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 116-3
Text: Ralph de Greasley

Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 170-27

---

[2753682.ged]

Father of Agnes who m. Hugh Fitz Ralph. [Magna Charta Sureties, p. 129]

m. Isabel de Muschamp; father of Agnes de Greasley who m. Hugh Fitz Ralph de
Levington. [GRS 3.03, Automated Archives, CD#100] 1175 Isabel de Muschamps 1098 Thomas de Muschamp 1130 Hugh de Muschamp 1248 - 1298 Robert de Tateshal 49 49     ROBERT DE TATESHAL, son and heir, born 5 December 1248. He was summoned for service in Wales in 1277, 1282, 1283, 1287 and was campaigning there in 1294-95. On 28 June 1283 he was summoned to attend the Assembly to be held at Shrewsbury on 30 September. He was summoned to a military Council at Gloucester in 1287, and for service in Scotland, 1291, 1296, 1297 and 1298; and he was going to Gascony on the King's service in 1294. He was summoned to Parliament from 24 June 1295 to 26 January 1296/7, by writs directed Roberto de Tateshal, whereby he is said to have become LORD TATESHAL. In December 1296 he was invited to the wedding of the Count of Flanders and the King's daughter, Elizabeth. Siding with the King against the Barons in 1297, he was appointed to aid the sheriffs of Norfolk and Suffolk in arresting evildoers and to negotiate with the clergy, 1 March; was summoned for service in Flanders (where he was represented by his son), 15 May, to a Council in London, 9 September, and to be in London under arms, 16 September; and was appointed a Commissioner to enforce peace between the Cinque Ports and Yarmouth and to restore order in Yarmouth, 6 and 11 September 1297. He was going to Rome with Hugh de Vere on the King's business, March 1297/8; and fought (with his son and 7 lances) in the vanguard at the battle of Falkirk, 22 July 1298. He married, perhaps before 1268, Joan, 2nd daughter and coheir of Ralph FITZRANULF (or FITZRANDOLF), of Middleham, Yorks, by Anastasia, daughter of William DE PERCY. He died shortly before 8 September 1298, aged 49. His widow died shortly before 1 April 1310

Title: Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 132-4

Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: XII/1:650-651  1222 Cecilia de Lathom 1226 Robert de Lathom 1230 Alice 1120 - 1174 Albert de Gresley 54 54 1093 - 1128 Henry FitzSiward de Lathom 35 35 1094 - 1165 Alice Woodward 71 71 1074 - 1094 Helga de Kevelioc 20 20 1073 - 1095 Siward FitzDunning de Lathom 21 21 1031 - 1092 Dunning de Lathom 61 61 1032 - 1073 Marigard de Essex 41 41 1117 Robert de Alfreton 1090 Randolph de Alfreton 1066 Engelram de Alfreton 1177 - 1239 Gille Brigte Ogilvie 62 62 1180 Donnchadh Ogilvie 1168 Mary Ogilvie 1060 Gille Brigte mac Dubfagan 1030 Donnchadh mac Dubfagan 1000 Mael Coluim mac Dubfagan 0970 Dubfagan of Angus 0935 Cuncar of Angus Cuncar of Angus
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Cuncar of Angus was Mormaer of Angus somewhere in the mid or later tenth century, which makes it quite possible that he was the successor of Dubacan. One divergent source calls him thanus (i.e. toísech), but otherwise he is comes (i.e. Mormaer). The tradition called by Anderson the Chronicle of the Kings of Scotland records in several manuscripts that Cuncar's daughter Finnguala was responsible for the death of king Cináed II, because the aforementioned King of Scots had put her son to death. Otherwise, Cuncar is obscure. Even the name "Cuncar" is obscure, and may not be authentic, respresenting either the Gaelic name Conchobar or the Brythonic name Cincar. John of Fordun calls him Cruchne, which is clearly equivalent to Cruithne, as in Fordun's period, owing to French influence, cs often replace ts. Cruithne was the Gaelic word for a Pict, but why Fordun gives Cuncar this name is even more obscure than Cuncar himself 0965 Finnguala 0900 - 0937 Dubacan of Angus 37 37     Dubacan of Angus
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

    Dubacan of Angus is usually regarded as one of the earliest attested Mormaers. He is mentioned as Dubucan filius Indrechtaig mormair Oengusa (i.e. "Dubucan son of Indrechtach, Mormaer of Angus") in the Chronicle of the Kings of Alba, and it is told that he died along with his lord, Amlaib, son of Caustantín II at the Battle of Brunanburh (c. 937).

    If Mormair is genitive of Mormaer, then language actually suggests it was Indrechtach being called Mormaer. However it is clear from the context that the text is corrupt, and that Dubacan was indeed meant as Mormaer. There is another Dubacan, called Dufagan comes in a spurious foundation charter for Scone Abbey. The latter has no province name, but he is often called Mormaer or Earl of Angus because he shares the same name as Dubacan son of Indrechtach.

    Dubacan is considered a probable ancestor of Gilla Brigte of Angus. It is possible that Dubacan was succeeded by a man called Cuncar, although we have no information about their exact relationship.
 0865 - 0921 Indrechtach O'Neill 56 56 0842 Maelmare Mac Alpin 0830 - 0879 Adoh Findliath Ui Neill 49 49 Áed mac Neíll (died 879), called Áed Findliath (Áed the Fair Warrior) to distinguish him from his paternal grandfather Áed Oirdnide, was king of Ailech and High King of Ireland. A member of the northern Uí Néill kindred of the Cenél nEógain, Áed was the son of Niall Caille.

From the death of Áed Allán in 743 until the overthrow of Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill by Brian Boru in 1002, the succession to the High Kingship of Ireland century alternated between northern and southern branches of the Uí Néill with the north represented by members of the Cenél nÉogain, Áed's paternal kindred, and the south by the Clann Cholmáin, his mother's kin.[1] Francis John Byrne describes this as "a fragile convention, marked by watchful jealousy rather than friendly accord."[2]

During the reign of Máel Sechnaill mac Maíl Ruanaid, who succeeded Áed's father as High King, the balance of power between north and south which had ensured the alternating succession appeared to be tipping in favour of the southern Clann Cholmáin kindred. The weakness of the Kings of Munster following the death of the powerful Feidlimid mac Crimthainn in 847 led to repeated attacks on Munster by Máel Sechnaill in the 850s and a submission by the kings of Munster in 858. In 859, Osraige was made subject to the Uí Néill, and this led to open warfare between Máel Sechnaill and Áed.[3]

Áed was the son of Niall Caille and Gormlaith. His mother is called "Gormlaith of the dazzling white complexion" by the Banshenchas. His maternal grandfather was Donnchad Midi, his paternal grandfather Áed Oirdnide. His father, his mother's brother, Conchobar mac Donnchada, and both of his grandfathers had been counted as High Kings of Ireland.

The names of three of Áed's wives are recorded, although the order of his marriages is perhaps uncertain. His first wife may have been Gormlaith Rapach, "the harsh", daughter of Muiredach mac Echdach, king of Ulster. The Banshenchas say that Domnall mac Áeda was her son, and Eithne, who married Flann Sinna, may have been her daughter. Áed's second wife, Land, sister of Cerball mac Dúnlainge, king of Osraige, was the widow of his predecessor as High King, Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid, a grandson of Donnchad Midi. His third known wife was Máel Muire, probably the daughter of Cináed mac Ailpín, the king of the Picts in Britain. She was the mother of Niall Glúndub. On Áed's death she married his successor Flann Sinna. Other children of Áed included Domnall Dabaill (ancestor of Domnall Ua Lochlainn); a son named Máel Dub, reputed a saint; and Máel Dúin, who ruled Ailech as Áed's deputy until his early death in 867.[4]

Following the death of Neill Caille in 845, Áed's uncle Máel Dúin mac Áeda assumed the kingship of Ailech. When Áed succeeded him is not recorded, but it might have been in 855. Áed is mentioned for the first time in the annals this year, as the Annals of Ulster records that he

    made a foray against the Ulaid, and he left behind dead Coinnecán son of Colmán and Flaithbertach son of Niall, and a large number besides[5]

Presumably Flaithbertach was his own brother, and this foray was made to secure Áed's position as king of Ailech.

Áed came into power at a critical period in the history of Ireland. Raids by Norse Vikings had taken place for half a century, and the Norse settlements now seemed to have become permanent establishments more than just bases for raids. They also now had an effective leadership under Amlaíb Conung and Ímar. At this time, both the contemporary annalists as well as modern historians refer to them not just as Vikings, foreigners or pagans, but also Norse-Irish or Norse-Gaels.

Áed Findliath has been described as one of the Irish high-kings who most effectively fought the Norse expansion in Ireland. He did indeed win some crucial battles against the Norse-gaels; the first recorded victory is in 856, at the battle of Glenn Foichle,[6] six years prior to him becoming high-king. The reigning High-King at the time, Mael Sechnaill, seemed more concerned with the internal Irish power struggle, particularly in Munster, than with engaging the Norse. There is however one reference in 856 to him fighting against "pagans" (Vikings) with the support of the Norse-Gaels[7]. This could probably be interpreted as an alliance between the Norse settlers and the established Irish society against marauders.

In 858, Máel Sechnaill finally managed to establish control over Munster, and in 859 he also made a peace settlement with Cerball mac Dúnlainge king of Osraige (forced upon him by Cerball, who had allied himself with Amlaíb and Ímar and ravaged Míde). Máel Sechnaill now turned his attention to the north, where the growing power of Áed Findliath had become a threat against him as head of Uí Néill. In 860 he brought an army consisting of forces from all of the southern part of Ireland to Armagh. While they were camped there, Áed Findliath attacked. The outcome of the battle seem to have been some sort of draw.[8]

By now it was Áed Findliath who sought an alliance with the Norse Dublin. In 861 as well as 862 he plundered Míde in cooperation with Norse forces, in 862 he also had the support of Flann mac Conaing, king of Brega.[9]

Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid died 20 November 862, and he was on that occasion described in the Annals of Ulster as ri h-Erenn uile, king of all Ireland. That was a title that would never be used about Áed Findliath, even though he assumed the kingship of Tara following Máel Sechnaill's death, and has also been counted in the lists of High Kings of Ireland. His kingship was disputed throughout his 17 year long reign, and he did not even have support from the southern clans of Uí Néill. The annals show that the Taillten Fair on was not held in six of those 17 years, which is a strong indication of strife and unrest.

The Norse Dublin had, by the beginning of Áed's reign, become an important, if not very trustworthy, ally in the struggle for power in Míde. Máel Sechnaill's successor as head of Clann Cholmain and king of Míde, Lorcán mac Cathail, allied himself with Amlaib, Ímar and Auisle against Flann of Brega. Flann was a former ally of Dublin, and still Áed's most important ally in the central part of Ireland. Lorcán and his Norse allies plundered Brega in 863, and in 864 Conchobar mac Donnchada, king of Lagore (southern Brega) and presumably an ally of Flann against Lorcán, was captured and drowned near Clonard on Amlaibhs order. Áed led an host to Míde, captured Lorcán and blinded him.

Áed now had some notable victories against the Norse, but the main reason for his success was probably neither that he was a military genius or a particularly gifted politician. He defeated the Vikings at Lough Foyle in 866 and uprooted their settlements.[4] In 866 Amlaíb and Auslie left Ireland with the larger part of the Norse forces, and in cooperation with the Norse-gaels from present day Scotland they attacked the picts[10]. Áed seized this opportunity, plundering and burning all the Norse bases (longphorts) in the northern part of Ireland [11].

In 868 Áed again was confronted by a coalition of his Irish rivals and the Norse-Gaels. According to the Annals of Ulster he defeated "the Uí Neíll of Brega, and the Laigin, and a large force of the foreigners" in a battle at a place called Cell Ua nDaigri. Flann of Brega was killed in this battle. This battle has later been presented as a decisive victory over the Norse. Amlaibh and Ímar was, however, very active in Ireland during the following years and did not in any way seem to be seriously weakened, neither in ambition nor in strength. It is probably more accurately to regard this battle as a victory over the southern Uí Neíll and Leinster. In 870 Áed followed up his victory from 868 by invading Leinster with the support of his new ally Cerball of Osraige. He again invaded Leinster in 874.[12]

Áed Findliath died on 20 November 879, at Druim Inasclainn in the territory of Conaille. On that occasion he was described as "king of Tara" (rex Temorie), even if he in a poem referred by the annalist also is called "over-king of the Irish" (airdri Gaidhel) [13] He was buried at Armagh.

Notes

   1. ^ Byrne, p. 265, appendix 1, list 1 & appendix 2, tables 2, 3 & 5. The single exception to this system was the reign of Congalach Cnogba.
   2. ^ Byrne, p. 265.
   3. ^ Byrne, pp. 263–266; Charles-Edwards.
   4. ^ a b Lalor, Brian (ed) (2003). The Encyclopaedia of Ireland. Dublin, Ireland: Gill & Macmillan. p. 9. ISBN 0-7171-3000-2.
   5. ^ Annals of Ulster 855.3
   6. ^ AU 856.5 Gall-Gaeidhelu here translated Norse-gael. Gall literally denotes stranger or foreigner, but is used in the annalistic records of this period only in the meaning of Norse foreigners. Viking raiders are generally referred to as pagans or heathens
   7. ^ AU 856.2 Against Gennti supported by Gall-Ghoidhelaib
   8. ^ AU 858.4, 859.2-3 og 860.1
   9. ^ AU 861.1 862.2 Neither Amlaíb nor Ímar is mentioned on these occasions, but the annalistic entry of 862 reads "the Norse kings": riga Gall.
  10. ^ AU 866.1 Gallaib Erenn & Alban
  11. ^ AU 866.4 the Norse bases are referred as Longportu Gall
  12. ^ AU 868.4, 870.2, 874.3
  13. ^ AU 879.1

[edit] References

    * "The Annals of Ulster, volume 1". CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts. http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100001A/index.html. Retrieved 2007-02-10.
    * "Fragmentary Annals of Ireland". CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts. http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100017/index.html. Retrieved 2007-02-10.
    * Byrne, Francis John, Irish Kings and High-Kings. Batsford, London, 1973. ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Hudson, Benjamin T. (2004). "Áed mac Néill (d. 879)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,. Oxford University Press. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50072. Retrieved 2007-02-15.
    * Ó Corrain, Donnchad. "The Vikings in Scotland and Ireland in the Ninth Century". Peritia, vol 12. CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts. http://www.ucc.ie/celt/Vikings%20in%20Scotland%20and%20Ireland.pdf. Retrieved 2007-02-10.
    * Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Early Medieval Ireland: 400–1200. Longman, London, 1995. ISBN 0-582-01565-0

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aed_Finliath
 0860 - 0919 Niall Glundub O'Neill 59 59 Niall Glúndub mac Áedo (d. October 919) was a 10th century Irish king of the Cenél nEógain and High King of Ireland. While many Irish kin groups were members of the Uí Néill, tracing their descent from Niall of the Nine Hostages (Niall Noígallach), the O'Neill take their name from Niall Glúndub rather than the earlier Niall. His mother was Máel Muire, daughter of Kenneth MacAlpin, King of Scots.

Son of Aed Finliath, Niall is first recorded succeeding his brother Domnall mac Áeda as King of Aileach upon his death in 911. Extending his control to neighboring kingdoms, Niall defeated the Kings of Dál nAraidi and Ulaid at the Battles of Glarryford (in present day County Antrim) and Ballymena before his defeat by high-king Flann Sinna mac Maíl Sechnaill of the Clann Cholmáin Uí Néill at the Battle of Crossakeel (near present day County Meath). Following Flann's death in 916, Niall succeeded him as High King of Ireland. It was during his reign in which he would reestablish the Óenach Tailteann, a traditional gathering of Irish clans.

Opposing the invasion by the Northmen during the next several years, Niall's forces fought a large battle against a group of Northmen in the summer of 917, ending inconclusively. With the support of the clans of Leth Cuinn (Northern half of Ireland), the Uí Néill eventually acknowledged his claim to the throne. Despite his continued offensive against the Northmen however, they would continue to settle the area in large numbers, establishing strongholds in Dublin and various ports on the eastern coast. Continuing to wage war against the Northmen, Niall advanced towards into Leinster, supported by the Uí Néill clans, the Airgíalla and the Ulaid. However, his forces were decimated by the Northmen under Sitric the Blind as Niall was killed, along with twelve other chieftains, at the Battle of Kilmashoge (near Rothfarham) in October. He was succeeded as High King by Donnchad Donn mac Flainn, son of Flann Sinna, and as King of Ailech by his son Muirchertach mac Néill, "the Hector of the Western World".

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niall_Gl%C3%BAndub

---

Also Known As:<_AKA> Neil Black-knee /Glundubh/
Called Neil of the Black Knee; killed fighting the Vikings in the Battle of Dublin. The O'Neills were the chiefs of the Cenel Eoghain tribe; their ancestral lands were sometimes called Tir Eoghain, roughly equivalent to the modern County Tyrone. The surname is derived from Ui Niall, meaning descendant of Niall. The Ui Niall were the great royal dynasty of Northern Ireland; they separated from their kinsmen, the Connachta, after the famous accomplishments of the legendary King Niall of the Nine Hostages. The surname, however, did not exist until after Niall Glundubh. Niall captured and drowned a murderer in 907 who had violated the sanctuary of Armagh. He campaigned repeatedly against the Danes and Vikings, but was mortally wounded in combat in Dublin

Owner of Drinking cup at Dunvegan 0791 - 0845 Nial of Ireland 54 54 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Niall mac Áeda (died 846), called Niall Caille (Niall of the Callan) to distinguish him from his grandson Niall mac Áeda (died 917), was High King of Ireland.

