General Notes

Matilda, daughter of King Henry I of England and Matilda of Scotland.  On account of the death of her brother she was heir to the throne of England and received formal recognition as her father's successor.  The Great Council of England, however, was reluctant to acknowledge a female sovereign and this feeling increased on her marriage to the heir of Anjou and Maine.  On the death of her father in 1135 his nephew, Stephen of Mortain and Boulogne, son of Stephen Henry, Count of Blois, by Adela, daughter of William the Conqueror, was recognized in both England and Normandy and he rushed across the channel and was crowned King.  Through extortionate demands on the barons and a quarrel with the church over the question of its secular jurisdiction, he lost their support.  Matilda came to England and with the help of her half-brother, Robert, Earl of Gloucester, contested the royal title.  The contest continued for years.  Stephen was captured at Lincoln, but the Earl of Gloucester was soon after captured and an exchange was arranged.  Meanwhile Geoffrey of Anjou completed the conquest of Normandy and Matilda retired there, still claiming the English crown.  In 1153 Henry, son of Matilda and Geoffrey, appeared in England.  After Stephen lost his son Eustace, through a sudden illness, he recognized Henry as his heir and they cooperated to repress anarchy. Source: Royal Gen.  Gives birth as abt 1103/04 and death at Rouen 10 Sep 1167. Ancestral file has 10 Sep 1169.  Above had 30 Jan 1164.  She first invaded England in 1139. She and Geoffrey captured Normandy and in 1152 the Treaty of Wallingford recognized Henry as Stephen's heir.  Burke says she was betrothed in her eight year (1119) to Henry V (the marriage was in 1114 so 1119 is a typo).

She was called Maud. She was married as a young girl to the Holy Roman Emperor. They had no children. After his death she was married to the Count of Anjou. Throughout her life she kept her title of Empress.
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Royal Lineage
Queen of England, daughter of Henry I of England. Henry arranged a marriage for her with Holy Roman Emperor Heinrich V, and she was sent to the Empire (1109), betrothed, and five years later (1114) married to him. Empress Matilda was popular in Germany and seemed more German than English, but after her husband's death (1125) she returned to England. Since her only legitimate brother had died (1120), her father devoted himself to securing for her the succession to the English throne, and the barons did in fact recognize her as Henry's heir in 1127. In 1128 she married Geoffrey IV of Anjou, to whom she bore three sons, the eldest being the future Henry II . Both she and her marriage were unpopular in England, however, and on Henry I's death in 1135 the barons gave their support to Matilda's cousin Stephen , who seized the throne. In 1139, Matilda, aided by her half-brother Robert, Earl of Gloucester , undertook to recover the throne. After the defeat and capture of Stephen in 1141, she was elected Lady of the English; but her arrogance alienated supporters, and the captive Stephen had to be freed in a prisoner exchange for Gloucester. Wolvesey Castle, which when built, was the largest domestic building in England. It was fortified by Bishop Henry of Blois during the battles between Stephen and Matilda which destroyed most of the city of Winchester in 1141. Before the end of the year her forces were routed at Winchester, and the same powerful clergy who had enthroned her then deposed her and declared for Stephen. The struggle continued, but never greatly in her favor. In 1148 she withdrew; her son Henry inherited her claim to the throne and was recognized as heir in 1153. Matilda spent her remaining years in Normandy and became noted for her charity.
Queen of England in London, Middlesex, England