Niall belonged to Cenél nEógain, a northern branch of the Uí Néill, a kin group whose rulers dominated large parts of Ireland. He was the son of Áed mac Néill (died 819), called Áed Oirdnide, who had himself been High King. According to the 12th century Banshenchas (Lore of Women), his mother was Medb, daughter of Indrechtach mac Muiredaig of the Uí Briúin of Connacht.[2]

The High Kingship of Ireland was in practice shared between Cenél nEógain of the north and the southern Clann Cholmáin branch of the Uí Néill, so that when Niall's father died, he was not succeeded by his son, or by a cousin, but by Conchobar mac Donnchada of Clann Cholmáin, whose father Donnchad Midi had been High King before Áed. Nor did Niall immediately succeed to the leadership of Cenél nEógain on his father's death. His second cousin Murchad mac Máele Dúin was chosen to be King of Ailech and chief of Cenél nEógain. It was not until 823, when the Annals of Ulster record that Murchad was deposed, that Niall became king of Ailech.[3]

In 827 a conflict within the important church at Armagh led to war. The late Annals of the Four Masters provide a long account of the events. According to this, Cummascach mac Cathail of the Uí Cremthainn, king of the Airgíalla, expelled Niall's confessor Éogan Mainistrech from Armagh, installing his own half-brother, Artrí mac Conchobair, who may have been the son of High King Conchobar mac Donnchada, as abbot of Armagh. The Annals of Ulster describe Artrí as bishop of Armagh in 825 when he imposed the Law of Patrick on Connacht together with Feidlimid mac Crimthainn, the King of Munster, suggesting that he was both acting abbot and as such the spiritual heir of Saint Patrick.[4]

Whatever the exact cause of the conflict, Niall raised an army among the Cenél nEógain and Cenél Conaill and marched on Armagh. He was faced by Cummascach and the Airgíalla, who had been joined by Muiredach mac Eochada, the king of Ulster, and his army. According to the Annals of the Four Masters, the battle at Leth Cam, near modern Kilmore, County Armagh, lasted three days. It was a decisive victory for Niall and northern Uí Néill. Cummascach and his brother Congalach were killed, the Annals of Ulster adding that "many other kings of the Airgialla" also died there. The defeat broke the power of the Airgíalla who were thereafter subject to the northern Uí Néill kings. Artrí was deposed from the abbacy of Armagh and Niall may have installed Éogan Mainistrech there as he is called abbot of Armagh by the Annals of the Ulster in the notice of his death in 834.[5]

After the death of Conchobar mac Donnchada in 833, Niall became High King. His reign began auspiciously with a victory over Vikings who had raided Derry. This was followed in 835 by an expedition to Leinster. The Annals of Ulster say "Niall led an army to Laigin and he set up a king over the Laigin". His chosen candidate as king of Leinster was Bran mac Fáeláin of the Uí Dúnlainge. The same year he raided the southern Uí Néill and ravaged the country as far south as modern County Offaly.[6]

The following year, 836, Niall came into conflict with the King of Munster, Feidlimid mac Crimthainn. Feidlimid, who was a churchman as well as a king, abbot of Clonfert and supporter of the austere Céli Dé reformers, attacked Kildare and captured Forindán, the abbot of Armagh. Although this may have been a challenge to Niall, Benjamin Hudson notes that Forindán had replaced Diarmait ua Tigernáin the year before, and that it is not known which of the two rivals Niall supported. In 838 Niall and Feidlimid held a rígdal, a royal conference, either at Cloncurry or at Clonfert. Southern sources such as the Annals of Innisfallen say that Niall acknowledged Feidlimid as High King while northern sources such as the Annals of Ulster simply report the meeting without any further details.[7]

Whatever agreements were made at the rígdal, they did not end the conflict between Feidlimid and Niall. In 840 Feidlimid led an army to the Hill of Tara, where High Kings were inaugurated, and camped there, while Niall again raided into Offaly to undermine support for Feidlimid there. The two did not meet in battle until 841, at Mag nÓchtair, near Cloncurry, where Niall was the victor. A poem in the Annals of Ulster reads: "The crozier of devout Feidlimid/ Was abandoned in the blackthorns;/ Niall, mighty in combat, took it/ By right of victory in battle with swords." Although Feidlimid ruled for five more years, finally dying in 847, perhaps of disease, he never again campaigned in the north.[8]

While Niall was active in opposing Viking raids in his own lands in the north, he appears not to have campaigned against Viking forces elsewhere. During his reign, the focus of Viking activity moved to the east coast and midlands of Ireland, with permanent settlements established at Lough Neagh and near Dublin. Niall defeated Vikings at Mag nÍtha, in modern County Donegal, in 845. The following year he drowned in the Callan River close to Armagh, from which event his epithet derives. He was buried at Armagh. Niall was followed as High King by Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid of Clann Cholmáin.[9]

Niall was married to Gormflaith, a sister of Conchobar mac Donnchada. She died in 861 and the notice of her death in the Annals of Ulster calls her "a most charming queen of the Irish". Niall's children included Áed Findliath, known as such to distinguish him from his grandfather, who was later High King and is recorded as Gormflaith's son, as well as a daughter whose name is not recorded who married Conaing mac Flainn of the Síl nÁedo Sláine, and several other sons.[10]

Notes

   1. ^ After Duffy, Atlas of Irish History, pp. 18–19.
   2. ^ Hudson, "Niall mac Áeda".
   3. ^ Hudson, "Niall mac Áeda"; Byrne, Irish Kings and High Kings, pp. 221, 276 & 284; Charles-Edwards, <wanting>; Moody, Martin & Byrne (eds), New History of Ireland, Volume IX, p. 194; AU.
   4. ^ Hudson, Charles-Edwards, Byrne, AU
   5. ^ Hudson, Charles-Edwards, Byrne, AU. Woolf, View?
   6. ^ Moody, Martin & Byrne (eds), New History of Ireland, Volume IX, etc.
   7. ^ Byrne, Charles-Edwards, ODNB Feidlimid, Hudson.
   8. ^ tbd.
   9. ^ tbd.
  10. ^ Hudson.

References

    * AU
    * Byrne, Francis John (1973), Irish Kings and High-Kings, London: Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Hudson, Benjamin T. (2004), "Niall mac Áeda (Niall Caille) (d. 846)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/20076, retrieved 2007-10-27
    * Moody, Martin & Byrne (eds)
    * Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (1997), "Ireland, Wales, Man and the Hebrides", in Sawyer, Peter, The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 83–109, ISBN 0-19-285434-8
    * ODNB, Feidlimid

 0790 - 0859 Gormlaith of Meath 69 69 0840 Joan Ui Neill 0751 - 0818 Aodh of Ireland 67 67 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Áed mac Néill (died 819) (Irish pronunciation: [ˈaið mak niːˈəl]), commonly called Áed Oirdnide, was King of Ailech. A member of the Cenél nEógain dynasty of the northern Uí Néill, he was the son of Niall Frossach. Like his father, Áed was reckoned High King of Ireland.[1] He was King of Ailech from 788 onwards and High King of Ireland from 797.

A large body of contemporary and near-contemporary material on early medieval Ireland has survived. From the titles of works mentioned in these sources, it is clear that a great deal of additional material has now been lost. The surviving materials usually exist in the form of much later copies, and it is only from comparison of the various texts that the original documents can be reconstructed.[2]

Extant Irish annals are ultimately derived from the now-lost Chronicle of Ireland which was probably being compiled in the midlands of Ireland by around 800. All include material derived from other sources, or added at a later date. The Annals of Ulster and the Annals of Innisfallen cover the years around 800. The Annals of Clonmacnoise survive only in an eccentric 17th century English translation, and the Annals of Tigernach for this period are lost with Dubhaltach Mac Fhirbhisigh's abbreviated copy known as the Chronicon Scotorum supplying only part of the missing material. The Annals of the Four Masters are late, and include some material of doubtful origin. While the annals provide a considerable amount of information, they are generally terse, and most focus their attention on the doings of the Uí Néill and of churchmen.[3]

In addition to the annals, a large number of genealogies survive along with geographical and legal texts, poetry, sagas and hagiography.

Learned works from the 8th century onwards divided Ireland into two halves namely Leth Cuinn north of the Esker Riada and Leth Moga south of it. More lastingly, most sources recognised the provinces of Ireland, called cóiced or fifths. Four of the provinces survive today, Ulster, Leinster, Munster and Connacht. The missing fifth province may have been Mide in the midlands of Ireland. While early medieval Munster and Connacht resembled their modern equivalents in extent, the province of Ulster, or Ulaid, by around 800 consisted of not much more that modern County Antrim and County Down, while Leinster, or Laigin, consisted of modern County Carlow, County, County Wexford and County Wicklow and parts of the surrounds. The remainder, which is to say most of Ulster and the north of Leinster, formed the kingdoms of the Uí Néill, their subjects and clients.[4]

It is estimated that there were 150 tuaths (singular tuath, the word is often translated as tribe) in Ireland in early medieval times. The average tuath was small, perhaps 500 square kilometres in area with a population of some three to four thousand. In principle, each tuath had its own king and court and bishop, but real power rested with the provincial over-kings and their like.[5]

Niall Frossach, Áed's father, was a king more noted for his religious devotion than for his warlike exploits, this in complete contrast with his older brother Áed Allán. Niall is reckoned to have become King of Tara or High King of Ireland some time after the death of Domnall Midi of the southern Uí Néill dynasty of Clann Cholmáin in 763. Little is recorded of his reign and he either abdicated or was deposed as overking of the Uí Néill and as king of Ailech, perhaps in 771, certainly to the benefit of Donnchad Midi, his predecessor's son. Niall died in 778 on Iona, where he may have been in exile.[6] The Banshenchas ("Lore of Women") records Áed's mother's name. She was Dúnflaith, daughter of Flaithbertach mac Loingsig of the Cenél Conaill branch of the Uí Néill. The Annals of Ulster place her death in 799. Niall Frossach had several other sons.[7]

Niall was not succeeded as king of Ailech and leader of Cenél nEógain by one of his several sons but by a nephew, Máel Dúin, son of Áed Allán. However, unlike Niall, Máel Dúin appears not to have been the chief ruler among the northern Uí Néill. Instead, Donnchad Midi appears to have supported the rival Cenél Conaill in the person of Domnall, grandson of Flaithbertach mac Loingsig, who is styled rí ind Fochlai—king of the North, that is of the northern Uí Néill and their clients—even at his death in 804.[8]

The conflict between Cenél nEógain and Cenél Conaill for the leading role in the north appears to have turned on control over the lands of the minor Cenél nEndai branch of the Uí Néill which lay around Raphoe. Communications between the northern and southern branches of Cenél Conaill, respectively based on the north-west coast of Donergal and in the south around Donegal town, ran through these. While Cenél nEndai were clients or allies of Cenél Conaill, as they had been before Áed Allán defeated Flaithbertach mac Loingsig in the 730s, Cenél Conaill had the upper hand, and provided kings of Tara and kings of the North. By the death of Niall Frossach, if not earlier, Cenél nEndai were again under the sway of Cenél Conaill.[9]

The region was still disputed in 787 when Máel Dúin defeated Domnall and appears to have gained some recognition as king of the North as he is so styled at his death the following year. Áed succeeded Máel Dúin as king of Ailech, but was challenged by Domnall whom he defeated at the battle of Clóitech (modern Clady, County Tyrone) in 789. This appears to have been the final attempt by kings of Cenél Conaill to regain control of the lands around Raphoe which [10]

The annals record a battle in 791 at Tailtiu, site of a major Uí Néill oenach, the oenach Tailten. The summoning of this gathering was one of the prerogatives of the High King at which he would demonstrate his power and standing. Whether Áed brought an army south to disturb the oenach, or whether the conflict was provoked by Donnchad, is unknown. The outcome was that Áed fled from Tailtiu and was pursued perhaps as far as Slane. Several of Áed's allies are said to have been killed including the kings of two branches of Uí Chremthainn, an Airgíalla dynasty whose lands lay around Clogher and Clones.[11]

It is on this occasion that the Chronicle of Ireland calls Áed Áed Ingor, Áed the Unfilial or Áed the Undutiful, the only byname used in early sources. It is generally supposed that this refers to his conflict with his father-in-law Donnchad Midi, although the term mac ingor, a term from early Irish law, usually refers to the undutiful son who does not support his biological father. Whatever the origin of the name may have been, it is plainly not flattering.[12]

In 794 Áed is recorded as campaigning against the Mugdorna Maigen at a time when Donnchad was involved in war with Munster. The lands of Mugdorna Maigen lay around the upper reaches of the river Fane, with the chief church at Donaghmoyne, County Monaghan. Although reckoned one of the nine tribes of the Airgíalla, the Mugdorna were clients of the southern Síl nÁedo Sláine branch of the Uí Néill rather than of Áed's Cenél nEógain dynasty like most of the Airgíalla.[13]

Although Donnchad's authority waned in the last decade of his life, he remained the dominant figure until his death on 6 February 797. Following Donnchad's death, Áed moved to ensure that he would be recognised as king of Tara. He defeated two of Donnchad's brothers, Diarmait and Fínsnechta, along another Fínsnechta, a son of Fallomon mac Con Congalt of Clann Cholmáin Bicc, at Druim Ríg (modern Drumree) in south Brega. A poem in the Annals of Ulster portrays this as vengeance for the death of Áed's uncle Áed Allán at the hands of Donnchad's father Domnall Midi at the battle of Seredmag in 743. Some time later in 797 Áed devastated Mide and the Annals of Ulster take this to mark the beginning of his reign.[14]

In 802 Muiredach, king of Mide, died. He was the last of Donnchad Midi's known brothers. Áed led an army south to Mide where he divided the lands of Clann Cholmáin between two of Donnchad's sons, Ailill and Conchobar. If this was intended to reduce the power of potential rivals, it proved ineffective. Ailill and Conchobar met in battle in 803 at Rath Conaill (near modern Mullingar). Ailill was killed leaving Conchobar as sole king of Mide.[15]

In 804 Áed turned his attention towards Leinster and devastated the area twice in one month.[16] That same year Fínsnechta Cethardec (died 808), King of Leinster, submitted to him.[17] However Áed was not satisfied with this and in 805 he made a hosting to Dún Cuair and installed Muiredach mac Ruadrach (died 829) and Muiredach mac Brain (died 818) as joint kings of Leinster.[18] Finsnechta took refuge with Muirgius mac Tommaltaig (died 815), the King of Connacht, who then aided him in recovering his throne in 806.[19]

In 808 Conchobar of Meath made a bid for the high kingship and was joined by King Muirgius of Connacht. They advanced as far as the assembly grounds of Tailtiu but on the appearance of Aed's army the allies dispersed. Áed pursued them and burned the borders of Mide[20] In 808 or 809 Áed again attacked Leinster but was defeated on the banks of the Liffey.[21]

In 809 Áed campaigned against Ulaid and defeated them ravaging from the Bann to Strangford Lough. The motive for this conflict was apparently the killing of Dúnchú, superior of the monastery of Tulach Léis (now Tullylisk near Banbridge, County Down), by the Ulaid.[22] In 815 one of Áed's brothers, Colmán mac Néill, was killed by the Cenél Conaill. and Áed led an expedition against them in revenge.[23]

In 818 Áed again assembled his forces at Dún Cuair and attacked Leinster, dividing Leinster between his two candidates who were unable to retain their position.[24] That same year the vice abbot of Cell Mór Enir (modern Kilmore, County Armagh) was killed by the Laigin.[25] As a result Áed led another expedition versus Leinster and laid waste the land of Cualu as far as Glenn dá Locha (Glendalough).[26]

In 819 Áed died near Áth dá Ferta in the territory of Conaille Muirtheimne in modern County Louth.[27]

In 804 a meeting of the synods of the Uí Néill in Dún Cuair was presided over by Condmach mac Duib dá Leithe (died 807), abbot of Ard Macha Armagh, at which the clergy were freed from military obligations by Áed.[28] It is possible that this was the assembly at which Áed was ordained as king.[29] In 806 Áed had the law of Saint Patrick promulgated.[30]

In 811 the fair of Tailtiu was prevented from being held by Áed due to a boycott by the clergy who were protesting an offense made against the community of Tallaght during Áed's campaign against Leinster in 809. Áed made amends to the community.[31] The campaigns of Áed versus Ulaid in 809 and Leinster in 819 were part of Áed's desire to pose as champion of the church.

Áed had some difficulty with the Columban church as well when Mael Dúin son of Cenn Faelad, superior of Ráith Both (Raphoe) was killed in 817. Thew Columban church went to Tara to excommunicate Áed that year.[32] This event probably had something to do with his campaign versus the Cenél Conaill in 815.[33] Also in 818 Cuanu, abbot of Lugmad Louth), went into exile into the lands of Munster with the shrine of Saint Mochtae fleeing before Áed.[34]

Áed had married Euginis ingen Donnchada (died 802), daughter of Donnchad Midi.[35] His son Niall Caille (died 846) was later king of Ailech and High king of Ireland. Another son Máel Dúin mac Áeda was also a King of Ailech.[36]

Notes

   1. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 284, table 5; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 606, appendix V; Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings, p. 152.
   2. ^ Hughes, Early Christian Ireland, is a general survey of the subject.
   3. ^ Hughes, Early Christian Ireland, chapter 4, especially pp. 135–137; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. xix; Ó Cróinín, "Ireland 400–400", passim.
   4. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings, pp. 45–47 & 202; Ó Cróinín, "Ireland, 400–800", pp. 185–188.
   5. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings, pp.46–47; Kelly, Early Irish Law, pp. 1–16; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 102–106.
   6. ^ Byrne, "Irish Kings", pp. 156–157; Irwin, "Niall Frossach"; Annals of Ulster, AU 771.10 & 778.7. Doherty, "Donnchad mac Domnaill", assumes Donnchad Midi succeeded Niall in 778.
   7. ^ Irwin, "Niall Frossach"; Annals of Ulster, AU 799.11.
   8. ^ Byrne, "Church and politics", p. 658; Byrne, "Irish Kings", p. 94; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 605, table IV & p. 606, table V.
   9. ^ Charles-Edwards in Mil Hist Ire about 29; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 572–573; etc.
  10. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 789.12; Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings, p. 143; Byrne "Church and politics", p. 657; Charles-Edwards in Mil Hist Ire about 29.
  11. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 791.5; Byrne, "Church and politics", pp. 658 & 662; Doherty, "Donnchad mac Domnaill"; Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings, pp. 143–144. For the oenach Tailten see Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 278–279 & 556–559.
  12. ^ Byrne, "Church and politics", pp. 658 & 662; Kelly, Early Irish Law, page number wanting.
  13. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 794.8; Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings, p. 144; Byrne, "Church and politics", p. 657–658; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 117.
  14. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 797.3; Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings, p. 144; Byrne, "Church and politics", p. 658.
  15. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 802.2 & 803.5; Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings, p. 144; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 160.
  16. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 804.5; Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings, p. 144.
  17. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 804.10; Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings, p. 144.
  18. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 805.7; Mac Niocaill, Ireland before the Vikings, p. 145; Byrne, Irish Kings', p. 160.
  19. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 806.4; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 160.
  20. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 808.4; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 253.
  21. ^ Annals of Innisfallen, AI 808.2; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 161.
  22. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 809.3 & 809.7; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 161.
  23. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 815.5; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 162.
  24. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 818.6; Byrne, p. 161.
  25. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 818.7; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 161.
  26. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 819.1; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 161.
  27. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 819.2; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 161.
  28. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 804.8; Charles-Ewdards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 278.
  29. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 159.
  30. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 806.5
  31. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 811.2; Byrne, Irish Kings, p.34; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 198.
  32. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 817.7 & 817.8.
  33. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 162.
  34. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 818.4; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 162.
  35. ^ Byrne, "Church and politics", p. 658.
  36. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 284, table 5; Ó Corrain, Ireland before the Normans, p. 180.

References

    * The Annals of Ulster AD 431–1201, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts, 2003, http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100001A/index.html, retrieved 2009-01-05
    * The Annals of Innisfallen, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts, 2000, http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100004/index.html, retrieved 2009-01-05
    * Byrne, Francis John (1973), Irish Kings and High-Kings, London: Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-5882-8, OCLC 714871
    * Byrne, Francis John (2005), "Church and politics, c.750–c.1100", in Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Prehistoric and Early Ireland, A New History of Ireland, I, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 656–679, ISBN 0-19-922665-8
    * Byrne, Francis John (2005), "Ireland and her neighbours, c.1014–c.1072", in Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Prehistoric and Early Ireland, A New History of Ireland, I, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 862–898, ISBN 0-19-922665-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2004), "Áed Oirdnide mac Néill (d. 819)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101050074/, retrieved 2009-01-06
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-39395-0
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (1997), "Irish warfare before 1100", in Bartlett, Thomas; Jeffery, Keith, A Military History of Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 26–51, ISBN 0-521-62989-6
    * Doherty, Charles (2004), "Donnchad mac Domnaill (733–797)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50108, retrieved 2007-10-25
    * Edwards, Nancy (2005), "The archaeology of early medieval Ireland, c.400–1169: settlement and economy", in Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Prehistoric and Early Ireland, A New History of Ireland, I, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 235–300, ISBN 0-19-922665-8
    * Hughes, Kathleen (2005), "The church in Irish society, 400–800", in Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Prehistoric and Early Ireland, A New History of Ireland, I, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 301–330, ISBN 0-19-922665-8
    * Irwin, Philip (2004), "Niall Frossach mac Fergaile (718–778)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/20075, retrieved 2007-10-25
    * Lacey, Brian (2006), Cenél Conaill and the Donegal Kingdoms AD 500–800, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 1-85182-978-4
    * Mac Niocaill, Gearóid (1972), Ireland before the Vikings, The Gill History of Ireland, 1, Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, ISBN 0-7171-0558-X
    * Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (1972), Ireland before the Normans, The Gill History of Ireland, 2, Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, ISBN 0-7171-0559-8
    * Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (2005), "Ireland c.800: aspects of society", in Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Prehistoric and Early Ireland, A New History of Ireland, I, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 549–608, ISBN 0-19-922665-8
    * Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí (2005), "Ireland 400–800", in Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Prehistoric and Early Ireland, A New History of Ireland, I, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 182–234, ISBN 0-19-922665-8 0766 - 0802 Euginis ingen Donnchada 36 36 0715 - 0778 Nial of Ireland 63 63 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Niall Frossach (or Niall mac Fergaile) (718-778) was an 8th century Irish king of Ailech, sometimes considered to have been High King of Ireland. Brother of high king Áed Allán (died 743), Niall was the son of high king Fergal mac Máele Dúin (died 722) and a member of the Cenél nEógain, a branch of the Northern Uí Néill.[1] The epithet Frossach (showery) is said to come from showers of silver, honey and wheat which fell on his home at Fahan in Inishowen at his birth.[2]

Upon the death of his brother he became King of Ailech. He ruled as King of Ailech from 743-770. However the new high king Domnall Midi (died 763) of the Clann Cholmáin branch of the southern Ui Neill appointed Áed Muinderg (died 747) of the rival Cenél Conaill as his representative in the north (Rí in Tuaiscert). In 756 conflict with Domnall broke out and Domnall led a force of Laigin with him as far as Mag Muirtheimne in modern County Louth.[3] This region had been recently brought under overlordship by Niall's brother Áed Allán in 735.

Niall followed Domnall Midi as High King in 763.[4] His reign was considered notably peaceful. The law of Saint Patrick was again proclaimed in force in 767.[5] (The Clann Cholmáin high kings had supported the Law of Columba of Iona. Domnall Midi's son Donnchad Midi (died 797) began to claim the throne of Tara in 770 when he campaigned against Leinster. In 771 Donnchad led a hosting to the north in 771 and 772.[6] It is presumed that Niall abdicated sometime between 772-777 though possibly as early as 770.[7] He died on Iona in 778.[8]

He was followed as King of Ailech by his nephew, Máel Dúin mac Áedo Alláin (d.788) son of Áed Allán. The Kingship of Tara and supposed High Kingship passed back to Clann Cholmáin in the person of Donnchad Midi. Niall married Dunlaith ingen Flaithbertaich (d.798) of the Cenél Conaill, daughter of the high king Flaithbertach mac Loingsig (died 765) and their son Áed Oirdnide (died 819) was a high king.
Notes

   1. ^ Byrne, Table 5; Charles-Edwards, Appendix V; Mac Niocaill, 152
   2. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 718.7
   3. ^ AU 756.3; Annals of Tigernach, AT 756.4; Charles-Edwards, pg.573
   4. ^ AU 763.11; AT 763.9
   5. ^ AU 767.10
   6. ^ AU 771.10; AU 772.3
   7. ^ Byrne, pg.156; Charles-Edwards, pg.577
   8. ^ AU 778.7

References

    * Annals of Ulster at [1] at University College Cork
    * Annals of Tigernach at [2] at University College Cork
    * Byrne, Francis John (2001), Irish Kings and High-Kings, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 978-1-85182-196-9
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Mac Niocaill, Gearoid (1972), Ireland before the Vikings, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan

 0720 - 0798 Dunflaith of Tir Chonaill 78 78 0660 - 0722 Feargal of Ireland 62 62 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Fergal mac Máele Dúin (died 11 December 722) was High King of Ireland. Fergal belonged to the Cenél nEógain sept of the northern Uí Néill. He was the son of Máel Dúin mac Máele Fithrich (died 681), a King of Ailech, and great grandson of the high king Áed Uaridnach (died 612).[1] He belonged to the Cenél maic Ercae branch of the Cenél nEógain and was King of Ailech from 700-722.

As King of Ailech Fergal participated in a victory over the men of Connacht in 707 where their king Indrechtach mac Dúnchado was slain.[2] This was in revenge for the defeat and death of the high king Loingsech mac Óengusso in 703 at the Battle of Corann. Loingsech's son Fergal mac Loingsig was one of the participants.

Fergal became High King in 710, on the death of Congal Cendmagair of the Cenél Conaill. He ruled from 710 to 722.[3]

The Cenél nEógain were expanding eastwards into Airgialla territory. In 711 he fought the Battle of Sliab Fuait (in the Fews, modern County Armagh) where the king of Uí Méith, Tnúthach son of Mochloinges, and Cú Raí mac Áedo of the Fir Cúl sept of the Síl nÁedo Sláine of Brega were slain.[4] Hostility to the Síl nÁedo Sláine was evidenced by the expulsion of Fogartach mac Néill (died 724) from the kingship of Brega in 714 who went into exile in Britain.[5] This appears to be the work of Fergalin conjunction with Murchad Midi (died 715) the King of Uisnech of Clann Cholmáin and Murchad may have been Fergal's deputy ruler in the south.[6]

Fogartach's uncle Conall Grant (died 718) killed Murchad the following year and Fogartach returned in 716.[7] In 717 Fogartach caused some manner of disturbance at the Óenach Tailten—an annual Uí Néill gathering held at Teltown—where two men were killed.[8] Then in 718 Conall Grant won a victory over a coalition of southern Ui Neill kings at the Battle of Cenannas (near Kells) as part of the internal feuds of the Síl nÁedo Sláine. In frustration, Fergal intervened and had Conall killed two months later [9] This seems to have settled affairs among the southern Uí Néill.

In 719 Fergal began to impose his authority on Leinster and harrying expeditions are recorded.[10] In 721 Cathal mac Finguine, king of Munster (died 742) and Murchad mac Brain Mut (died 727), king of Leinster attacked the lands of the southern Uí Néill and ravaged the plain of Brega. Later that year, Fergal retaliated against Leinster; he invaded and ravaged until the cattle-tribute was accepted and took hostages from the Laigin.[11] A truce was made with Cathal as well.[12] The Leinstermen broke the truce however, and Fergal retaliated by invading again in 722 with a large hosting of both northern and southern Uí Néill forces and their Airgíalla allies. However on 11 December 722 Fergal and numerous nobles of the Uí Néill were slain at the disastrous Battle of Allen (modern County Kildare) by the Leinstermen.[13] The battle was preserved in the 10th century saga Cath Almaine.

According to the saga Fáistine Fergaile meic Máele Dúin ("Fergal mac Máele Dúin's Prophecy") his son Áed Allán was born by a daughter of the high king Congal Cendmagair in an illicit union while the mother of his son Niall Frossach was of the Ciannachta. Both his sons Áed Allán and Niall Frossach were both later High Kings. Fergal was succeeded as High King by Fogartach mac Néill of the Síl nÁedo Sláine sept of the southern Uí Néill. His son Áed Allán succeeded him as King of Ailech and chief of the Cenél nEógain.

Notes

   1. ^ Byrne, Table 4; Charles-Edwards, Appendix V; Mac Niocaill, p.152.
   2. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 707.2; Annals of Tigernach, AT 707.2.
   3. ^ The Book of Leinster king list gives him a 17 year reign and the Laud Synchronisms and Rawlinson lists 10 years.
   4. ^ AU 711.2; AT 711.2; Mac Niocaill, pg.119
   5. ^ AU 714.4, AT 714.4
   6. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.480, 572; Mac Niocaill, p. 120.
   7. ^ AU 715.2, 716.3; AT 715.3, 716.2.
   8. ^ AU 717.6; Mac Niocaill, p. 120.
   9. ^ AU 718.3; AT 718.3; Mac Niocaill, p. 120; Charles-Edwards, p. 571.
  10. ^ AT 719.7; Charles-Edwards, p. 575.
  11. ^ AU 721.6, 721.8; AT 721.3, 721.5; Mac Nioaill, p. 121.
  12. ^ Annals of Innisfallen, AI 721.2
  13. ^ AU 722.8; AT 722.8; Mac Niocaill, p. 121.

References

    * Annals of Ulster at [1] at University College Cork
    * Annals of Tigernach at [2] at University College Cork
    * Byrne, Francis J., Irish Kings and High-Kings. B.T. Batsford, London, 1973. ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T.M., Early Christian Ireland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-39395-0
    * Mac Niocaill, Gearoid (1972), Ireland before the Vikings, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan
    * Wiley, Dan (2004). "" Cath Almaine"". The Cycles of the Kings. http://www.hastings.edu/academic/english/Kings/Cath_Almaine.html. Retrieved 2007-03-13. 0680 Athiochta Ciannachta 0620 - 0706 Maeldouin of Dalriada 86 86 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Máel Dúin mac Máele Fithrich (died 681) was a King of Ailech and head of the Cenél nEógain branch of the northern Uí Néill. He was the son of Máel Fithrich mac Áedo (died 630) and grandson of the high king Áed Uaridnach (died 612).[1] He ruled as King of Ailech from circa 668-681.[2]

The annals record the destruction of Ailech in 676 by the high king Fínsnechta Fledach (died 695) of the southern Uí Néill who appears to have asserted his authority in the north.[3]

Máel Dúin was active increasing the power of the Cenél nEógain. In 677 he slew Dúnchad son of Ultán, king of Airgialla -of the Uí mac Carthainn, near Lough Foyle, Tirkeeran in modern County Londonderry- in Dún Forgo. [4] In the summer of 681 he was successful over Dúngal Eilni mac Scandail of Dal nAraide and Cenn Faelad mac Suibni of the Ciannachta of Glenn Geimin (Keenaght, County Londonderry) at what was called the burning of the kings at Dún Ceithirn (in barony of Coleraine, in modern County Londonderry).[5]

He belonged to the Cenél maic Ercae branch of the family. The rival Cenél Feradaig branch dominated the kingship for most of the 7th century. At the beginning of winter 681 he was defeated and slain at the Battle of Bla Sléibe (in modern County Londonderry) by the Ciannachta of Glenn Geimin and by Fland mac Máele Tuile (died 700) of the rival Cenél Feradaig. [6]

He had married Cacht ingen Cellaig, daughter of the high king Cellach mac Máele Coba (died 658) of the Cenél Conaill and their son Fergal mac Máele Dúin (died 722) was high king of Ireland.


Notes

   1. ^ T.M. Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, Appendix V
   2. ^ the Laud Synchronisms give him a reign of 11 years
   3. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 676.4
   4. ^ Annals of Tigernach AT 677.2
   5. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 681.1
   6. ^ Annals of Tigernach AT 681.1

References

    * Annals of Ulster at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0

 0615 Cacht of Tir Chonaill 0590 - 0628 Maelfitric of Dalriada 38 38 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Máel Fithrich mac Áedo (died 630) was a King of Ailech and head of the Cenél nEógain branch of the northern Uí Néill. He was the son of the high king of Ireland Áed Uaridnach (died 612).[1] He ruled in Ailech from 628-30.[2]

The branch of the Cenél nEógain that he belonged to was called the Cenél maic Ercae and they had dominated the kingship of Ailech until the reign of his predecessor Suibne Menn (died 628) of the Cenél Feradaig branch. In 630 these two branches of the family clashed at the Battle of Leitheirbe and Máel Fithrich was slain fighting against Suibne's brother Ernaine mac Fiachnai (died 638).[3] The Cenél Feradaig branch then dominated the kingship for most of the 7th century.

His son Máel Dúin mac Máele Fithrich (died 681) was also a King of Ailech.

Notes

   1. ^ T.M. Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, Appendix V
   2. ^ the Laud Synchronisms give him a reign of two years
   3. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 630.1

References

    * Annals of Ulster at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0

 0550 - 0607 Aodh of Ireland 57 57 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Áed Uaridnach or Áed mac Domnaill (died 612) was an Irish king who was High King of Ireland. He is sometimes also known as Áed Allán, a name most commonly used for the 8th century king of the same name, this Áed's great-great-grandson.

Áed was the son of Domnall Ilchelgach (died 566) and brother of Eochaid mac Domnaill (died 572), considered to have been High Kings by some sources..[2] He belonged to the northern Cenél nEógain kindred of the Uí Néill. He was King of Ailech from 604-612[3]

Áed, it was said, was preceded as High King by the joint rule of Áed Sláine and Colmán Rímid and ruled from 604-612.[4] Áed is mentioned in the earliest Irish King list contained in the Baile Chuind (The Ecstasy of Conn), a late 7th century Irish poem. In 605 Áed won a victory over the King of Leinster, Brandub mac Echach (died 605) at the Battle of Slabra.[5] Leinster was often a target of the Ui Neill for inaugural raids and the levy of a cattle-tribute. The Annals of Tigernach place the beginning of his reign after this event. [6]

The cause of Áed's death is unknown, but his obituary presents it as a non-violent death. The Cenél Feradach, led by the descendants of Suibne Menn, overshadowed Áed's branch of the Cenél nEógain—the Cenél maic Ercae—and it was not until the time of his great-grandson Fergal mac Máele Dúin that the Cenél maic Ercae again provided a High King of Ireland. Áed's son Máel Fithrich mac Áedo (died 630) was a king of Ailech.

Notes

   1. ^ Lacey, Cenél Conaill, p. 286.
   2. ^ T.M. Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, Appendix V
   3. ^ the Laud Synchronisms give him a reign of 8 years
   4. ^ the Laud Synchronisms give him a reign of 7 years and the Book of Leinster 8 years
   5. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 605.1; Annals of Tigernach AT 603.2
   6. ^ Annals of Tigernach AT 603.6

References

    * Annals of Ulster at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2004), "Áed Uaridnach mac Domnaill (d. 612)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50077, retrieved 2007-10-25
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-39395-0
    * Byrne, Francis John (2001), Irish Kings and High-Kings (2nd ed.), Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 1-85182-196-9
    * Lacey, Brian (2006), Cenél Conaill and the Donegal Kingdoms AD 500–800, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 1-85182-978-4 0510 - 0561 Donal of Ireland 51 51 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Domnall mac Muirchertaig (died c. 566), called Domnall Ilchelgach (Domnall of the Many Deceits) and Domnall mac Maic Ercae, was said to be a High King of Ireland.

Domnall was probably a son of Muirchertach mac Muiredaig, and belonged to that part the northern branch of the Uí Néill—the kindred name is probably anachronistic in his time and dates from perhaps a generation later—which would later be known as the Cenél nEógain. Together with his brother Forggus, and perhaps also their kinsman Ainmuire mac Sétnai, he is said to have been High King following the death of Diarmait mac Cerbaill, whose enemy they had been. The beginning of their reign is conventionally dated to c. 565, based on the testimony of the Annals of Ulster, but recent studies have suggested that this is several years too late and that the dates in the Annals of Tigernach are more reliable in this period.

Domnall, Forggus and Ainmuire, perhaps with the aid of Áed mac Echach, King of Connacht defeated Diarmait mac Cerbaill at the battle of Cúl Dreimne in the early 560s, but Diarmait retained his hold on power. His authority may have been strengthened by the decisive defeat which Domnall, Forggus and their allies inflicted on the cruithne of Ulster at the battle of Móin Daire Lothair in the year following Cúl Dreimne. Domnall and Forggus are thought to have been recognised as Diarmait's successors after Cúl Dreimne. Their joint reign was short, a battle in the lands of the River Liffey in Leinster being recorded shortly before Domnall's death in about 566.

Domnall's sons Eochaid and Áed were reckoned High Kings and the great majority of Cenél nEógain kings counted as High Kings of Ireland were his descendants.

References

    * Byrne, Francis John (1973), Irish Kings and High-Kings, London: Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2004), "Forggus mac Muirchertaig (d. c. 566)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50119, retrieved 2008-03-06
    * MacKillop, James (1998), The Oxford Dictionary of Celtic Mythology, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-860967-1
    * Sharpe, Richard (1995), Adomnán of Iona: Life of St Columba, Harmondsworth: Penguin, ISBN 0-14-044462-9 0525 Erica D. 0489 Muiredach mac Eogain From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Muiredach mac Eógain (died circa 489) was a King of Ailech and head of the Cenél nEógain branch of the northern Uí Néill. He was the son of the founder of this dynasty Eógan mac Néill (died 465).[1]

There is no mention of him in the Irish annals but the Laud Synchronisms give him a reign of 24 years as King of Ailech giving him an approximate reign of 465-489. He married Erca, daughter of Loarn mac Eirc of Dál Riata who was mother of his son Muirchertach mac Muiredaig (died 532), high king of Ireland, also known as Muirchertach mac Ercae and founder of the Cenél maic Ercae branch.[2] Other sons included: Feradach, founder of the Cenél Feradaig branch; Moen, founder of the Cenél Moen branch; and Tigernach, founder of the Cenel Tigernaig branch.

Notes

   1. ^ T.M. Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, Appendix V
   2. ^ Geoffrey Keating, History of Ireland, Book II, pg.49

References

    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Laud Synchronisms at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Geoffrey Keating, History of Ireland at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork

 Erca Lodarn of Alba 0495 Orca 0465 Carthan D. 0658 Cellach mac Maele Coba From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Cellach mac Máele Coba (died 658) was an Irish king and is said to have been High King of Ireland.

Cellach was the son of Máel Coba mac Áedo (died 615) and belonged to the Cenél Conaill branch of the northern Uí Néill.[1] According to the Irish annals derived from the Chronicle of Ireland, he may have been High King, jointly with his brother Conall Cóel, following the death of his uncle Domnall mac Áedo in 642. The Annals of Ulster for 643 say:[2]

    Here there is doubt as to who reigned after Domnall. Some historiographers say that four kings, namely Cellach and Conall Cóel and the two sons of Áed Sláine, namely Diarmait and Blathmac, ruled in shared reigns.

All four putative successors to Domnall had been his allies at the great Battle of Mag Roth in 637, where Congal Cáech was defeated at the authority of the Uí Néill re-established, and it is not implausible that all four ruled together. He ruled from 643-654[3]The king lists give Cellach and Conall as reigning before Diarmait and Blathmac.[4] Both Cellach and Conall are omitted from the earliest king list-a late 7th century poem Baile Chuinn.[5]

A challenge to their authority occurred in the north when their cousin Óengus mac Domnaill was defeated and killed at the Battle of Dún Cremthainn by Conall and Cellach in 650.[6] Conall Cóel was killed by Diarmait in 654 while Cellach died in 658, perhaps at Bru na Bóinne.[7] It is possible Cellach had been captured by Diarmait in 654 and died a prisoner.[8]

His daughter Cacht ingen Cellaig married Máel Dúin mac Máele Fithrich (died 681) King of Ailech.

Notes

   1. ^ Byrne, Table 4; Charles-Edwards, Appendix IV; Mac Niocaill, pg.153
   2. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 643.7
   3. ^ king lists in Book of Leinster give him 15 year reign and Laud Synchronisms 14 years
   4. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.485
   5. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.484
   6. ^ AU 650.2; Annals of Tigernach, AT 650.2; Mac Niocaill, pg.98
   7. ^ AU 654.1, 658.1; AT 657.1
   8. ^ Mac Niocaill, pg.98

References

    * Annals of Ulster at [1] at University College Cork
    * Annals of Tigernach at [2] at University College Cork
    * Byrne, Francis John, Irish Kings and High-Kings. Batsford, London, 1973. ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T.M., Early Christian Ireland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-39395-0
    * Mac Niocaill, Gearoid (1972), Ireland before the Vikings, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan
    * "Cellach mac Máele Coba (d. 658)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 2004. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50091. Retrieved 2007-10-25. D. 0615 Mael Coba mac Aedo From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Máel Coba (died 615) was an Irish king who is counted as a High King of Ireland in some sources.

Máel Coba was the son of Áed mac Ainmuirech (died 598) and brother of Domnall mac Áedo (died 642), both also reckoned High Kings of Ireland. They belonged to the northern Cenél Conaill branch of the Uí Néill. [1] Máel Coba became chief of the Cenél Conaill upon the death of his brother Conall Cú mac Áedo in 604.

The high kingship of Ireland tended to rotate between the Cenél nEógain and Cenél Conaill branches from the mid 6th century. He follows Áed Uaridnach in the king lists, and is followed by Suibne Menn, both of the neighbouring Cenél nEógain, but of rival lines. He ruled from 612-615[2]

In 615 Máel Coba was defeated and slain by Suibne Menn at the Battle of Sliab Truim in Tyrone.[3] Suibne Menn apparently installed Óengus mac Colmáin as High King, at least in name.

He had two sons who were counted as joint High Kings in some sources, Cellach (died 658) and Conall (died 654). Dúnchad mac Cinn Fáelad, abbot of Iona, (died 717) is recorded as Máel Coba's grandson.

Notes

   1. ^ Byrne, Table 4; Charles-Edwards, Appendix IV; Mac Niocaill, pg.153
   2. ^ king lists in Book of Leinster give hime 3 year reign and Laud Synchronisms 4 years
   3. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 615.1; Annals of Tigernach, AT 613.1; Mac Niocaill, pg.90

References

    * "The Annals of Ulster AD 431-1201". CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts. http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100001A/index.html. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
    * Annals of Tigernach at [1] at University College Cork
    * Byrne, Francis John, Irish Kings and High-Kings. Batsford, London, 1973. ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T.M., Early Christian Ireland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-39395-0
    * Mac Niocaill, Gearoid (1972), Ireland before the Vikings, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan
    * Charles-Edwards, T.M. (2004). "Suibne Menn mac Fiachnai (d. 628)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,. Oxford University Press. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/19501. Retrieved 2007-10-22. D. 0654 Conall mac Maele Coba D. 0598 Aed mac Ainmuirech From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Áed mac Ainmuirech (died 598) was high-king of the Northern Uí Néill. He belonged to the Cenél Conaill and was a distant cousin of Columba of Iona. He was the son of Ainmuire mac Sétnai (died 569), a previous possible high king.[1]

He came to power some decades after the death of the last old, pagan style high-king of Tara, Diarmait mac Cerbaill (d. 565), after a period in which it is not clear that the Uí Néill had a high-king, nor is it certain that his contemporaries would have acknowledged Áed as such.[2] The high kingship of Ireland rotated between the Cenél nEógain and Cenél Conaill branches in the late 6th century.[3] It is difficult to disentagle the reign of Áed from that of his older 2cd cousin Báetán mac Ninneda (died 586). Various lengths are given to the reign of Áed in the kinglists all of which would put the start of his reign before the death of Báetán.[4]. Both kings are omitted fron the Baile Chuinn, the earliest Irish king list of the late 7th century, but this was probably a partisan document.[5]It is possible that Báetán was not actually high king but was given this position by the synthetic historians to explain away the rule of Báetán mac Cairill (died 581) of the Dal Fiatach of Ulster as high king.[6] The kinglists only assign him a reign of one year. Whether Báetán was king of Tara or not, the real effective power among the northern Ui Neill was Áed mac Ainmuirech.[7]

He is known to have met with Áedán mac Gabráin, king of Dál Riata, in 575 at Druim Cett, to agree an alliance, presumably arranged by his cousin Columba. Áed and Áedán were both threatened by the activities Ulaid king Báetán mac Cairill of the Dál Fiatach, and it served both interests that Dál Riada not be subjected to the ambitious Báetán. In this they succeeded.[8] Áed may have become high king after this possibly in 576.[4] It is also quite possible that this conference did not take place until circa 587 which is the date recorded in the Annals of Clonmacnoise.[9] The death of Báetán mac Ninneda had occurred in 586 and the Annals of Ulster record two death dates for Báetán mac Cairill, one being in 587.[10]

A challenge to the rule of Áed among the northern Ui Neill was launched by Colcu mac Domnaill of the Cenél nEógain branch. However they clashed at the Battle of Druim Meic Erce (Drumhirk, modern County Tyrone) in 580 and Colcu was slain.[11] Then in 586, Báetán mac Ninneda was killed at Léim in Eich at the instigation of Colmán Bec (died 587), the southern Ui Neill king of Uisnech who was making a bid for the high kingship. (who may have made an earlier bid in 573).[12] In 587 Áed ended this threat when Colman was slain at the battle of Belach Dathi.[13]

Another challenge to Áed may have come from the direction of Ulster in the person of Fiachnae mac Báetáin (died 626) of the Dál nAraidi. At the royal conference at Druim Cett the affairs of Osraige had been discussed implying an influence by Áed over the affairs of Munster.[14] In 597 Fiachnae won the Battle of Sliab Cua in the territory of Munster.[15] Fiachnae had earlier won a battle over the Ciannachta of Brega in 594.[16] The possibility is that Fiachnae was a possible king of Tara in the 590's[17]

Áed came into conflict with Brandub mac Echach, King of Leinster from the Uí Cheinnselaig who was resisting Ui Neill encroachment. According to the saga tradition preserved in the Borúma Laigin (Cattle Tribute of Leinster), Brandub had killed Cummascach, the son of Áed for demanding the right to sleep with Brandub's wife during a royal tour.[18] The annals record Brandub's killing of Áed's son Cummascach in 597 at Dún Buchat.[19] However, at the battle of Dún Bolg (Dunboyke, modern County Wicklow) in 598, Áed was defeated and killed by Brandub..[20]

Áed had close relations with his cousin Saint Columba. He may have commissioned a eulogy upon the saint's death and most likely granted the land for the monastery of Durrow.[21] Áed was followed as king of the Northern Uí Néill by Colmán Rímid, son of Báetán mac Muirchertaig, of the Cenél nEógain. Áed's son Conall Cú mac Áedo (died 604) failed in a bid for the high kingship after his death but his sons Máel Cobo (died 615) and Domnall (died 642) were later high kings of the Northern Uí Néill.[22]

Notes

   1. ^ Byrne, Table 4; Appendix IV; Mac Niocaill, pg.81
   2. ^ Byrne, pp. 110–111.
   3. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.494-495
   4. ^ a b Charles-Edwards, pg.487
   5. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.491
   6. ^ Byrne, pg.114
   7. ^ Mac Niocaill, pg.72
   8. ^ Adomnán, note 204; Byrne, pp. 109–111.
   9. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.487, note79
  10. ^ Annals of Ulster, 587.3
  11. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 580.1, 581.1; 586.2 Annals of Tigernach AT 578.1; Mac Niocaill, pg.80
  12. ^ AU 586.1; AT 584.1; Mac Niocaill, pg.80
  13. ^ AU 587.2; AT 585.1; Mac Niocaill, pg.80
  14. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.490
  15. ^ AU 597.2; 603.5; AT 595.2
  16. ^ Au 594.1; AT 592.1
  17. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.500
  18. ^ Mac Niocaill, pg.81-82; Byrne, pg.145
  19. ^ AU 597.1; AT 595.1
  20. ^ AU 598.2; AT 596.2; Mac Niocaill, pg.82
  21. ^ Charles-Edwards, pp.289, 555
  22. ^ Byrne, pp. 281, 283.

References

    * Annals of Ulster at [1] at University College Cork
    * Annals of Tigernach at [2] at University College Cork
    * Adomnán, Life of St Columba, tr. & ed. Richard Sharpe. Penguin, London, 1995. ISBN 0-14-044462-9
    * Byrne, Francis John, Irish Kings and High-Kings. Batsford, London, 1973. ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Mac Niocaill, Gearoid (1972), Ireland before the Vikings, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan

 D. 0569 Ainmuire mac Setnai From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ainmuire mac Sétnai (died 569) or Ainmire or Ainmere was a High King of Ireland from the Cenél Conaill branch of the Uí Néill. He was the great grandson of Conall Gulban (died 464), founder of this branch.[1] He ruled from 566-569.[2] He was the first high king from the Cenél Conaill.

Before becoming high king, Ainmere is mentioned in a number of events in which he is allied to other northern Uí Néill princes. These were Forggus mac Muirchertaig and his brother Domnall Ilchelgach (died 566) of the Cenél nEógain, as well as Ainmere's cousin Ninnid mac Dauach (a member of the Cenél nDuach branch of the Cenél Conaill). The northern Uí Néill fought the Connachta at the Battle of Slicech (modern County Sligo) in 544/547 and slew the king Eógan Bél.[3]

In 561 these northern Uí Néill princes allied with Áed mac Echach (died 577) of Connacht versus the high king Diarmait mac Cerbaill (died 565) of the southern Uí Néill whom they defeated at the Battle of Cúl Dreimne (County Sligo).[4] According to the annals, Saint Columba organized this confederacy. The purpose of this battle may have been to ensure the succession to Diarmait for the northern Uí Néill.[5]

In 563 these northern princes fought the Battle of Móin Dairi Lothair versus the Cruthin tribes in the north and crushed them.[6] By this victory they expanded into modern county Londonderry to the River Bann.[7] According to the report in the annals, Ainmere recovered the possessions of his father Sétnae.

Ainmere succeeded to the high kingship on the death of Domnall Ilchelgach in 566.[8] The middle Irish king lists have misplaced his reign putting it later than the annalistic tradition but other king lists have him in the correct order.[9] He is also omitted from the earliest list of Kings of Tara, the Baile Chuind (The Ecstasy of Conn), a late 7th century Irish poem. He was slain by Fergus son of Néilléne (died 570) of the Cenél nEógain in 569.[10] This Fergus was killed the next year by Ainmere's son Áed mac Ainmuirech (died 598) who was also a high king.[11] According to Keating, Báetán mac Ninneda of the Cenél nEógain instigated the assassination.[12]The Chronicum Scotorum records of Ainmire's death:[13]

    "Femhen, when he was king was not an ignoble place; today, crimson is its aspect from Ainmire, son of Senna."

Ainmere had married Brigid ingen Cobthaig of the Uí Cheinnselaig who was mother of his son Áed.

Notes

   1. ^ Francis J.Byrne, Irish Kings and High-Kings, Table 4
   2. ^ he is given a reign of 3 years in the Laud Synchronisms and the Book of Leinster
   3. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 543.2, 547.1; Annals of Tigernach AT 542.2
   4. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 561.1; Annals of Tigernach AT 560.1
   5. ^ T.M. Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pg.294-295, 510
   6. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 563.1; Annals of Tigernach AT 562.2
   7. ^ Byrne, pg.95
   8. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 566.2; Annals of Tigernach AT 565.2
   9. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.484-487
  10. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 569.1; Annals of Tigernach AT 568.1
  11. ^ Annals of Tigernach, AT 569.1
  12. ^ Geoffrey Keating, History of Ireland, Book II, pg.77
  13. ^ Chronicum Scotorum, CS 568

References

    * Annals of Ulster at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Chronicum Scotorum at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Byrne, Francis John (2001), Irish Kings and High-Kings, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 978-1-85182-196-9
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Geoffrey Keating, History of Ireland at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork

 Brigid ingen Cobthaig Setnae D. 0464 Conall Gulban Conall Gulban, son of Niall Noígiallach, was an Irish king founded the kingdom of Tír Chonaill in modern County Donegal in the 5th century. He was the ancestor of Saint Colum Cille. The last known kings of Tír Chonnaill (County Donegal) were the Uí Niell. The Peninsula of Inishowen in Donegal was fought for by the Dochartaigh (known modernly as Doherty, Daugherty, Docherty, Dougherty, etc.) clan who were then given the titles as Princes of Donegal.

The most powerful of his descendants were the Dunkeld Royal house of the Kings of Scotland (11th-13th C.), and the O'Donnell clan, Kings of Tirconnel (Conal's land) and Inishowen and Overlords of Connaught as well as many less powerful noble houses of Scotland, Ireland and England. Among his famous descendents were the Washingtons of northern England including one named George.
King Conall Gulban was murdered by the Masraighe in 464 A.D. at Magh Slécht.
(Wikipedia)
 0650 Cian 0620 Conot 0690 - 0765 Flaithbertach mac Loinsig 75 75 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Flaithbertach mac Loingsig (died 765) was a High King of Ireland. He was a member of the Cenél Conaill, a branch of the northern Uí Néill. He was the son of Loingsech mac Óengusso (died 703), a previous high king.[1] He ruled from 728-734.[2]

He is considered to have been High King of Ireland following his victory over the previous High King, Cináed mac Írgalaig of the Síl nÁedo Sláine, at the battle of Druim Corcain in 728 where Cináed was killed.[3]

For much of Flaithbertach's reign his kingship was contested by his northern Uí Néill rival, Áed Allán of the Cenél nEógain. Áed's goal was the conquest of Mag nÍtha, a plain in the valley of the River Finn connecting northern and southern portions of Cenél Conaill territory.[4] Prior to becoming high king he fought the Battle of Druim Fornocht with his rival in 727.[5] In 732 Flaithbertach was defeated by Áed in battle in which Flaithbertach's cousin Flann Gohan mac Congaile was slain.[6] Another encounter occurred in 733 in a battle fought in Mag nÍtha in which another cousin of Flaithbertach, Conaing mac Congaile was slain.[7] This was followed by a further encounter in 734 in Mag nÍtha.[8]

These defeats led Flaithbertach to call in the naval help of the men of Dál Riata but their fleet was destroyed at the mouth of the Bann in 734.[9] The less reliable Annals of the Four Masters state that the Scots did arrive to help Flaithbertach's army cut off the enemy and that the Ulaid and the Ciannachta of Glenn Geimin were allies of Áed in this battle.[10]

After these series of battles Flaithbertach was deposed, or abdicated, and entered the monastery at Armagh where he died in 765.[11]

Flaithbertach was the last member of the Cenél Conaill to be generally counted as High King of Ireland, although Ruaidrí ua Canannáin (d. 950) is considered such by a minority of sources. Flaithbertach's sons included: Áed Muinderg (died 747) called King of the North; Loingsech mac Flaithbertaig(died 754) and Murchad mac Flaithbertaig (died 767) called chiefs of the Cenél Conaill. His daughter Dunlaith ingen Flaithbertaig (died 798) married the high king Niall Frossach (died 778).[12]

Notes

   1. ^ Francis J.Byrne, Irish Kings and High-Kings, Table 4
   2. ^ the Laud Synchronisms and Rawlinson Genealogies give him a reign of 9 years; Book of Leinster gives him 7 years
   3. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 728.1; Annals of Tigernach AT 728.1, 728.8
   4. ^ T.M. Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pg.573
   5. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 727.2; Annals of Tigernach AT 727.2
   6. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 732.10
   7. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 733.3
   8. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 734.8
   9. ^ Byrne, pg.114
  10. ^ Annals of the Four Masters M 728.3
  11. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.573; Annals of Ulster, AU 734.10, 765.2
  12. ^ Geoffrey Keating, History of Ireland, Book II, pg.153

References

    * Annals of Ulster at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Annals of the Four Masters at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Byrne, Francis John (2001), Irish Kings and High-Kings, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 978-1-85182-196-9
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Geoffrey Keating, History of Ireland at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork

 D. 0747 Aed Muinderg D. 0754 Loingsech mac Flaithbertaig D. 0767 Murchad mac Flaithbertaig D. 0703 Loingsech mac Oengusso Loingsech mac Óengusso (died 703) was an Irish king who was High King of Ireland. Loingsech was a member of the northern Cenél Conaill branch of the Uí Néill. Although his father Óengus (died 650) had not been High King, his grandfather Domnall mac Áedo (died 642) had been.[1]

Loingsech is first mentioned in the annals of Ireland under the year 672 when he defeated Dúngal mac Máele Tuil of the Cenél mBógaine who was slain. The Cenél mBógaine were a branch of the Cenél Conaill located in southwest County Donegal. The Annals of Ulster do not mention Loingsech as victor , whereas the Annals of Tigernach do.[2]. The Annals of the Four Masters refer to Loingsech as chief of the Cenél Conaill with regards to this event.[3] His accession to lordship of the Cenél Conaill is not mentioned, however the death of his uncle Ailill Flann Esa (died 666) is recorded during the plague years.[4]

The Chronicle of Ireland records the beginning of Loingsech's reign in 696, having recorded the killing of his predecessor Fínsnechta Fledach the year previously..[5] The record in Annals of Ulster may show that Congalach mac Conaing Cuirre (died 696) of the Síl nÁedo Sláine branch of the southern Uí Néill was a candidate for the high kingship after the killing of Fínsnechta, in competition with Loingsech. It is not until after Congalach's death that the annal, probably based on a contemporaneous chronicle kept on Iona, announces the beginning of Loingsech's reign.[6] The Annals of Tigernach on the other hand place the beginning of Loingsech's reign in 695 before the death of Congalach.[7] He ruled as high king from 695-703.[8]

It was in his reign that Adomnán - a member of the Cenél Conaill- came to preach in Ireland. Loingsech appears as the first non-ecclesiastical signatory of Adomnán's "law of the innocents"—the Cáin Adomnáin—agreed at the Synod of Birr in 697. Loingsech gave his full support to this law.

The annals record plagues afflicting people and cattle, and famine following, during his reign..[9] According to Keating this famine went on for three years.

The Cenél Conaill expansion in the north had been blocked by the expansion of the rival Cenél nEógain into county Londonderry. As a result there outlet for expansion was to the south versus Connacht. This along with a desire to make his high kingship a reality prompted an attack on Connacht in 703.[10] Loingsech was killed in 703, in the Battle of Corann (in Southern Co.Sligo) against the men of Connacht led by their old king Cellach mac Rogallaig (died 705).[11] The Chronicle of Ireland again calls him High King when reporting his death. The annals say that three of Loingsech's sons (Artgal and Connachtach and Flann Gerg) were killed with him, and many other besides.

A quatrain attributed to the old king Cellach states:[12]

    "For his deeds of ambition, on the morning he was slain at Glais Chuilg; I slew Loingseach there with a sword, the monarch of all Ireland round."

He married Muirenn ingen Cellaig (died 748), daughter of Cellach Cualann (died 715), King of Leinster. [13] Their son, Flaithbertach (died 765), was later High King. Another son, Fergal, led a force of northern Ui Neill in victory over Connacht to avenge his father's death in 707.[14]

Loingsech was followed as High King of Ireland by Congal Cennmagair (died 710).

Notes

   1. ^ Francis J.Byrne, Irish Kings and High-Kings, Table 4
   2. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 672.1; Annals of Tigernach AT 672.1
   3. ^ Annals of the Four Masters M 670.2
   4. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 666.1
   5. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 695.1, 696.7
   6. ^ T.M. Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pg.506
   7. ^ Annals of Tigernach AT 695.4, 696.7
   8. ^ He is given a reign of 8 years in the Book of Leinster and 9 years in Rawlinson Genealogies and the Laud Synchronisms
   9. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 700.1, 700.6
  10. ^ Byrne, pg.247
  11. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 703.2; Annals of Tigernach AT 703.2
  12. ^ Annals of the Four Masters, M 701.2
  13. ^ Geoffrey Keating, History of Ireland , Book II, pg.147
  14. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 707.2

References

    * "The Annals of Ulster AD 431-1201". CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts. http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100001A/index.html. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
    * Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Annals of the Four Masters at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Byrne, Francis John (2001), Irish Kings and High-Kings, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 978-1-85182-196-9
    * Charles-Edwards, T.M., Early Christian Ireland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-39395-0
    * Geoffrey Keating, History of Ireland at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Meyer, Kuno (1905), Cain Adamnain: An Old-Irish Treatise on the Law of Adamnan, Oxford: Clarendon Press, http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/CainAdamnain.html, retrieved 2008-03-23 D. 0748 Muirenn ingen Cellaig Fergal D. 0715 Cellach Cualann mac Gerthidi From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

Cellach Cualann mac Gerthidi (died 715) was the last Uí Máil king of Leinster. Cellach's byname is derived from the land of Cualu which lay around Glendalough.

The name Uí Máil may mean "grandsons of the princes". This, along with their ownership of certain objects symbolic of the kingship of Leinster, has suggested that they may once have been considered the rightful rulers of Leinster, at least by themselves. Alternatively, Uí Máil may have derived their name from the Glen of Imaal, in the west of modern County Wicklow, which lay in the centre of their historic lands.

Cellach's father was not king of Leinster, but his second cousin Fiannamail mac Máele Tuile (died 680) was. Cellach succeeded his cousin as king of Uí Máil when Fiannamail was murdered by a servant named Fochsechán, probably on the orders of Fínsnechta Fledach.[1] The kingship of Leinster passed to the Uí Dúnlainge in the person of Bran Mut mac Conaill who died in 693, to be followed as king by Cellach.

Immediately after the death of Bran Mut a battle between the Leinstermen and their western neighbours the kingdom of Osraige is recorded, but Cellach is not associated with this.[2] Cellach was one of the guarantors of the Cáin Adomnáin (Law of Adomnán) in 697 promulgated at the Synod of Birr.

In 704 he warred with his northern neighbours, the Uí Néill of Clann Cholmáin, led by Bodbchath mac Diarmata Déin, and of Síl nÁedo Sláine, led by Fogartach mac Néill. The Battle of Claenath, fought near Clane in modern County Kildare, was a victory for Cellach, with Bodbchath killed and Fogartach fled.[3] In 707 the Uí Néill High King of Ireland Congal Cennmagair campaigned in Leinster and obtained Cellach's submission to his authority.[4]

In 709, aided by British allies—usually presumed to be mercenaries, exiled members of the warbands of the British kingdoms conquered by expansionist Northumbria—he fought a battle at Serg where his sons Fiachra and Fiannamail were killed. Serg is unidentified, Whitley Stokes translates it as "the battle of the Hunt". The Annals of Tigernach locate it somewhere in the fortuatha of Leinster, that part of the province east of the Wicklow Mountains.[5] His adversaries are not named. Cellach's death in 715 is reported without comment by the Irish annals.

His first wife was Mugain ingen Failbe of Uí Bairrche. Their daughter Conchenn (died 743) married Murchad mac Brain Mut (died 727), his successor as king of Leinster. Mugain was also the mother of his sons Fiachra and Fianamail slain in 709.

Cellach's wife Bé Fáil, the third of four, was the daughter of Sechnassach, the High King of Ireland. Several of his sons died in his lifetime. His daughters married well. Muirenn (died 748) was the mother of High King Cináed mac Írgalaig and perhaps of Cináed's successor Flaithbertach mac Loingsig by a second marriage. Derbforgaill, wife of Fínsnechta Fledach, was probably Cellach's daughter. His daughter Caintigern (Saint Kentigerna) was by his fourth wife, also Caintigern, daughter of Conaing Cuirre of the Síl nÁedo Sláine.

Of Cellach's surviving sons, Áed was killed in 719 near Fennor, County Kildare, Crimthann died in battle, "at an immature age" according to the Annals of Ulster in 726, and Eterscél in 727 fighting against Fáelán mac Murchado. His two grandsons Cathal and Ailill were slain in 744.

Notes

   1. ^ Annals of Tigernach AT 680.3
   2. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 693.4
   3. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 704.4
   4. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 707.7
   5. ^ Annals of Tigernach AT 709.2

References

    * "The Annals of Ulster AD 431-1201". CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts. http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100001A/index.html. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
    * Byrne, Francis John, Irish Kings and High-Kings. Batsford, London, 1973. ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T.M., Early Christian Ireland. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000. ISBN 0-521-39395-0
    * Doherty, Charles (2004). "Cellach Cualann (d. 715)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50090. Retrieved 2007-10-25.
    * Stokes, Whitley (1895–1897). "The annals of Tigernach". Revue Celtique. http://www.archive.org/details/annalsoftigernac00stokuoft. Retrieved 2008-03-09. D. 0650 Oengus mac Domnaill D. 0642 Domnall mac Aedo From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Domnall mac Áedo (died 642) was a son of Áed mac Ainmuirech. Domnall was High King of Ireland from 628 until his death. He belonged to the Cenél Conaill kindred of the northern Uí Néill.

The year of Domnall's birth is not known, and even an approximation depends on the date of the convention of Druim Cett, which is debated. Certainly he must have been born around 570 at the earliest, and around 590 at the latest. According to Adomnán's Life of Saint Columba, Domnall mac Áedo met Columba at Druim Cett while still a boy. Columba prophesied great success and a peaceful death in old age for Domnall.[1]

Domnall's brother Máel Cobo (died 615) is said to have been High King of Ireland, and his father Áed also, but both claims are later inventions based on the Annals of the Four Masters and similar writings. The list of High Kings found in the Baile Chuinn Cétchathaigh (The Frenzy of Conn of the Hundred Battles), which is dated to before 695, includes Domnall. The original writer of the Annals of Ulster named just twelve "kings of Ireland", starting with Domnall in 628–642, and ending with Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair in 1166–1186.[2]

The first reference to Domnall in the Annals of Ulster is for 628, a report of the battle of Both where Domnall was defeated by the reigning High King, his distant Uí Néill cousin Suibne Menn of the Cenél nEógain. Shortly after, Suibne Menn was killed by Congal Cáech, the Dál nAraidi king of the Ulaid. Later in the year Domnall took his army raiding into Leinster. Success in warfare was the usual test of a new king, and afterwards the Annalists assume Domnall was acknowledged as High King.[3]

In 629, the Annals tell of battles at Fid Eóin and Dún Ceithirn, although it is not clear which was fought first. At Fid Eóin, Máel Caích mac Sgannail defeated the army of the Dál Riata, clients of the Cenél Conaill.[4] The king of Dál Riata, Connad Cerr, and two grandsons of Áedán mac Gabráin were killed in the defeat. At Dún Ceithirn, Domnall inflicted a defeat on Congal Cáech and the armies of the Ulaid and Dál nAraidi. In addition to the defeat of the Ulaid, constant enemies of the Cenél Conaill, Domnall's hold on power can only have been helped by fighting amongst the other kindreds of the Uí Néill, war amongst Cenél nEógain reported in 630, and between Clann Cholmáin and the Síl nÁedo Sláine in 634–635.

In 637, Domnall faced another challenge from Congal Cáech and the Ulaid. Congal was joined by Domnall Brecc, king of Dál Riata, and by the Cenél nEógain. Domnall was aided by the Síl nÁedo Sláine. The battle of Mag Rath (Moira, County Down) was a decisive victory for the High King and Congal Cáech was killed. On the same day as Mag Rath, the battle of Sailtír (off Kintyre), fought between Domnall's fleet, led by his nephew Conall Cáel mac Máele Cobo, and a fleet of the Cenél nEógain and Dál Riata, was won by the High King's forces. The Ulaid were not the main sufferers however, as the Dál Riata are thought to have lost their lands in County Antrim as a result of the battle. Mag Rath was attached to the Buile Shuibhne, the tale of a fictitious Dál nAraidi king named Suibhne Gelt, which is probably much older in origin.

The Annals of Tigernach report the death of Domnall's wife Duinseach in 641. Domnall died at the end of January of 642, perhaps after a long illness. Domnall was followed as king of the Cenél Conaill by his nephew Cellach mac Máele Cobo. Domnall's sons included Óengus mac Domnaill (died 650), father of Loingsech mac Óengusso (died 703), high king of Ireland ; Fergus Fanát , father of Congal Cennmagair (died 710), also high king; Ailill Flann Esa (died 666) as well as Conall and Colcu (both died 663) .[5]

Notes

   1. ^ Druim Cett is usually dated to c. 575, but it was possibly as late as 590, see Sharpe's notes 86 & 204 to Adomnán's Life. Sharpe's dating has found support, but is not accepted by all.
   2. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings and High-Kings, pp. 256–257.
   3. ^ This inaugural raid was known as the crech ríg, see Ó Cróinín, Early Medieval Ireland, p. 99.
   4. ^ Presumably Máel Caích is either brother of Congal Cáech, or perhaps it is a scribal error and Congal is meant.
   5. ^ Loingsech is also named "king of Ireland" in the original hand of the Annals of Ulster.

References

    * Adomnán, Life of St Columba, tr. & ed. Richard Sharpe. Penguin, London, 1995. ISBN 0-14-044462-9
    * Byrne, Francis John, Irish Kings and High-Kings. Batsford, London, 1973. ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Early Medieval Ireland: 400–1200. Longman, London, 1995. ISBN 0-582-01565-0

 D. 0642 Domnall mac Aedo From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Domnall mac Áedo (died 642) was a son of Áed mac Ainmuirech. Domnall was High King of Ireland from 628 until his death. He belonged to the Cenél Conaill kindred of the northern Uí Néill.

The year of Domnall's birth is not known, and even an approximation depends on the date of the convention of Druim Cett, which is debated. Certainly he must have been born around 570 at the earliest, and around 590 at the latest. According to Adomnán's Life of Saint Columba, Domnall mac Áedo met Columba at Druim Cett while still a boy. Columba prophesied great success and a peaceful death in old age for Domnall.[1]

Domnall's brother Máel Cobo (died 615) is said to have been High King of Ireland, and his father Áed also, but both claims are later inventions based on the Annals of the Four Masters and similar writings. The list of High Kings found in the Baile Chuinn Cétchathaigh (The Frenzy of Conn of the Hundred Battles), which is dated to before 695, includes Domnall. The original writer of the Annals of Ulster named just twelve "kings of Ireland", starting with Domnall in 628–642, and ending with Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair in 1166–1186.[2]

The first reference to Domnall in the Annals of Ulster is for 628, a report of the battle of Both where Domnall was defeated by the reigning High King, his distant Uí Néill cousin Suibne Menn of the Cenél nEógain. Shortly after, Suibne Menn was killed by Congal Cáech, the Dál nAraidi king of the Ulaid. Later in the year Domnall took his army raiding into Leinster. Success in warfare was the usual test of a new king, and afterwards the Annalists assume Domnall was acknowledged as High King.[3]

In 629, the Annals tell of battles at Fid Eóin and Dún Ceithirn, although it is not clear which was fought first. At Fid Eóin, Máel Caích mac Sgannail defeated the army of the Dál Riata, clients of the Cenél Conaill.[4] The king of Dál Riata, Connad Cerr, and two grandsons of Áedán mac Gabráin were killed in the defeat. At Dún Ceithirn, Domnall inflicted a defeat on Congal Cáech and the armies of the Ulaid and Dál nAraidi. In addition to the defeat of the Ulaid, constant enemies of the Cenél Conaill, Domnall's hold on power can only have been helped by fighting amongst the other kindreds of the Uí Néill, war amongst Cenél nEógain reported in 630, and between Clann Cholmáin and the Síl nÁedo Sláine in 634–635.

In 637, Domnall faced another challenge from Congal Cáech and the Ulaid. Congal was joined by Domnall Brecc, king of Dál Riata, and by the Cenél nEógain. Domnall was aided by the Síl nÁedo Sláine. The battle of Mag Rath (Moira, County Down) was a decisive victory for the High King and Congal Cáech was killed. On the same day as Mag Rath, the battle of Sailtír (off Kintyre), fought between Domnall's fleet, led by his nephew Conall Cáel mac Máele Cobo, and a fleet of the Cenél nEógain and Dál Riata, was won by the High King's forces. The Ulaid were not the main sufferers however, as the Dál Riata are thought to have lost their lands in County Antrim as a result of the battle. Mag Rath was attached to the Buile Shuibhne, the tale of a fictitious Dál nAraidi king named Suibhne Gelt, which is probably much older in origin.

The Annals of Tigernach report the death of Domnall's wife Duinseach in 641. Domnall died at the end of January of 642, perhaps after a long illness. Domnall was followed as king of the Cenél Conaill by his nephew Cellach mac Máele Cobo. Domnall's sons included Óengus mac Domnaill (died 650), father of Loingsech mac Óengusso (died 703), high king of Ireland ; Fergus Fanát , father of Congal Cennmagair (died 710), also high king; Ailill Flann Esa (died 666) as well as Conall and Colcu (both died 663) .[5]

Notes

   1. ^ Druim Cett is usually dated to c. 575, but it was possibly as late as 590, see Sharpe's notes 86 & 204 to Adomnán's Life. Sharpe's dating has found support, but is not accepted by all.
   2. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings and High-Kings, pp. 256–257.
   3. ^ This inaugural raid was known as the crech ríg, see Ó Cróinín, Early Medieval Ireland, p. 99.
   4. ^ Presumably Máel Caích is either brother of Congal Cáech, or perhaps it is a scribal error and Congal is meant.
   5. ^ Loingsech is also named "king of Ireland" in the original hand of the Annals of Ulster.

References

    * Adomnán, Life of St Columba, tr. & ed. Richard Sharpe. Penguin, London, 1995. ISBN 0-14-044462-9
    * Byrne, Francis John, Irish Kings and High-Kings. Batsford, London, 1973. ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Early Medieval Ireland: 400–1200. Longman, London, 1995. ISBN 0-582-01565-0

 D. 0641 Duinseach 0733 - 0797 Donnchad Midi 64 64 0790 - 0859 Gormlaith of Meath 69 69 Ailill Conn Domnall Falloman D. 0763 Domnall Midi Ailbine ingen Ailello D. 0802 Muiredach From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Domnall mac Murchado (died 20 November 763), called Domnall Midi (Donald of Meath), was High King of Ireland. He belonged to the Clann Cholmáin branch of the Uí Néill. Clann Cholmáin's pre-eminence among the southern Uí Néill, which would last until the rise of Brian Bóruma and the end of the Uí Néill dominance in Ireland, dates from his lifetime.

Domnall was chief of Clann Cholmáin for almost fifty years, and High King of Ireland for twenty. In spite of this, and his importance as a dynast, the Irish annals contain relatively few reports of his activities. He was a patron of the Columban churches, particularly Durrow, where he is buried.

Domnall was a son of Murchad mac Diarmato. He had at least one sibling, a brother named Coirpre who died in 749, and it is likely that the Bressal mac Murchado who was killed in 764 was also his brother. Domnall's father ruled as king of Uisnech from the death of his father, Diarmait Dian, in 689 until his own death in 715. He was killed by Conall Grant of the Síl nÁedo Sláine branch of the southern Uí Néill. A year earlier Murchad had driven out Conall's nephew Fogartach mac Néill, probably the chief king among the southern Uí Néill, who was exiled to Britain. The notice of Murchad's death calls him "king of the Uí Néill", and this is understood as meaning that he was the southern deputy of then-High King Fergal mac Máele Dúin of the northern Cenél nEógain.[1]

According to later king lists such as those in the Book of Leinster, Domnall succeeded his father as king of Uisnech on the latter's death. If this is correct, the Irish annals take no notice of him, and it is not until 730 that he is first mentioned.[2] During this time, the internecine conflict within the Síl nÁedo Sláine continued. Fergal mac Máele Dúin had died in battle in Leinster in 722. Fogartach mac Néill, who had returned to Ireland in 716 and was once again chief king among the southern Uí Néill, and latterly Fergal's deputy, succeeded him. Fogartach was killed in battle against his Síl nÁedo Sláine kinsman Cináed mac Írgalaig in 724.[3] Cináed was killed in 728 fighting against Flaithbertach mac Loingsig of the northern Cenél Conaill who became High King after this victory.[4]

In the early 730s war broke out among the northern Uí Néill. Flaithbertach was defeated in 732 by Fergal's elder son Áed Allán and the Cenél Conaill were again defeated by Áed in 733 when Fergus, son of Congal Cendmagair, was killed.[5] Flaithbertach was again defeated by Áed in 734. The Annals of Ulster, which rarely record the beginnings of the reigns of high kings in this period, record that Áed was inaugurated later in 734. Flaithbertach had been deposed, although he survived and entered religion, dying in 765, having outlived two successors.[6]

Perhaps taking advantage of this strife, the King of Munster, Cathal mac Finguine, invaded the midlands in 733. Cathal encamped at Tailtiu, where the Uí Néill high kings traditionally held their main óenach. He was attacked there by Domnall and driven off although he later defeated the minor Uí Néill kindred of Clann Cholmáin Bicc led by Fallomon mac Con Congalt at the Hill of Ward, the site of another major Uí Néill óenach.[7]

Áed Allán's reign was remembered as a time of war.[8] He began by attacking his traditional enemies, the Ulaid, in 735. Áed Róin, the King of Ulster, was killed at a battle near Faughart.[9] The war among the Síl nÁedo Sláine continued in 737 and that same year Áed met with Cathal mac Finguine at Terryglass. Exactly what was agreed there is unknown, but the annals also state that the law of Saint Patrick was in force throughout Ireland.[10] It may be that Áed and Cathal agreed on an alliance against Leinster. Áed's father Fergal had been killed campaigning there, and the annals are full of Cathal's generally unsuccessful campaigns against the Leinstermen. In the following Áed and Cathal separately attacked Leinster. Áed's invasion led to the battle of Áth Senaig, fought on 14 September 738 near Ballyshannon, County Kildare, also called the battle of the groans. This was a crushing defeat for Leinster. Their king, Áed mac Colggen, was killed, as was Bran Becc mac Murchado. The Annals of Ulster say: "so many fell in this great battle that we find no comparable slaughter in a single onslaught and fierce conflict throughout all preceding ages."[11] Later Cathal campaigned in Leinster and apparently took hostages and tribute from the new king, perhaps Fáelán mac Murchado.[12]

In 739 the Annals of Ulster record that some of Domnall's household were burned to death in a banqueting hall at the unindentified Bodbráith.[13] The enemy are not named. The following year Domnall, it is reported, "went off into clerical life".[14]

In 743 Domnall defeated and killed Áed Allán and a number of kings of the Airgíalla, perhaps at Mag Sered near Kells, although some annals place the battle in modern County Longford, either location suggesting that Áed was the aggressor.[15] The annals offer no explanation as to why the two were at war, but it has been suggested that Áed's expansion into the lands of the Conailli Muirthemne (in modern County Louth) or the killing of Conaing mac Amalgado, king of Brega, supposedly strangled by Áed in 742, may have been connected to Domnall's return.[16]

Having defeated Áed, the Annals of Ulster state that Domnall again entered the religious life in 744.[17] When Flaithbertach's son Áed Muinderg died in 747, the Annals of Ulster call him "king of the North", suggesting that he was Domnall's deputy among the northern Uí Néill.[18] Domnall seems also to have had a deputy in the south. His distant kinsman Fallomon mac Con Congalt of Clann Cholmáin Bicc may have been king of Mide in 733, and is definitely styled as such at his death in 766.[19]

Other than this, almost nothing is recorded of Domnall during the twenty years in which he is reckoned to have been High King of Ireland. Unlike Áed Allán, he maintained good relations with the Uí Dúnlainge kings of Leinster.[20] In 753 he is said to have imposed the "law of Columba" on behalf of Sléibéne, Abbot of Iona. Domnall's support for Iona, a policy followed by his descendants, would eventually see the principal Columban church move to Kells during the Viking Age.[21]

There is only one report of Domnall at war, this in 756. The Annals of Ulster report that Domnall led an army from Leinster into Conailli Muirthemne. This again suggests that he saw the presence of the Cenél nEógain on the eastern coast as a threat to his family's power and also underlines the good relations he enjoyed with the kings of Leinster.[22]

Domnall died in 763 and was buried at the Columban monastery of Durrow in present-day County Offaly.[23] Although he enjoyed good relations with Iona and was seemingly devout, he was not well-regarded by all Irish churchmen. The Félire Óengusso, written at Tallaght in the borderlands of Leinster, apparently includes him among the oppressive secular rulers whom the authors held in contempt.[24]

According to the lists of High Kings and the evidence of the annals, Domnall was followed as High King by Niall Frossach, Áed Allán's younger brother.[25] The succession to the leadership of Clann Cholmáin was disputed.[26]

Domnall had several sons and at least one daughter.[27] His only recorded wife is Ailbíne ingen Ailello.[28] His son Donnchad Midi is also counted as a High King. A second son, Muiredach, who died in 802, is called king of Mide in the report of his death.[29] Domnall's son Diarmait Dub died in 764, leading an army raised from the lands of the monastery of Durrow. His opponent, his uncle or nephew Bressal mac Murchado, was leading the forces of the monastery of Clonmacnoise.[30] Another son, Murchad, died in battle in 765, fighting against Donnchad.[31] Indrechtach's death is recorded in 797, soon after Donnchad's.[32]

Domnall's daughter Eithne was killed, along with her husband Bran Ardchenn, King of Leinster, on 6 May 795 at Cell Cúile Dumai, near modern Abbeyleix, County Laois, by Fínsnechta Cetharderc, a rival for the kingship of Leinster.[33]

Domnall's later descendants included the High Kings Conchobar mac Donnchada, Máel Sechnaill mac Máele Ruanaid, Flann Sinna, Donnchad Donn and Máel Sechnaill mac Domnaill.[34]

Notes

   1. ^ Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 479–480, 572 & 604; Charles-Edwards, "Domnall"; Irwin, "Fogartach".
   2. ^ Charles-Edwards, "Domnall"; Annals of Ulster, AU 730.8.
   3. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 724.3; Irwin "Fogartach".
   4. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 728.1.
   5. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 732.10 & 733.3; Annals of Tigernach, AT 733.3 & 733.4; Charles-Edwards, "Áed Allán".
   6. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 765.2; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 114.
   7. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 733.7; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 208. Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 477–480, argues that the Cathal of these entries is not Cathal mac Finguine, but Cathal mac Áeda of the Síl nÁedo Sláine.
   8. ^ Fragmentary Annals, FA 177; Byrne, Irish Kings, pp. 156–157.
   9. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 735.2; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 118, suggests that Áed's victory may have resulted in the Ulaid being kingless until the coming to power of Fiachnae mac Áedo Róin c. 750.
  10. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 737.9 & 737.10; Byrne, Irish Kings, pp. 209–211; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 564.
  11. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 738.4; Fragmentary Annals, FA 178; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 208.
  12. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 738.9; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 209.
  13. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 739.4; Bhreatnach, "Abbesses", p. 122.
  14. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 740.1; Bhreatnach, "Abbesses", pp. 112–113; Charles-Edwards, "Domnall".
  15. ^ Charles-Edwards, "Áed Allán"; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 118; Annals of Ulster, AU 743.4.
  16. ^ Charles-Edwards, "Domnall"; Annals of Ulster, AU 742.7.
  17. ^ Charles-Edwards, "Domnall"; Annals of Ulster, AU 744.2; Bhreatnach, "Abbesses", pp. 112–113.
  18. ^ AU 747.4; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 476–481.
  19. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 766.2; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 476–481.
  20. ^ Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp 569–579; Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 156.
  21. ^ Charles-Edwards, "Domnall"; Annals of Ulster, AU 753.4 & AU 757.9.
  22. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 756.3; Charles-Edwards, "Domnall"; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 573.
  23. ^ Charles-Edwards, "Domnall"; Annals of Ulster, AU 763.1; Bhreatnach, "Abbesses", p. 113, suggests that Domnall may have treated Durrow as a royal residence.
  24. ^ He is presumed to be included among the "Domnalls" mentioned in the Félire Óengusso, lines 233–236; Dumville, Félire Óengusso, pp. 22–23.
  25. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings, pp. 156 & 275–276.
  26. ^ Doherty, "Donnchad".
  27. ^ Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 604, shows some of Domnall's children.
  28. ^ Charles-Edwards, "Domnall".
  29. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 802.1.
  30. ^ Doherty, "Donnchad"; Annals of Ulster, AU 764.6; Charles-Edward, Early Christian Ireland, p. 594. Bressal himself was killed the same year, AU 764.11.
  31. ^ Doherty, "Donnchad"; Annals of Ulster, AU 765.5.
  32. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 797.1.
  33. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 158; Annals of Ulster, AU 795.1; Doherty, "Donnchad".
  34. ^ Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 282.

References

    * Annals of Ulster AD 431–1201, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts, 2003, http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100001A/index.html, retrieved 2008-03-23
    * Annals of Tigernach, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts, 1996, http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G100002/index.html, retrieved 2008-03-23
    * Bhreathnach, Edel (2001), "Abbesses, Minor Dynasties and Kings in clericatu: Perspectives from Ireland, 700–850", in Brown, Michelle P.; Farr, Carol A., Mercia: An Anglo-Saxon kingdom in Europe, Leicester: Leicester University Press, pp. 113–125, ISBN 0-8264-7765-8
    * Byrne, Francis John (1973), Irish Kings and High-Kings, London: Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M., Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-39395-0
    * Charles-Edwards, T.M. (2004), "Áed Allán mac Fergaile (d. 743)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50070, retrieved 2007-10-25
    * Charles-Edwards, T.M. (2004), "Domnall mac Murchada (d. 763)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50105, retrieved 2007-10-25
    * Doherty, Charles (2004), "Donnchad mac Domnaill (733–797)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50105, retrieved 2007-10-25
    * Dumville, David (2002), "Félire Óengusso: Problems of Dating a Monument of Old Irish", Éigse: A Journal of Irish Studies 33: 19–48, ISSN 2618 0013 2618, http://www.nui.ie/eigse/pdf/vol33/eigse33.pdf, retrieved 2008-03-29
    * Irwin, Philip (2004), "Fogartach mac Néill (d. 724)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50118, retrieved 2007-10-25
    * Radner, Joan N., ed. (2004), Fragmentary Annals of Ireland, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts, http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100017/index.html, retrieved 2007-02-10 D. 0764 Diarmait Dub D. 0765 Murchad D. 0795 Eithne D. 0715 Murchad Midi Murchad mac Diarmato (died 715), called Murchad Midi (Murchad of Meath), was an Irish king. One of four or more sons of Diarmait Dian, he succeeded his father as King of Uisnech at the latter's death in 689.[1]

The Kings of Uisnech ruled a kingdom centred in modern County Westmeath, named for Uisnech, the hill reputed to be the centre of Ireland. They belonged to Clann Cholmáin, a kin group descended from Colmán Már, son of Diarmait mac Cerbaill, and were counted among the southern branches of the Uí Néill. In the 7th century, the dominant kin group among the southern Uí Néill, who shared the title of High King of Ireland or King of Tara with the northern Cenél Conaill kindred, were the rival Síl nÁedo Sláine, whose lands lay in modern County Dublin and County Meath, to the east of Uisnech.[2]

Murchad is among the guarantors of the Cáin Adomnáin (Law of Innocents) proclaimed at the Synod of Birr in 697.[3] There are few reports of Murchad in the Irish annals. His brother Bodbchad was killed in the Battle of Claenath in 704, near Clane in modern County Kildare, seemingly fighting alongside Fogartach mac Néill against the King of Leinster, Cellach Cualann.[4]

In 714 the annals record a the Battle of Bile Tened between Clann Cholmáin, led by Murchad, and the Síl nÁedo Sláine near Moynalty. Here Murchad's brothers Áed and Colgu were killed and on the opposing side Flann mac Áedo.[5] In the annals account of this battle it was said that Áed and Colgu were slain in the first encounter and Flann was slain in the second encounter. The Clann Cholmáin had an old feud with the Síl nDlúthaig sept of the Síl nÁedo Sláine and Flann's father Áed mac Dlúthaig had killed Murchad's father Diarmait.[6] On the same day of this battle, the men of Meath won a battle over the Uí Fhailgi of Offaly and their king Forbassach Ua Congaile was slain.[7]

Shortly afterwards the chief of Síl nÁedo Sláine, Fogartach mac Néill, was "expelled from the kingship and went to Britain".[8] Some later sources gloss this to say that he was expelled by the High King Fergal mac Máele Dúin, and others supposed that he had himself been High King. It is thought more likely that the kingship Fogartach was expelled from was that of the southern Uí Néill and that Murchad drove him from power.[9]

The next year Murchad was killed by Fogartach's uncle, the warlike Conall Grant. The notice of his death in the Annals of Ulster and the Annals of Tigernach calls him "king of the Uí Néill".[10] This title is not especially common in the annals. It is thought that it corresponds with the title "king of the North" (Rí in Tuaiscert) found attached to some northern Uí Néill who were not reckoned high kings and means that Murchad had acted as Fergal's deputy among the southern Uí Néill.[11]

Murchad left three sons, Domnall, called Domnall Midi, who was later high king, and Coirpre, who died in 749. Bressal mac Murchado, killed in 764, is probably, but not certainly, his son. Domnall became king of Uisnech, but Fogartach returned from Britain in 716 and was clearly the chief king among the southern Uí Néill.[12]

Notes

   1. ^ Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 604.
   2. ^ Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp 15–36. For king lists, see Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 502, table 12.6; Byrne, Irish Kings and High Kings, pp. 275–277.
   3. ^ Meyer, Cain Adamnain.
   4. ^ Irwin, "Fogartach"; Annals of Ulster, AU 704.4.
   5. ^ Irwin, "Fogartach"; Annals of Ulster, AU 714.1; Annals of Tigernach, AT 714.1.
   6. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 689.3
   7. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 714.5
   8. ^ Irwin, "Fogartach"; Annals of Ulster, AU 714.4; Annals of Tigernach, AT 714.4.
   9. ^ Irwin, "Fogartach".
  10. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 715.2, "Iugulatio Murchadho m. Dermato ... regis Nepotum Neill" ; Annals of Tigernach, AT 715.3, "Guín Murchadha, maic Diarmata m. Airmedaig Caich, ríg h-Ua Neill".
  11. ^ Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 479–480 & 572; Charles-Edwards, "Domnall".
  12. ^ Irwin, "Fogartach"; Byrne, Irish Kings and High Kings, p. 282; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 594 & 604.

References

    * Annals of Ulster AD 431–1201, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts, 2003, http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100001A/index.html, retrieved 2008-03-23
    * Annals of Tigernach, CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts, 1996, http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G100002/index.html, retrieved 2008-03-23
    * Byrne, Francis John (1973), Irish Kings and High-Kings, London: Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-5882-8
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M., Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-39395-0
    * Charles-Edwards, T.M. (2004), "Domnall mac Murchada (d. 763)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50105, retrieved 2007-10-25
    * Irwin, Philip (2004), "Fogartach mac Néill (d. 724)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50118, retrieved 2007-10-25
    * Meyer, Kuno (1905), Cain Adamnain: An Old-Irish Treatise on the Law of Adamnan, Oxford: Clarendon Press, http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/CainAdamnain.html, retrieved 2008-03-23 D. 0749 Coirpre D. 0764 Bressal mac Murchado D. 0689 Diarmait Dian D. 0714 Aed mac Diarmaito Dian D. 0714 Colgu mac Diarmaito Dian D. 0704 Bodbchad D. 0637 Airmetach Caech D. 0635 Conall Guthbinn From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Conall mac Suibni (died 635), called Conall Guthbinn, was a King of Uisnech in Mide of the Clann Cholmáin. He was the son Suibne mac Colmáin Már (died 600), a previous king.[1] He ruled from 621 to 635.[2] His byname Guthbinn meant "sweet voiced".

His father Suibne had been killed in 600 by his uncle Áed Sláine mac Diarmato (died 604) eponymous ancestor of the Síl nÁedo Sláine.[3] This set off a feud between the Clann Cholmáin and Síl nÁedo Sláine and in 604 a battle was fought in Faithche Mic Mencnain on the brink of Loch Semdid (Ballymore Loughsewdy in modern County Westmeath). In this battle Conall was able to witness the slaying of Áed Sláine slain by his foster brother Áed Gustan. Áed Sláine's allies; Áed Rón of the Uí Failge and Áed Buide, king of Tebtha; were also slain.[4]

Of this feud, the Annals of Ulster record:

    It was no time when counsel prevailed, for the warriors beyond Tuirbe: Conall slew Áed of Sláine, Áed Sláine slew Suibne.[5]

Conall then succeeded to the kingship of Uisnech in 621 on the death of Óengus mac Colmáin, son of Colmán Bec.[6] In 622 he defeated a rival cousinly line led by two sons of Librén, son of Illand, son of Cerball. Illand was a brother of his great-grandfather the high king Diarmait mac Cerbaill (died 565). This was fought at the Battle of Cenn Deilgthen (modern Kildalkey in County Meath) and Conall had the assistance of Domnall Brecc (died 642), later king of Dál Riata.[7]

Conall next appears at the Battle of Áth Goan in western Liffey in 633. In this battle, he allied to Faílbe Flann mac Áedo Duib (died 637), the king of Munster, to assist Fáelán mac Colmáin (died 666?) of the Uí Dúnlainge in defeating and slaying Crimthann mac Áedo of the Uí Máil to acquire the throne of Leinster. The rise of the Ui Dunlainge to power appears to have been assisted by the Clann Cholmain who were looking to neutralize the border situation with the Ui Failgi so as to carry out their rivalry with the Síl nÁedo Sláine. Fáelán mac Colmáin was married to Conall's sister Uasal ingen Suibni (died 643).[8]

Conall was now free to carry out the feud with Síl nÁedo Sláine. In 634, at the Battle of Loch Trethin at Fremainn (Loch Drethin at Frewin Hill, County Westmeath) , he slew Congal mac Áedo Sláine, king of Brega, and his brother Ailill Cruitire. However, in 635 he was killed in the house of a certain Nad Fraích's son by Diarmait mac Áedo Sláine (died 665).[9]

His son Airmetach Cáech was slain at the Battle of Mag Roth in 637 fighting for Congal Cáech of Ulaid versus the high king Domnall mac Áedo (died 642) of the Cenél Conaill. Airmetach's son Fáelchú was also slain in this battle.[10] Airmetach's other son, Diarmait Dian mac Airmetaig Cáech (died 689), was a King of Uisnech.[1]

Notes

   1. ^ a b Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 604, table III; Byrne, Irish Kings and High Kings, p. 282, table 3.; Mac Niocaill, pg.109
   2. ^ The Book of Leinster and Laud Synchronisms give him a reign of 15 years
   3. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 600.2; Byrne, Irish Kings and High Kings, pp. 96–97; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 507.
   4. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 604.2 & AU 604.3; Mac Niocaill, pp.46, 82 84; the feud between the descendants of Áed Sláine and those of Colmán Már is set out in tabular form by Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 496, table 12.4.
   5. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 604.2, a near-identical verse in AU 604.3.
   6. ^ Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 604, table III.
   7. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 622.1; Annals of Tigernach, AT 622.1.; Mac Niocaill, pg.91
   8. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU 633.2; Annals of Tigernach, AT 636.2; Byrne, Irish Kings and High Kings, p. 154; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, pp. 498–499 & table 12.6.; Mac Niocaill, pg.97
   9. ^ Annals of Ulster, AU634.1 & AU 635.1; Annals of Tigernach, AT 637.1 & 637.5; Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland, p. 496, table 12.4.; Mac Niocaill, pg.97
  10. ^ Charles-Edwards, Early Christian Ireland , pp. 495, & 497, table 12.5.

References

    * Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Annals of Ulster at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Byrne, Francis John (2001), Irish Kings and High-Kings, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 978-1-85182-196-9
    * Mac Niocaill, Gearoid (1972), Ireland before the Vikings, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan
    * Book of Leinster,Rig Uisnig at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Laud Synchronisms at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Onomasticon Goedelicum

 D. 0637 Faelchu D. 0600 Suibne mac Colmain Mar From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Suibne mac Colmáin Már (died 600) was a King of Uisnech in Mide of the Clann Cholmáin. He was the son of Colmán Már mac Diarmato (died 555/558), also king of Uisnech.[1] He ruled Uisnech from 587-600.[2]

A king list by Marianus Scotus names Suibne mac Colmain Mar as high king of Ireland.[3] He may also be the Suibne referred to in the Baile Chuind (The Ecstasy of Conn)[4] The annals and other king lists do not give him this title however. He was slain in 600 at Brí Dam in the Suaine by his uncle, the high king Áed Sláine mac Diarmato (died 604) of the Síl nÁedo Sláine, treacherously according to the Life of St. Columba by Adomnán.[5]

Suibne's sons Conall Guthbinn mac Suibni (died 635) and Máel Dóid mac Suibni (died 653) were also kings of Uisnech. His daughter Uasal ingen Suibni (died 643) married Fáelán mac Colmáin (died 666?), King of Leinster from the Uí Dúnlainge.

Notes

   1. ^ Byrne, Table 3; Charles-Edwards, Appendix III; Mac Niocaill, pg.80
   2. ^ the Laud Synchronisms and Book of Leinster give him a reign of 18 years
   3. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.486
   4. ^ Charles-Edwards, pg.493
   5. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 600.2; Annals of Tigernach AT 598.3

See also

    * Kings of Uisnech

References

    * Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Annals of Ulster at *CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Byrne, Francis John (2001), Irish Kings and High-Kings, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 978-1-85182-196-9
    * Mac Niocaill, Gearoid (1972), Ireland before the Vikings, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan
    * Book of Leinster,Rig Uisnig at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Laud Synchronisms at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork

 D. 0653 Mael Doid mac Suibni D. 0643 Uasal ingen Suibni D. 0555 Colman Mar From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

Colmán Már mac Diarmato (died 555/558) was a King of Uisnech in Mide. He was the son of Diarmait mac Cerbaill (died 565), the high king of Ireland and also king of Uisnech.[1]

The annals do not refer to him as king but he is mentioned in the king-lists of the Book of Leinster. It is unknown when he acquired Uisnech; his father had acquired the high kingship in 544.[2] He was killed in his chariot by Dub Sloit Ua Trena one of the Cruithne in 555 or 558.[3]

Colmán Már was ancestor of the Clann Cholmáin which later dominated the southern Ui Neill. His sons included two kings of Uisnech, Suibne mac Colmáin Már (died 600) and Fergus mac Colmáin Már (died 618). Colmán Már was possibly identical with Colmán Bec (died 587), the distinction arising out of 8th century politics.[4]

Notes

   1. ^ Byrne, Table 3; Mac Niocaill, pg.80;Charles-Edwards, Appendix III
   2. ^ The Laud Synchronisms give him a reign of four years in Uisnech.
   3. ^ Annals of Ulster AU 555.2, 558.2; Annals of Tigernach AT 557.1, Mac Niocaill, pg.70-71
   4. ^ Byrne, pg.xvii

See also

    * Kings of Uisnech

References

    * Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Annals of Ulster at *CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Byrne, Francis John (2001), Irish Kings and High-Kings, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 978-1-85182-196-9
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Gearoid Mac Niocaill (1972), Ireland before the Vikings, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan
    * Book of Leinster,Rig Uisnig at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
    * Laud Synchronisms at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork

 D. 0565 Diarmait mac Cerbaill Diarmait mac Cerbaill (died c. 565) was King of Tara or High King of Ireland. According to traditions, he was the last High King to follow the pagan rituals of inauguration, the ban-feis or marriage to goddess of the land.

While many later stories were attached to Diarmait, he was a historical ruler and his descendants were of great significance in Medieval Ireland.

According to later writings, Diarmait was the son of Fergus Cerrbél, son of Conall Cremthainne, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages. As a great-grandson of Niall, he and his descendants were counted among the Uí Néill. The Uí Néill as such, the name means "grandsons of Niall", can only have existed in the time of Niall's grandsons, but its common usage may be later yet as an earlier term moccu Chuinn is attested as late as the time of Saint Columba (died c. 597), a great-grandson of Niall's son Conall Gulban. This, incorporating the Primitive Irish language gentilic or demonym moccu—the masculine term, the feminine is dercu—indicates membership of the tribe of Conn, presumed to be named for Conn of the Hundred Battles, a legendary figure, or perhaps an euhemerised divinity, claimed as the ancestor of the Connachta.[3] Moccu was later often misread or misunderstood by later writers, for whom gentilic names were alien and parentelic ones familiar, as a compound of mac and ua—son of the grandson of someone—an error likely to have resulted in many later genealogical confusions as members of the same tribe were turned into cognatic blood relatives.

As for the reality, Byrne says: "Diarmait's immediate origins are obscure and may arouse some suspicion.[4]" He notes that Adomnán calls Diarmait filius Cerbulis, son of Cerball, and not son of Fergus as the genealogies would have it. The same applies to other hagiographical materials, which again have Diarmait as the son of an otherwise unknown Cerball. Also likely to raise suspicion that Diarmait's genealogy is a later fiction, is the fact that unlike the majority of the Uí Néill, who traced their descent from, and were named for, sons of Niall, Diarmait's descendants were named for his sons.[4]

The Annals of Tigernach record that Diarmait celebrated the Feast of Tara, his inauguration as King, in 558 or 560. The previous King of Tara, according to the earliest lists, was Óengarb, an epithet meaning "extremely rough", presumed to refer to Diarmait's kinsman Tuathal Maelgarb. What followed the inauguration was "a surprisingly unpropitious reign for so famous a king.[5]"

Diarmait was defeated at the battle of Cúl Dreimne (near Ben Bulben in modern County Sligo) in 560 or 561. This was the "Battle of the Books", supposedly the result of Diarmait's judgement in a dispute between Columba and Finnian of Moville. Columba, it is said, had secretly copied a book beloning to Finnian, and the matter of ownership of the copy had come to be settled by Diarmait, who adjudged in Finnian's favour, reportedly saying "[t]o every cow its calf and to every book its copy." Columba sought support from his kinsmen among the Cenél Conaill and the Cenél nEógain of the northern Uí Néill who went to war with Diarmait. This is a late tradition, and annalistic accounts claim that the battle was fought over Diarmait's killing of Diarmait of Curnán, son of Áed mac Echach (d.575), the King of Connacht who was under Columba's protection.[6]

Following this defeat, Diarmait lost the battle of Cúil Uinsen to Áed mac Brénainn, king of Tethbae in Leinster. Diarmait played no part in the great Uí Néill victory of Móin Daire Lothair in 563. He was killed in 565, at Ráith Bec in Mag Line (Moylinny, near Larne) in Ulster by Áed Dub mac Suibni, king of the cruithne.[7]

According to the later Irish historians, Diarmait was followed as King of Tara by Domnall Ilchegalch and Forguss, sons of Muirchertach mac Ercae, of the Cenél nEógain. More contemporary sources suggest that the Kingship of Tara all but disappeared in the years following Diarmait's death, and that it was not until the time of Domnall mac Áedo, or perhaps of Fiachnae mac Báetáin, that there was a High King of Ireland again.[8]

Adomnán of Iona, writing less than 150 years after Diarmait's death, describes him as "ordained by God's will as king of all Ireland." Given that the annals say that Diarmait celebrated the Feast of Tara, the pagan inauguration ceremony, Adomnán's words represent his view of kingship rather than the reality of Diarmait's life.[9] Most traditions portray Diarmait as in conflict with saints and holy men, notably Columba. A later poet has Diarmait say "Woe to him that contends with the clergy of the churches".[10]

Supernatural features in Diarmait's reign are not limited to prose and verse works or to lives of saints. Even the Irish annals include a reference to druid fences being created at the battle of Cúl Dreimne. The main subject for later writers and poets was not Diarmait's life, but his death.

Diarmait was told by Bec mac Dé that Áed Dub, Diarmait's foster-son, would be his killer. Accordingly, Diarmait banished Áed Dub.[11] Saint Ruadán gave the prophecy that Diarmait would be killed by the roof-beam of his hall at Tara. Diarmait had the beam cast into the sea. Diarmait then asked his druids to find the manner of his death, and they foretold that he would die of slaughter, drowning and burning, and that the signs of his death would be a shirt grown from a single seed of flax and a mantle of wool from a single sheep, ale brewed from one seed of corn, and bacon from a sow which had never farrowed. On a circuit of Ireland, Diarmait comes to the hall of Banbán at Ráith Bec, and there the fate of which he was warned comes to pass. The roof beam of Tara has been recovered from the sea by Banbán and set in his hall, the shirt and mantle and ale and bacon are duly produced for Diarmait. Diarmait goes to leave Banbán's hall, but Áed Dub, waiting at the door, strikes him down and sets fire to the hall. Diarmait crawls into an ale vat to escape the flames and is duly killed by the falling roof beam. Thus, all the prophecies are fulfilled.[12]

Like tales are told of Muirchertach mac Ercae and Adomnán records that Columba prophesied a similar death, by wounding, falling and drowning, for Áed Dub.[13]

Descendants

    * Síl nÁedo Sláine from Áed Sláine
    * Clann Cholmáin from Colmán Már
    * Caílle Follamain from Colmán Bec

Notes

   1. ^ Stokes, Book of Lismore, p. 276.
   2. ^ After Byrne, pp. 172–173.
   3. ^ Charles-Edwards, pp. 96, 441, 465, 509; Byrne?
   4. ^ a b Byrne, Irish Kings, p. 90.
   5. ^ Byrne, p. 94.
   6. ^ Byrne, p. 95. A recent work on the battle is Brian Lacey, "The battle of Cúl Dreimne – a reassessment" in the Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, volume 133 (2003).
   7. ^ Byrne, p. 95.
   8. ^ Byrne, pp. 104–105 & 276–277.
   9. ^ Adomnán, I, 36 and editor's note 157; Byrne, p. 97.
  10. ^ Byrne, pp. 95–96. The poem is in the Book of Leinster and is available here at CELT. No translation is presently available.
  11. ^ Adomnán, I, 36, places Áed's exile after the killing of Diarmait.
  12. ^ Byrne, pp. 97–99.
  13. ^ Byrne, pp. 99–100; Adomnán, I, 36; Ó Cróinín, pp. 64–65.

References

    * Best, Richard I. (1910), The Settling of the Manor of Tara, , Ériu 4: 121–172, http://www.ucd.ie/tlh/trans/rib.eriu.4.001.t.text.html, retrieved 2007-03-02
    * Bhreathnach, Edel (2005), "Níell cáich úa Néill nasctar géill: The Political Context of Baile Chuinn Chétchathaig", in Bhreathnach, Edel, The Kingship and Landscape of Tara, Dublin: Four Courts Press, pp. 49–68, ISBN 1-85182-954-7
    * Byrne, Francis John (2001), Irish Kings and High-Kings (2nd ed.), Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 1-85182-196-1
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2000), Early Christian Ireland, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-36395-0
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2004), "Diarmait mac Cerbaill (d. 565)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50101, retrieved 2008-03-06
    * Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2004), "Forggus mac Muirchertaig (d. c. 566)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/50119, retrieved 2008-03-06
    * De Paor, Liam (1997), Ireland and Early Europe: Essays and Occasional Writings on Art and Culture, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 1-85182-298-4
    * Hughes, Kathleen (2005), "The church in Irish society, 400–800", in Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Prehistoric and Early Ireland, A New History of Ireland, I, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 301–330, ISBN 0-19-922665-8
    * Lacey, Brian (2006), Cenél Conaill and the Donegal Kingdoms AD 500–800, Dublin: Four Courts Press, ISBN 1-85182-978-4
    * MacKillop, James (1998), The Oxford Dictionary of Celtic Mythology, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-860967-1
    * Mac Niocaill, Gearóid (1972), Ireland before the Vikings, The Gill History of Ireland, 1, Dublin: Gill and Macmillan, ISBN 0-7171-0558-X
    * Mac Shamhráin, Ailbhe; Byrne, Paul (2005), "Prosopography 1: Kings named in Baile Chuinn Chétchathaig and the Airgíalla Charter Poem", in Bhreathnach, Edel, The Kingship and Landscape of Tara, Dublin: Four Courts Press, pp. 159–224, ISBN 1-85182-954-7
    * Mac Shamhráin, Ailbhe (2000), "Nebulae discutiuntur? The emergence of Clann Cholmáin, sixth–eighth centuries", in Smyth, Alfred P., Seanchas. Studies in Early and Medieval Irish Archaeology, History and Literature in Honour of Francis J. Byrne, Dublin: Four Courts Press, pp. 83–97, ISBN 1-85182-489-8
    * Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí (1995), Early Medieval Ireland: 400–1200, London: Longman, ISBN 0-582-01565-0
    * Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí (2005), "Ireland 400–800", in Ó Cróinín, Dáibhí, Prehistoric and Early Ireland, A New History of Ireland, I, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 182–234, ISBN 0-19-922665-8
    * Sharpe, Richard (1995), Adomnán of Iona: Life of St Columba, Harmondsworth: Penguin, ISBN 0-14-044462-9
    * Stokes, Whitley (1890), Lives of saints, from the Book of Lismore, Oxford: Clarendon Press, http://www.archive.org/details/livessaints00stokuoft
    * Wiley, Dan M. (2004), "Aided Díarmata meic Cerbaill (Book of Uí Maine)", The Cycles of the Kings, http://www.hastings.edu/academic/english/Kings/Aided_Diarmata.htm, retrieved 2007-03-02
    * Wiley, Dan M. (2004), "Aided Díarmata meic Cerbaill (Book of Lismore)", The Cycles of the Kings, http://www.hastings.edu/academic/english/Kings/Aided_Diarmata_2.htm, retrieved 2007-03-02
    * Wiley, Dan M. (2004), "Comlond Díarmata meic Cerbaill fri Rúadán", The Cycles of the Kings, http://www.hastings.edu/academic/english/Kings/Comlond_Diarmata.htm, retrieved 2007-03-02
    * Wiley, Dan M. (2004), "Orgguin Trí Mac Díarmata mic Cerbaill", The Cycles of the Kings, http://www.hastings.edu/academic/english/Kings/Orgain_Tri_Mac_Diarmata.html, retrieved 2007-03-02 Fergus Cerrbel Conall Cremthainne 1187 - 1232 Peter Graham 45 45 1189 Robert Graham 1156 William Graham 1158 Alexander Graham 1160 John Graham 1162 Randolph Graham 1125 John Graham 1070 Alan de Graham 1040 William de Graegham 1189 Elizabeth Jonsdottir 1200 Eustache FitzRalph de Levington 1097 Alice de Stuteville 1025 Baldric of the Saxons 0990 - 1040 Raoul of Valois and Vexin 50 50 0982 Adela d'Amiens 1285 - 1331 Ivette de Ros 46 46 1290 - 1326 David de Strathbogie 36 36     David of Strathbogie, 10th Earl of Atholl, as which restored by Edward II of England between 21 Aug 1307 and 20 May 1308; though stripped of such title 1314 by Robert I (The Bruce) King of Scots after rebelling against him, even though made Constable of Scotland earlier by Robert; despite the absence of any writ of summons from him to the English Parliament of 20 Oct 1318 or genuine evidence of his sitting in it he is deemed by a House of Lords resolution of 7 May 1914 to have been created 1st Lord (Baron) Strabolgi (England) in virtue of a supposed writ of summons to that body, even later writs of summons, however, were worded to "David (de) Strabolgi, comiti (ie. "Earl of") Atholl", rather than "domini (ie. "Lord") Strabolgi"; granted by Edward II Feb 1312 Manors of Elton and Cave, Yorks (forfeited 3 May 1313), and 8 Oct 1314 Manors of Aylsham, Causton and Fakenham, Norfolk, but sided 1317 on with Edward II's rebellious cousin Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, for which pardoned 22 Oct 1318 and regranted Chilham 28 Nov 1321; Chief Warden of Northumberland 1322; held a command in the English army in Gascony 1325; married Joan (died between 8 June and 24 July 1326), daughter of John Comyn of Badenoch, and died 28 Dec 1326. [Burke's Peerage]

Title: Burke's Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition, Charles Mosley Editor-in-Chief, 1999
Page: 2716  1340 - 1407 Robert Plumpton 67 67 0872 - 0931 Rollo Rognvaldsson 59 59 # Note: Rollo, also called ROLF, or ROU, French ROLLON (b. c. 860--d. c. 932), Scandinavian rover who founded the duchy of Normandy.

    Making himself independent of King Harald I of Norway, Rollo sailed off to raid Scotland, England, Flanders, and France on pirating expeditions and, about 911, established himself in an area along the Seine River. Charles III the Simple of France held off his siege of Paris, battled him near Chartres, and negotiated the treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte, giving him the part of Neustria that came to be called Normandy; Rollo in return agreed to end his brigandage. He gave his son,  William I Longsword, governance of the dukedom (927) before his death. Rollo was baptized in 912 but is said to have died a pagan. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD, 1997, ROLLO]

# Note: Banished from Norway to the Hebrides ca. 876.

---

Rollo of Normandy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Rollo (c.860 - c.932) was the Frankish-Latin name taken by (probably) Hrolf Ganger (Hrolf the Walker, Old Norse: Hrólfr Rögnvaldsson and Göngu-Hrólfr, Norwegian: Gange-Rolf). He has also been called "Rollo the Gangler" in some works, or occasionally "Robert".

Rollo was a Viking leader, probably (based on Icelandic sources) from Norway, the son of Ragnvald, Earl of Moer; sagas mention a Hrolf, son of Ragnvald jarl of Moer. However, the latinization Rollo has in no known instance been applied to a Hrolf, and in the texts which speak of him, numerous latinized Hrolfs are included. Dudo of St. Quentin (by most accounts a more reliable source, and at least more recent and living nearer the regions concerned), in his Gesta Normannorum, tells of a powerful Danish (here called Dacian which often happened in medieval sources) nobleman at loggerheads with the king of Denmark (Dacia), who then died and left his two sons, Gurim and Rollo, leaving Rollo to be expelled and Gurim killed.(1) With his followers (known as Normans, or northmen), Rollo invaded the area of northern France now known as Normandy. Wace, writing some 300 years after the event, gives a Scandinavian origin, as does the Orkneyinga Saga, Danish or Norwegian most likely.

Concluding the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte (911) with the French king Charles the Simple, Rollo pledged feudal allegiance to the king, changed his name to the Frankish version, and converted to Christianity, probably with the baptismal name Robert. In return he was granted the lower Seine area (today's upper Normandy) and the titular rulership of Normandy, centred around the city of Rouen. There exists some argument among historians as to whether Rollo was a "duke" (dux) or whether his position was equivalent to that of a "count" under Charlemagne. According to legend, when required, in conformity with general usage, to kiss the foot of King Charles, he refused to stoop to what he considered so great a degradation; yet as the homage could not be dispensed with, he ordered one of his warriors to perform it for him. The latter, as proud as his chief, instead of stooping to the royal foot, raised it so high, that the King fell to the ground.

Sometime around 927 he passed the Duchy of Normandy to his son, William Longsword. He may have lived for a few years after that, but certainly died before 933.

He was a direct ancestor of William the Conqueror. By William, he was a direct ancestor of the present-day British royal family, including Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

The "clameur de haro" on the Channel Islands is, supposedly, an appeal to Rollo.

See also: Ålesund, Viking Age, Dukes of Normandy

 1304 Jane de Grey 1300 - 1349 William de Harcourt 49 49 1055 William Tyson Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: XII/2:273-274 1035 Gilbert de Tyson Fought at Battle of Hastings on Anglo Saxon side  1038 Beatrice 1180 Ysende de Gask An extract from Thomas Stobie's GEDCOM created 10 Mar 2009.  Thomas can be contacted at stobie@@sprynet.com. 1202 - 1258 Gilbert de la Haye 56 56 An extract from Thomas Stobie's GEDCOM created 10 Mar 2009.  Thomas can be contacted at stobie@@sprynet.com. 1162 - 1241 David de la Haye 79 79 An extract from Thomas Stobie's GEDCOM created 10 Mar 2009.  Thomas can be contacted at stobie@@sprynet.com. 1174 Ethna Strathearn An extract from Thomas Stobie's GEDCOM created 10 Mar 2009.  Thomas can be contacted at stobie@@sprynet.com. 1212 - 1263 Annabella de Strathearn 51 51 An extract from Thomas Stobie's GEDCOM created 10 Mar 2009.  Thomas can be contacted at stobie@@sprynet.com. 1125 - 1183 William de Vescy 58 58 # Note:

    WILLIAM DE VESCY, son and heir, by 1st wife, adopted his mother's name of Vescy, by which he and his successors were known. He was Sheriff of Northumberland, 1157-70, and of the Honor of Lancaster, 1166-70. At the Inquest of 1166 his carta
    showed that his tenants held of him 26 knights' fees, plus one third and one seventh of a fee. When William the Lion invaded Northern England in 1174 and laid siege to de Vescy's own castle of Alnwick, he was one of those who, after a forced
    march, raised the siege, 13 July, and took the Scottish King prisoner. On 16 March 1176/7, when Henry II arbitrated between the Kings of Castile and Navarre, he was among the witnesses of the award. He was a benefactor of many religious houses.

# Note:
# Note:

    He married, before 1169-71, Burga, daughter of Robert DE STUTEVILLE, by his wife Helewise. Having taken the habit of a monk at Alnwick Abbey, he died shortly before Michaelmas 1183 and was buried near the door of the Chapter House there. His
    widow, who was living in 1185, was buried with him. [Complete Peerage XII/2:274-5

# Note:
# Note: Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
# Note: Page: XII/2:274-275 1833 Cynthia Underwood 1833 William A. Underwood 1841 James S. Underwood 1837 Jane Underwood 1842 - 1916 Louis J. Underwood 73 73 1844 - 1906 Samuel S. Underwood 62 62 1847 Abraham V. Underwood 1849 - 1910 Caroline Nancy Underwood 61 61 1852 Mary E. Underwood 1855 Randol Monroe Underwood 1710 Margaret Rucker 1715 William Rucker 1662 Johann Rucker 1663 Thomas Rucker 1665 Ambrose Levi Rucker 1666 Elizabeth Isabella Rucker 1642 Elizabeth Rucker 1643 Peter Rucker 1645 Isabella Rucker 1647 Johann Rucker 1280 - 1333 Philip de Newnham 53 53 1285 Julian 1250 William de Newnham 1220 Roger de Newnham 1190 Aubrey de Newnham 1400 - 1474 Elizabeth Purefoy 74 74 1293 William Purefoy 1276 Philip Purefoy 1260 William Purefoy 1264 Mary Wenle 1240 William Purefoy 1220 Simon Purefoy 1200 - 1275 William Purefoy 75 75 1316 John Whellesburgh 1295 Thomas Whellesburgh 1270 Thomas Whellesburgh 1249 Adam Whellesburgh 1228 Adam Whellesburgh 1393 - 1431 John Knightley 38 38 1136 - 1192 Baldwin d' Oyly 56 56 1112 Andrew d' Oyly 1162 Roger de Knightley 1164 Sabine de Knightley 1134 Roger Knightley 1300 Elizabeth Knightley 1250 Robert Foulthures 1252 Agnes 1263 William de Burgh 1264 John Cowley 1328 Richard de Harcourt 1330 - 1417 Thomas Harcourt 87 87 1273 - 1344 Eleanor la Zouche 71 71 1277 - 1339 John de Harcourt 62 62 Alexander de Harcourt 1323 Matilda de Harcourt 1256 - 1293 Richard de Harcourt 37 37 1256 - 1304 Margaret Beke 48 48 1271 Nicholas de Harcourt 1267 Henry de Harcourt 1269 Agnes de Harcourt 1237 - 1295 Hillary de Hastings 58 58 [Sarah Hnkle #1.FTW]
Information from "The Pearsall Family",Chap.24,Sec.2 Ancestral Roots of certain American Colonies ( 7th Ed.) by Frederick Lewis Peerage and Baronetage by Sir Bernard Burke 1883 Peerages of the British Empire by Sir Bernard BurkeIn her line are nine Kings of Scotland Simon de Harcourt 1258 Henry de Harcourt 1215 - 1278 William de Harcourt 63 63 1343 John Giffard 1320 - 1378 Edmund Giffard 58 58 Burkes Hx of the commoners under Giffard of Chilington
Herald and Geneologist, Vol 7 p 64-68
Additions to Dugdales Baronage P 11
The gresleys of Drakelow p 258
the Landed Gentry - Giffard of Chillington
Visitation of Stafford 1583
Staffordshire Pedigrees 1664-1700 p.103 1324 de Venables 1290 - 1371 John Giffard 81 81 1290 Catherine Stafford 1333 John Giffard 1336 Matilda Giffard 1270 John Giffard 1245 Peter Giffard 1250 Margaret Chudleigh 1220 Peter Giffard 1222 Alice Corbuchin 1272 - 1327 Aveline de Courtenay 55 55 1380 - 1420 John Bellers 40 40 1380 Margaret Bellers 1195 Ralph de Bellers 1230 - 1293 Richard de Willoughby 63 63 1287 - 1314 Robert Bertram 27 27 1373 - 1409 John Bernacke 36 36 1362 Agnes Bernacke 1300 - 1357 John de Driby 57 57 Isabel de Tateshal 1250 - 1329 Johanne de Tateshal 79 79 Johanne inherited the castle and manor of Tattershall and other lands in Lincolnshire from her nephew's son. In 1315, she was granted a fair at Tattershall. In 1324 she settled the messuages, land and rents of her manors of Old Buckenham, New Buckenham, Attleborough, Ellingham, a third part of Wymondham and an eighth part of Buckenham on Alix and Willelm de Bernak; the castle and manor of Tattershall on her youngest son Robert for life, with a reversion to Alix and Willelm de Bernak; the manor of Bredon on her eldest son Johan, with a reversion to Alix and Willelm de Bernak. She retained a life's interest in the manors of Holwell and Kettleby in Leicestershire, Tumby and Kirkby- on- Bain in Lincolnshire; Babbingley and a part of Tolbooth in Norfolk.  1240 John Chenduit 1220 Ralph Chenduit of Cornwall 1308 - 1342 Gomez Perez Vasquez di Toledo 34 34 1312 - 1343 Teresa Garcia 31 31 1282 Fernan Gonzalez de Toledo ~1285 Teresa Vasquez de Acuna ~1256 - 1290 Gomez Perez Y Polemeque de Toledo 34 34 Sources:

    Title: Kay Bryant, Bryant Web Site
    Abbrev: Bryant Web Site
    Note:
    Kay Bryant, Bryant Web Site, _MEDI: 121601-1
    _TYPE: Smart Matching
    _UID: A3A23C35-FC50-4522-B79F-0B921F8077D4
    .
    Page: Gomez Perez Y Polemeque de Toledo
    Text: Added by confirming a Smart Match
    Quality: 3
    Title: GEDCOM file submitted by merged names from first try, mgcaulk65583@yahoo.com. Imported on 26 May 2010.
    Abbrev: GEDCOM file imported on 26 May 2010  ~1259 Arabuena Almildez 1231 Gutierre Almildez Sources:

    Title: Kay Bryant, Bryant Web Site
    Abbrev: Bryant Web Site
    Note:
    Kay Bryant, Bryant Web Site, _MEDI: 121601-1
    _TYPE: Smart Matching
    _UID: A3A23C35-FC50-4522-B79F-0B921F8077D4
    .
    Page: Gutierre Almildez
    Text: Added by confirming a Smart Match
    Quality: 3
    Title: Ancestry.com, OneWorldTree (Name: The Generations Network, Inc.; Location: Provo, UT, USA;)
    Abbrev: OneWorldTree
    Repository:
        Name: www.ancestry.com
    Note:
    Ancestry.com, OneWorldTree (Provo, UT, USA, The Generations Network, Inc.).
    Page: Database online.
    Text: Record for Gutierre Almildez
    Title: GEDCOM file submitted by merged names from first try, mgcaulk65583@yahoo.com. Imported on 26 May 2010.
    Abbrev: GEDCOM file imported on 26 May 2010  1237 Mayor Fernandez 1229 Pedro Fernandez Y Illan de Toledo ~1233 Urraca Polomeque 1203 Fernan Perez de Toledo 1206 Luna Illan ~1178 Esteban Illan ~1183 Luna 1177 Pedro Gutierrez 1150 Gutierre Perez 1120 Pedro Suarez 1088 Suer Perez Melen de Toledo 1053 Don Pedro 1061 Jimena Nunez ~1084 Melen Perez 1007 - 1061 Isaak Comnenus 54 54 1008 Ekaterina of Bulgaria 1033 Nuno Alfonso 1240 Vasco Martinz Acuna Chancino Fernando Gonzalez Chancino Mayor Alonso Cambra 1218 Martino Vasquez Acuna 1221 Joana Ruiz de Nomaes 1196 Vasco Laurenco Acuna 1170 Laurenco Fernandez Acuna 1143 Fernando Pelayes Acuna 1117 Pelaya Guitierrez Silva 1122 Abusinda Ermiquiz de Abunazar 1085 - 1130 Gutierro Pelayez Silva 45 45 1059 Pelaya Pelayez Cisneros 1062 Mayor Gonzales 1095 Hermigo de Abunazar 1070 Abu Nazir Lovesindez de Maiar 1045 Lovesindo Ramirez de Leon Zaira Bint Zaydan ~1167 Amicia de Huntingdon ~1160 Ragnhild Somerledsdatter ~1114 - 1164 Thane of Argyll and South Isles Somerled II 50 50 Somerled
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Somerled (Sumarlidi Norse, Somhairle modern Gaelic) was a military and political leader of the Scottish Isles in the 12th century who was known as the "Rex Insularum" or Lord of the Isles.

Somerled first appears in historical chronicles in the year 1140 as the regulus, or King, of Kintyre (Cinn Tìre) when he marries Raghnailt the daughter of Amhlaibh (or Olaf), King of the Isle of Man. 1153 saw the deaths of two kings: David I of Scotland and Amhlaibh of Man. There was much confusion and discord as a result and Somerled took his chance - making offensive moves against both Scotland and Man under his brother in law Goraidh mac Amhlaibh.

A summoning was sent to Somerled Dougal - Somerled's own son by his wife, the daughter of the Manx King - to move so he might be "King over the Isles". In 1156 Goraidh was defeated in battle against 80 ships of Somerleds fleet and the two enemies partitioned the isles between them. Goraidh kept the islands north of Ardnamurchan with Somerled gaining the rest. However, two years following this Somerled returned to the Isle of Man with 53 warships. He defeated Goraidh again and this time forced him to flee to Norway. Somerled's kingdom now stretched from the Isle of Man to the Butt of Lewis.

Thus both Viking and Scot formed one people under a single lord and came to share a single culture, one way of life - they were to become a powerful and noted race known as the Gall-Gaidheal, literally meaning 'Foreign-Gaels'. It was upon the seas their power was situated under the rule of the kings of the isles yet new enemies arose in the East. The Stewarts made inroads in the west coast and eventually Somerled assembled a sizeable army to repel them. He advanced to the centre of the Stewarts own territory, to Renfrew, where a great battle was fought in 1164. Much confusion surrounds the manner of the battle, and indeed whether a battle occurred at all, but what is certain is that Somerled was killed. Although the how of Somerled's death is also unsure, what is certain is that following the death of their great leader his army was greatly dispirited and retreated from the area.

Following the death of Somerled several powerful lords emerged from within his kingdom. The lordship was contested by two main families; that of Somerled and his descendants and that of the descendants of Goraidh mac Amhlaibh. During the 12th and 13th centuries the Scandinavian world saw much change in methods of rule and administration which ultimately resulted in more strongly centralized, unified kingdoms such as Denmark and Norway. However this did not happen in the Kingdom of the Isles which was instead absorbed into the greater Kingdom of Scotland albeit its place in that state and the loyalty of its inhabitants to the King of Scots would remain peripheral and temperamental for centuries to come

Legacy
Arguably Somerled's greatest legacy was the expulsion of the Norse from their Scottish foothold along the west coast - a foothold they had maintained for centuries. While the successor Lords of the Isles remained of questionable loyalty with regard to the Scottish Crown and nominally under the sovereignty of Norway they were Scottish in language and culture rather than Norse and foreign. As a result of this 'Gaelic Renaissance' under Somerled the great dichotomy which later formed in Scotland was between the Gaelic Scots (who came over the following centuries to be generally restricted to the Highlands and Hebrides) and the Lowland Anglo-Scots who, with the displacement of Scottish Gaelic by Inglis - later renamed Scots - across the lowlands came to dominate the east coast and south of the country.

Descendants
Somerled's sons bore mixed Norse — Olaf (Gaelic Amlaibh), Ranald (Norse Rognvald, Gaelic Ragnall) — and Gaelic — Duncan, Dugald, Angus and Gille Brigte — names, further evidence of the mixed nature of Norse-Gael culture. Later descendants also bore Scots, or Scotto-Norman names, such as Alexander (Gaelic Alisdair) borne by sons of Donald son of Ragnall, of Angus Mór brother of Donald, and of Ewen son of Duncan.

As with any successful kindred, the MacSorleys formed new lineages. Within a century of Somerled's death, the MacDougalls, named for Dugald son of Somerled, ruled in Lorne and Mull. Two kindreds traced their descent to Ranald son of Somerled, the MacRuaris of Garmoran, from Ruari son of Ranald, and the MacDonalds of Islay, from Angus Mór son of Donald son of Ranald
 ~1127 Princess of Man Ragnhilda Olafsdottir ~1144 - 1207 Lord of the Isles Rognvald Somerledsson 63 63 ~1141 - 1207 King of Argyll Dubhgall Dougall Somerledsson 66 66 ~1143 Lord of the Isles Arran Somerledsson ~1145 - ~1210 Lord of Bute Angus Engulf Somerledsson 65 65 ~1147 Olaf Amlaibh Somerledsson ~1149 Gille Brigte Somerledsson ~1151 Beatrice Somerledsdottir ~1154 Alan Somerledsson ~1157 Bethag Somerledsdottir ~1150 Geoffrey de Gask ~1170 Geoffrey de Gask 1153 - 1210 Matilda d'Aubigny 57 57 An extract from Thomas Stobie's GEDCOM created 10 Mar 2009.  Thomas can be contacted at stobie@@sprynet.com. ~1152 Maol Iosa Strathearn ~1154 Christian Strathearn ~1100 - 1141 Malise Strathearn 41 41 Máel Ísu I, Earl of Strathearn
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mormaer Máel Ísu I (also Maol Íosa, Máel Íosa, Mallus or Mallisse or Malise, "tonsured devotee of Jesus"), (fl. 1138), is the earliest known Mormaer of Strathearn; but as with other Mormaerdoms, this is simply a source problem and in no way means the lordship was a novelty.

Like his successor Ferchar, Máel Ísu is largely absent from the witness lists of Scottish royal charters, indicating a lack of involvement with the Franco-Gaelic Kings of Scotland. Máel Ísu, though, assisted with the invasion of the Kingdom of England by King David I.

Ailred of Rievaulx portrays Máel Ísu as the chief representative of the native Scottish nobility in their tension with the incoming French companions of the king. In a speech that Ailred may indeed have known about, Máel Ísu insists on the right of the Gaelic warriors to provide the van of the Scottish army. After the defeat of the Scottish army at the Battle of the Standard, Máel Ísu was required to give a son as a hostage

Máel Ísu's wife or wives are unknown to us. We do know, though, that he fathered Ferchar, who succeeded him to the Mormaerdom. ~1060 Forteith Strathearn 1080 Rosabel Forteith ~1239 Annabella Graham ~1235 David Graham ~1295 - 1373 David Graham 78 78 ~1332 - 1387 Countess of Ross Euphemia MacAntagart 55 55 ~1212 Agnes Graham ~1274 - 1331 William Erskine 57 57 1217 - 1271 John Erskine 54 54 ~1190 - 1226 Henry Erskine 36 36 ~1372 Elizabeth Montgomery ~1373 Catherine Stuart 1384 - 1451 James Stuart 67 67 Sir James Stewart, "The Black Knight of Lorn"; married (papal dispensation 21 Sep 1439) Jane/ Joan Beaufort, Queen Dowager ofScotland (d 15 June 1445), daughter of John, Marquess of Dorset and Earl of Somerset (son of John of Gaunt and grandson ofEdward III), and widow of Jame s I, and was captured at sea by a Flemish ship and put to death. [Burke's Peerage] ~1442 - 1499 Earl of Buchan James Stuart 57 57 ~1399 Joan de Beaufort ~1440 - 1512 1st Earl of Atholl John Stuart 72 72 John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl, so created 1457; granted the Castle and Lordship of Balvenie (forfeited by his 1st wife's family) 1460; defeated and captured the last Lord of the Isles (see MacDonald) 1475; Ambassador to England 1484; married 1st1459/60 Margaret "The Fair Maid of Galloway" Dowager Countessof Douglas (died by 1475), daughter of the 5th Earl of Douglas,widow of her cousin 8th Earl of Douglas and divorced wife of another cousin 9th Earl of Douglas, and had [Janet, married 3rd Earl of Huntly and d. 27 Oct 1510], with a younger daugh er.The 1st Earl married 2nd c27 April 1475 Eleanor (d. 21 March1518), daughter of 1st Earl of Caithness, and died 15 Sep 1512, having by her had [John Stewart, 2nd Earl of Atholl], with nine daughters (including Margaret, married Sir William Murray of Castleton; Catherine, married as his 1st wife 6th Lord Forbes) and a younger son (Andrew, Bishop of Caithness). [Burke'sPeerage]
 ~1444 Andrew Stuart ~1388 - 1460 Isabel Stuart 72 72 ~1317 Catherine MacDougall ~1342 - 1403 Robert Stuart 61 61 ~1346 Catherine Stuart ~1349 - 1389 Isabel Stuart 40 40 ~1383 Jean Stuart ~1295 John Baccach MacDougall ~1317 Catherine MacDougall ~1220 - >1273 John Comyn 53 53 ~1255 - 1310 Alexander MacDougall 55 55 ~1255 Marian Comyn ~1225 Marian MacDonal ~1297 Juliana MacDougall ~1299 Duncan MacDougall ~1301 Christian MacDougall ~1225 - 1265 Eoghan MacDougall 40 40 ~1257 - 1303 Mary MacDougall 46 46 ~1257 Duncan MacDougall ~1261 Malcolm MacDougall ~1195 - 1248 Duncan MacDougall 53 53 ~1175 - 1245 Donnchad MacDougall 70 70 ~1180 Elizabeth Muchdanach ~1197 Dugall Scrag MacDougall ~1199 Elizabeth MacDougall ~1201 Ospak Haakon MacDougall ~1150 Muchdanach of Moidart ~1405 Joan Livinston ~1380 - 1459 Janet Dundas 79 79 ~1320 William Livinston ~1325 Andrew Livinston ~1355 Marjorie Menteith ~1375 - 1434 Alexander Livinston 59 59 ~1241 John de Strivelyn ~1270 Alexander de Strivelyn ~1274 John de Strivelyn ~1310 Katherine Stirling ~1276 Alan de Strivelyn ~1180 - 1245 Alexander de Strivelyn 65 65 ~1150 Peter de Strivelyn ~1120 Walter de Strivelyn ~1335 Catherine Stirling ~1337 Jean Stirling ~1339 William Stirling ~1274 John de Strivelyn ~1258 Adam de Swinburne ~1285 - 1326 Elizabeth de Swinburne 41 41 ~1233 - 1318 Adam de Swinburne 85 85 ~1241 Idonea Graham ~1260 Barbara de Swinburne ~1262 Elizabeth de Swinburne ~1279 Christian de Swinburne ~1210 - 1301 John de Swinburne 91 91 ~1215 Amicia de Chollerton ~1235 - 1289 William de Swinburne 54 54 ~1237 Robert de Swinburne ~1242 Nicholas de Swinburne ~1185 - 1255 Richard de Swinburne 70 70 ~1160 Adam de Swinburne ~1135 Ulfchill de Swinburne ~1216 - 1283 Henry Graham 67 67 ~1220 Margaret Avenal ~1243 - 1304 Nicholas Graham 61 61 ~1247 Henry Graham ~1251 Peter Graham ~1249 David Graham ~1253 William Graham ~1218 Nicholas Graham ~1241 Idonea Graham ~1190 Roger Avenal ~1137 Maud de Redviers ~1128 - >1178 Ralph Avenal 50 50 ~1098 - >1167 Robert Avenal 69 69 Sources:
Title: Isabel de Ros.ged
Note:
Source Medium: Other

Text: Date of Import: 13 Feb 2005 ~1108 Isabel de Gloucester ~1069 - ~1129 Ralph Avenal d'Avranches 60 60 ~1072 - 1142 Adelise FitzBaldwin de Meulles 70 70 ~1093 Alice Avenal ~1095 Maud Avenal ~1037 - 1087 William Abrincis d'Avranches 50 50 ~1039 Emma Crispin de Brionne ~1007 Guitmond Abrincis d'Avranches ~0998 - ~1040 Gislebert Crispin 42 42 ~1009 Constance d'Eu 1035 - 1090 Baldwin FitzGilbert 55 55 ~1040 Albreda d'Avranches 1035 - 1090 Baldwin FitzGilbert 55 55 ~0990 - >1041 Richard Toustien le Goz 51 51 ~1010 Albreda d'Avranches 1074 Robert de Pitres ~1100 - >1170 Mabel de Gloucester 70 70 ~1110 Lucy de Gloucester ~1140 - ~1202 William de Stuteville 62 62 ~1142 - <1218 Nicholas de Stuteville 76 76 Sources:
Title: The Phillips, Weber, Kirk and Staggs Family
Abbrev: The Phillips, Weber, Kirk and Staggs Family
Author: Jim Weber
Title: AFN:
Abbrev: AFN:
Title: Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists Who Came to New England between 1623 and 1650
Abbrev: Ancestral Roots of Sixty Colonists Who Came to New
Author: Frederick Lewis Weis
Publication: Genealogical Publishing, Inc. Sixth Edition, 1988
Title: Tudor Place
Abbrev: Tudor Place
Author: Jorge H. Castelli 1144 - >1166 Patrick de Stuteville 22 22 Generated by GenoPro®. Click here for details.